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http://vir.sgmjournals.org/content/9.../1356.abstract
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A third gyrovirus species in human faeces
Tung G. Phan1,2,
Linlin Li1,2,
Miguel G. O?Ryan3,
Hector Cortes3,
Nora Mamani3,
Isidore J. O. Bonkoungou4,
Chunling Wang5,
Christian M. Leutenegger6 and
Eric Delwart1,2
+ Author Affiliations
1Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
3Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
4Laboratoire National de Sant? Publique, 09 BP 24, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
5Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
6IDEXX Reference Laboratories, West Sacramento, CA 95605, USA
Correspondence
Eric Delwart [
Received 3 February 2012.
Accepted 7 March 2012.
Abstract
Until 2011 the genus Gyrovirus in the family Circoviridae consisted of a single virus (Chicken anemia virus or CAV) causing a common immunosuppressive disease in chickens when a second gyrovirus (HGyV) was reported on the skin of 4 % of healthy humans. HGyV is very closely related to a recently described chicken gyrovirus, AGV2, suggesting that they belong to the same viral species. During a viral metagenomic analysis of 100 human faeces from children with diarrhoea in Chile we identified multiple known human pathogens (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, astroviruses, sapoviruses, noroviruses, parechoviruses and rotaviruses) and a novel gyrovirus species we named GyV3 sharing <63 % similarity with other gyrovirus proteins with evidence of recombination with CAV in its UTR. Gyroviridae consensus PCR revealed a high prevalence of CAV DNA in diarrhoea and normal faeces from Chilean children and faeces of USA cats and dogs, which may reflect consumption of CAV-infected/vaccinated chickens. Whether GyV3 can infect humans and/or chickens requires further studies.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are JQ308210 and JQ308213?JQ308214.
[snip]
When muscle tissues from chickens bought in USA stores
(San Francisco, CA) (Li et al., 2010a) were tested all 21
(100 %) were positive for CAV. This finding was in line
with a previous report of a high rate of CAV-specific
antibody in USA chicken sera (Toro et al., 2006) and the
frequent use of CAV vaccination in USA chickens using
attenuated viral strains. Faecal samples from dogs and cats
with diarrhoea from the USA were also tested. Thirty-seven
per cent of dog samples (13/35) and 13% of cat samples (2/
15) were positive for CAV. Because chicken meat is
frequently a component of prepared pet foods a dietary
source of CAV in these companion animals is also possible..
Tung G. Phan1,2,
Linlin Li1,2,
Miguel G. O?Ryan3,
Hector Cortes3,
Nora Mamani3,
Isidore J. O. Bonkoungou4,
Chunling Wang5,
Christian M. Leutenegger6 and
Eric Delwart1,2
+ Author Affiliations
1Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
3Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
4Laboratoire National de Sant? Publique, 09 BP 24, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
5Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
6IDEXX Reference Laboratories, West Sacramento, CA 95605, USA
Correspondence
Eric Delwart [
Received 3 February 2012.
Accepted 7 March 2012.
Abstract
Until 2011 the genus Gyrovirus in the family Circoviridae consisted of a single virus (Chicken anemia virus or CAV) causing a common immunosuppressive disease in chickens when a second gyrovirus (HGyV) was reported on the skin of 4 % of healthy humans. HGyV is very closely related to a recently described chicken gyrovirus, AGV2, suggesting that they belong to the same viral species. During a viral metagenomic analysis of 100 human faeces from children with diarrhoea in Chile we identified multiple known human pathogens (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, astroviruses, sapoviruses, noroviruses, parechoviruses and rotaviruses) and a novel gyrovirus species we named GyV3 sharing <63 % similarity with other gyrovirus proteins with evidence of recombination with CAV in its UTR. Gyroviridae consensus PCR revealed a high prevalence of CAV DNA in diarrhoea and normal faeces from Chilean children and faeces of USA cats and dogs, which may reflect consumption of CAV-infected/vaccinated chickens. Whether GyV3 can infect humans and/or chickens requires further studies.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are JQ308210 and JQ308213?JQ308214.
[snip]
When muscle tissues from chickens bought in USA stores
(San Francisco, CA) (Li et al., 2010a) were tested all 21
(100 %) were positive for CAV. This finding was in line
with a previous report of a high rate of CAV-specific
antibody in USA chicken sera (Toro et al., 2006) and the
frequent use of CAV vaccination in USA chickens using
attenuated viral strains. Faecal samples from dogs and cats
with diarrhoea from the USA were also tested. Thirty-seven
per cent of dog samples (13/35) and 13% of cat samples (2/
15) were positive for CAV. Because chicken meat is
frequently a component of prepared pet foods a dietary
source of CAV in these companion animals is also possible..