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  • Stock food for flu outbreak

    Stock food for flu outbreak
    Thursday, 13 December 2007
    University of Sydney

    Sydney researchers have produced useful food and nutrition guidelines for survival rations to be used in the event of a pandemic such as influenza, which appear in the Medical Journal of Australia.

    Human nutrition expert Professor Jennie Brand-Miller from University's School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences says that Australia could be particularly susceptible to the food shortages brought on by a pandemic.In the article she argues that this is due to the fact that we have one of the most concentrated food supplies of any country, being dominated by two large supermarket chains.

    "The problem is that these organisations operated with such efficiency that their logistic chains hold only a few week's supplies," says Professor Brand-Miller. "If the supply chain shuts down, or if there is no delivery from central stores, supermarkets' stocks will be depleted within 2-4 weeks."

    The team of Sydney researches led by Professor brand Miller along with a colleague from Oslo in Norway, have identified which foods should be stockpiled and in what quantities.

    "While long-term food stockpiling could be considered a governmental responsibility, we suggest that home stockpiling of food to at least three months might be done by individual households," said Professor Brand-Miller.

    "It is logical that the foods to be stockpiled should be staples and well accepted," she says. "Importantly, they should be nutrient-dense, providing the recommended macronutrients and micronutrients for all members of the family."

    The latest science news. Publishing independent, fact-checked reporting on health, space, nature, technology, and the environment.

  • #2
    From the Medical Journal of Australia

    Crisis A food ?lifeboat?: food and nutrition considerations in the event of a pandemic or other catastrophe

    Anna Haug, Jennie C Brand-Miller, Olav A Christophersen, Jennifer McArthur, Flavia Fayet and Stewart Truswell
    MJA 2007; 187 (11/12): 674-676
    Introduction
    ? Which foods and in what quantities?
    ? Competing interests
    ? Author details
    ? References

    Abstract
    • Influenza pandemics are a real risk and are best managed by self-isolation and social distancing to reduce the risk of infection and spread.
    • Such isolation depends on availability of food of adequate quantity and quality.
    • Australia has one of the most concentrated food supplies of any country, making rapid food depletion more likely in a crisis.
    • Food stockpiling by both authorities and citizens is an important safety precaution that should be given greater media coverage.
    • Food and nutrition guidelines are provided for survival rations in the event of a pandemic or other catastrophe.
    Large catastrophes have caused the collapse of empires and civilisations.1 Science and knowledge may help prevent some catastrophes, but urbanisation and narrowly concentrated food supplies, climate change and terrorism contribute to considerable risk. Viruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and avian influenza A (H5N1) or ?bird flu? are among the most immediately identifiable risks. The World Health Organization has stated that the risk scenario associated with an outbreak of pandemic H5N1 influenza should be considered more serious than was previously assumed.2
    Early self-isolation and social distancing measures are known to be highly effective.3 In the event of a lethal pandemic, emergency measures such as closing schools, staying home with family and friends, and avoiding contact with other people (until all have been immunised) will be instrumental in avoiding infection. People employed in essential services or occupations may be required to reside at their workplace for the whole period of the crisis. To achieve this type of isolation, sufficient food of adequate quality and quantity must be available.
    The Australian Government and the Australian Food and Grocery Council (AFGC) have been planning for such a scenario for several years and have advanced plans in place (Russell Neal, AFGC, Canberra, ACT, personal communication). Nonetheless, the logistics and practicalities of household food stockpiling should be given greater media coverage. Australia has one of the most concentrated food supplies of any country, being dominated by two large supermarket chains. These organisations operate with such efficiency that their logistic chains hold only a few weeks? supplies (Russell Neal, AFGC, personal communication). If the supply chain shuts down, or if there is no delivery from central stores, supermarkets? stocks will be depleted within 2?4 weeks (Clare Buchanan, Public Relations Officer, Woolworths Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, personal communication). If domestic stockpiling begins at this late stage, then depletion will be accelerated.
    Food supplies in the home will need to last as long as it takes for vaccine development and production. For ordinary seasonal influenza vaccines, there is a lag of 6 months or more after a new virus strain has first been discovered until a new vaccine is available for distribution. For weather-related catastrophes, food stockpiles might be required for much longer. A destabilised global climate, where small changes in atmospheric and ocean circulations have major consequences for temperature, rainfall, wind and storm patterns, may precipitate food stockpile dependence for several years.4 While long-term food stockpiling could be considered a governmental responsibility, we suggest that home stockpiling of food to last about 3 months might be done by individual households. This would allow a window of time for governments to put emergency action plans and food deliveries in place.

    Which foods and in what quantities?It is logical that the foods to be stockpiled should be staples and well accepted, easy to store, packed where possible in an inert gas for a longer shelf life, and not dependent on refrigeration. Importantly, they should be nutrient-dense, providing the recommended macronutrients and micronutrients for all members of the family.5 Ideally, they can be eaten without cooking, in case gas and electricity fail. Cost, volume and storage space are further considerations.
    A food stockpile should provide an average energy intake of about 9 MJ (2150 kcal) per person per day in order to avoid significant weight loss. This is near the average intake ? men need a little more than women, while children need less.5 In a home quarantine situation, physical activity is not likely to be high.
    Box 1 shows a food ?lifeboat? for one person for 10 weeks, and in Box 2, we provide an example of a food list that provides one person with 9 MJ per day for 10 weeks and covers all known nutrient needs. This example was generated using the nutrient analysis software, FoodWorks (Professional Edition 2007; Xyris Software, Brisbane, QLD), which is based on the composition of Australian foods, and commonly used by Australian dietitians. The recommended daily intake of specific macronutrients and micronutrients for adults and children is published by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.5 Together, these two sources make it possible to compose diets with the appropriate quantity of nutrients. As most people have no access to detailed nutrient data, we have developed these examples to show what is needed, and typical of what might be acceptable. We acknowledge that such food lists are culturally and ethnic-specific, and that other food combinations are possible.
    It would be cheaper and require less storage space to rely on multivitamin tablets rather than canned fruit and vegetables to cover the requirements of vitamins such as C and A. For this reason, Box 3 shows a food list that covers basic nutrient requirements when taken together with a multivitamin?mineral supplement. Indeed, some micronutrients do not need to be consumed on a daily basis because of the capacity of the body to store them (eg, vitamin A). Our calculations allow for cooking losses. While the foods can be eaten raw, some foods taste better cooked. In the event that the electricity or gas supply fails, a gas cylinder to fuel a barbeque might make eating more enjoyable.
    In Australia, most people have adequate money and storage space to build up their own store of foods. For those who do not, federal, state and local governments should consider a plan to construct food stockpiles across the country.
    Further suggestions, recipes and guidelines are given on our website (http://www.foodlifeboat.com.au). This is a university-linked, not-for-profit initiative, developed by dietitians and public health nutritionists.
    1 The food ?lifeboat? for one person for 10 weeks
    <table align="center" width="480"><tbody><tr><td>
    </td></tr><tr><td> All the foods listed in Box 2 in the quantities required are displayed. Food courtesy of Woolworths Pty Ltd.
    </td></tr></tbody></table>
    2 Suggested food list of a daily ration for one person (providing 9 MJ per day) and purchase list for 10 weeks
    <table> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">Food
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">g/day
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">kg/person for 10 weeks
    </td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="16" valign="baseline"><hr color="#003399" noshade="noshade"></td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Milk powder, full-fat, dry*
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 65
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 4.6
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Weet-Bix,? regular (breakfast cereal)
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 30
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Pasta, regular, dry
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Instant noodles
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Rice
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 25
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.8
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Dehydrated potato flakes
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 15
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Tortilla
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Biscuit, savoury
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 15
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Biscuit, wholemeal
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Oil, canola
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Powdered soup
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Sweet chilli sauce
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Tomato concentrate
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Tuna, canned
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 60
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 4.2
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> SPAM,? regular (luncheon meat)
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 40
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.8
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Lentils, dry
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Peas, green, canned
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Three beans mix
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 50
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 3.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Baked beans, canned in tomato sauce
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Corn, canned
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 50
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 3.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Sun-dried tomatoes
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Milo? (beverage base)
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Seaweed, dried
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Raisins
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 30
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Honey
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.7
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Almonds
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Apricots, dried, raw
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 20
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.4
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Juice, carrot
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 50
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 3.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Juice, orange
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 50
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 3.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Vegemite? (yeast extract)
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Chocolate
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 30
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.1
    </td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr><td colspan="16" valign="baseline"><hr color="#003399" noshade="noshade"></td></tr><tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="3" valign="baseline"> * In case of lactose intolerance, the intake of dry milk powder may be replaced by soy protein powder. Alternatively, the milk may be fermented. ? Sanitarium Australia, Sydney, NSW. ? Hormel Foods Corporation, Austin, Minn, USA. ? Nestl? Australia, Sydney, NSW. ? Kraft Foods Limited, Melbourne VIC.
    Total daily ration provides 80 g protein and 80 g fat comprising 24 g saturated fat (31% of fat intake and 10% of energy intake), 20 g polyunsaturated fat (22% of fat intake) and 36 g monounsaturated fat (47% of fat intake). The daily cholesterol intake is 101 mg. Energy intake is 16% from protein, 34% from fat and 50% from carbohydrate. Recommended intakes of all essential nutrients are provided for women and men, except for folate (which is not adequate for women of childbearing age, so a folate supplement might be considered).
    The cost of this diet for 10 weeks for one person is about $500. The most expensive items are milk powder, Weet-Bix,? SPAM,? and chocolate.
    </td> </tr> </tfoot> </table>
    3 A list of simple dry foods that will cover basic energy needs (9 MJ per day) and most nutrients for one person, assuming multivitamin tablets are provided, and a purchase list for 10 weeks
    <table> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">Food
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">g/day
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="bottom">kg/person for 10 weeks
    </td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="16" valign="baseline"><hr color="#003399" noshade="noshade"></td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Wheat flour, wholemeal, plain
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 150
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 10.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Oats, raw
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 100
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 7.0
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Oil, canola
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 25
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 1.8
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Milk powder, dry*
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 65
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 4.6
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Lentils, dry
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 30
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Peas, split, green/yellow, dry
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 40
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.8
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Noodles, dry
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 50
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 3.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Vegemite? (yeast extract)
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 0.1
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Fruit, mixed, dried
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 35
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.5
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Almonds, raw
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 40
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> 2.8
    </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> Multivitamin?mineral supplement
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> One tablet
    </td> <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" valign="baseline"> One box
    </td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr><td colspan="16" valign="baseline"><hr color="#003399" noshade="noshade"></td></tr><tr> <td rowspan="1" colspan="3" valign="baseline"> * In case of lactose intolerance, the intake of dry milk powder may be replaced by soy protein powder. Alternatively, the milk may be fermented. ? Kraft Foods Limited, Melbourne VIC.
    Total daily ration provides 80 g protein and 76 g fat comprising 15 g saturated fat (20% of fat intake and 6% of energy intake), 20 g polyunsaturated fat (26% of fat intake) and 41 g monounsaturated fat (54% of fat intake). The daily cholesterol intake is 43 mg. Energy intake is 16% from protein, 32% from fat and 52% from carbohydrate.
    Vitamins C and A would have to be taken as supplements. Otherwise, recommended intakes of all essential nutrients are provided for women and men, except for folate (which is not adequate for women of childbearing age, so a folate supplement might be considered) and iron (which is provided at a lower level than recommended).
    In addition, about 2 litres of water per person per day would be required.
    This diet costs about $250 for one person for 10 weeks. The most expensive items are dry milk powder and noodles. These food items could be packed in airtight packages filled with inert gas of a few kilograms per package, and stored in food stores throughout the country.
    </td> </tr> </tfoot> </table>


    Competing interestsNone identified.

    Author detailsAnna Haug, PhD, Visiting Associate Professor1Jennie C Brand-Miller, BSc, PhD, FAIFST, Professor of Human Nutrition1Olav A Christophersen, Medical Student2Jennifer McArthur, MHPEd, APD, Dietitian1Flavia Fayet, BSc, MNutrDiet, PhD Candidate1Stewart Truswell, MD, FFPHM, FRACP, Emeritus Professor11 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.
    2 Ragnhild Schibbyes, Oslo, Norway.
    Correspondence: J.BrandmillerATmmb.usyd.edu.au

    References
    1. Weiss H, Bradley RS. What drives societal collapse? Science 2001; 291: 609-610.
    2. World Health Organization. Influenza research at the human and animal interface. Report of a WHO working group. Geneva: WHO, 2006. http://www.who.int/csr/resources/pub...IP_2006_3C.pdf (accessed Mar 2007).
    3. Duerr HP, Brockmann SO, Piechotowski I, et al. Influenza pandemic intervention planning using InfluSim: pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical interventions. BMC Infect Dis 2007; 7: 76-90.
    4. Chiang JC, Koutavas A. Climate change: tropical flip-flop connections. Nature 2004; 432: 684-685.
    5. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, National Health and Medical Research Council, New Zealand Ministry of Health. Nutrient reference values for Australia and New Zealand including recommended dietary intakes. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2006. http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/publications..._files/n35.pdf (accessed Jun 2007).
    (Received 27 Mar 2007, accepted 11 Sep 2007)


    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Stock food for flu outbreak

      FluTrackers has been recommending a 90 day supply of food and essential supplies since May 27th of 2006.

      http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...74&postcount=5


      It is hard to accumulate this but it can be done bit by bit.

      Start with a couple of extra items every time you go to the grocery store. L

      Comment


      • #4
        Re: Stock food for flu outbreak

        It is nice to see someone 'gets it'.

        While they cover supply chain breakdown and fuel shortages they do not cover disruption to the water supply or disruption to the supply of continuous clean drinkable water. Boiling water consumes a lot of fuel, chlorine is cheap, please checkout the recommendations on making water potable in the preps section.

        Comment


        • #5
          Re: Stock food for flu outbreak

          Kudos to Australia! I hope other governments now step up their suggested food supplies. Another alternative for water purification is a drip filtration system. The ceramic filters can purify water down to less than a micron now.
          Please do not ask me for medical advice, I am not a medical doctor.

          Avatar is a painting by Alan Pollack, titled, "Plague". I'm sure it was an accident that the plague girl happened to look almost like my twin.
          Thank you,
          Shannon Bennett

          Comment


          • #6
            Re: Stock food for flu outbreak

            Stockpile food for flu crisis



            Clair Weaver
            December 16, 2007 12:00am

            <!-- Split page --> <!-- Lead Content Panel --> EVERY Australian household should stockpile at least 10 weeks' worth of food rations to prepare for a deadly flu pandemic, a panel of leading nutritionists has warned.

            World health experts now agree a pandemic is inevitable and will spread rapidly, wiping out up to 7.4 million people globally and triggering rapid food shortages.

            Australia is expected to be among the first countries hit because of its proximity to Asia and high levels of international traffic.

            But Woolworths and Coles, the nation's two major supermarket chains, will run out of stock within two to four weeks without a supply chain ? or even faster if shoppers panic.

            This has prompted a team of leading nutritionists and dietitians from the University of Sydney to compile "food lifeboat" guidelines to cover people's nutritional needs for at least 10 weeks.

            Their advice ? published in the Medical Journal of Australia ? would allow citizens to stay inside their homes and avoid contact with infected people until a vaccine becomes available.

            The lifeboat includes affordable long-life staples such as rice, biscuits, milk powder, Vegemite, canned tuna, chocolate, lentils, Milo and Weet-Bix.
            Jennie Brand-Miller, professor of human nutrition at the University of Sydney and co-leader of the study, believes it is common sense to stockpile food before a pandemic strikes.

            "It's really not a question of if: it's a question of when," she said.
            "We are going to have an epidemic. Chances are it will be avian flu (bird flu) but it might be something else.

            "It will spread very rapidly just like flu does normally because it's a highly contagious organism, except this will be a really lethal one. What we suffer from is a false sense of security that someone else is looking after all this."
            While there are emergency plans within governments, hospitals and the food industry, individuals will still need to take personal precautions in a disaster, she said.

            The most important message for the Australian public is to avoid going out in public when the pandemic hits, the research found.

            "We know that once it becomes a highly transmissable virus it will probably fly around the world within three weeks," Prof Brand-Miller said.

            "We know it's got all the right conditions to start in Indonesia or Asia and there have already been human transmissions.http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,22929648-5007190,00.html
            "In the beginning of change, the patriot is a scarce man (or woman https://flutrackers.com/forum/core/i...ilies/wink.png), and brave, and hated and scorned. When his cause succeeds, the timid join him, for it then costs nothing to be a patriot."- Mark TwainReason obeys itself; and ignorance submits to whatever is dictated to it. -Thomas Paine

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