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does this mean we can stop worrying so much........?
No, it means that this is indeed a new strain and nobody is likely to have much immunity to it. And mamma's post says that it is likely to spread on surfaces better than most strains. But whether it has legs, that is, whether it can spread efficiently while maintaining its nastiness, is a different issue that we basically have to watch and wait to find out. And I'm not happy that nasal swabs might not be working as expected, which may mean a lot of cases are being missed. We know it makes a difference in birds which end you swab.
On the contrary, the fact that all of the California sequences have a Lysine at position 627 of the PB2 segment is fantastic news. Years of research would suggest that the California virus does not replicate well in the cooler temperatures of the upper respiratory system. Perhaps that is why we are seeing patients complain of nausea, vommiting and diarrhea. This thing replicates better in the digestive tract?
Suggests perhaps that the virus is more transmittable through touch and contaminated surfaces than coughs and sneezes. Might also suggest that the best way to detect the virus in a suspect patient is through anal swabs rather than nasal swabs. Virus loads in the intestines probably greater than the respiratory tract.
Now, what about the other sequences, particullary Mexico, where we have a large number of deaths. Is the E627K mutation present?
So this discovery might suggest extra precautions by food handlers? That might also explain why areas with inadequate sanitation would spread the virus.
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"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
So this discovery might suggest extra precautions by food handlers? That might also explain why areas with inadequate sanitation would spread the virus.
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Yes, and that could also explain why the CDC has been recommending hand washing, and downplaying the usefulness of surgical masks and N95 respirators.
Previous pandemic viruses and our seasonal flu viruses have the E627K mutation from the wild state. From the posted sequences at GenBank, this virus does not. I am just thrilled with this news, but am trying to restrain myself as the H5N1 (Qinhai strain) was able to rid itself of the Lysine at 627.
We should also be pleased that the HA segment does not have multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site. Based on existing research, this would suggest that we should not see rapid failure of multiple organs in severe human cases. All good news so far.
it may be more similar in practical terms to Norovirus, which would explain why schools are being victims - except influenza will probably mutate far more - picking up polymorphisms from circulating seasonal H1N1.
Cruise ships, rest homes, etc. best beware.
What about NS1/92???
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"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
it may be more similar in practical terms to Norovirus, which would explain why schools are being victims - except influenza will probably mutate far more.
Cruise ships, rest homes, etc. best beware.
What about NS1/92???
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Exactly correct. Perhaps also, similar to Hepatitis. Maybe more likely to get this bug off of toilet tissue in public restrooms than from someone coughing on the subway.
I haven't an opportunity to get to NS1 yet, but the other good news confirmed by CDC testing is the sensitivity to Tamiflu. The NA segment does not show the mutations that allow the virus to resist Tamiflu. However, we have seen how this can quickly change. Judicial use of this antiviral is in order.
Good point. Time to get out that bottle of organic produce wash.
It may also explain why Canada wants health exams for Mexican workers, but any food worker should now take extra precautions.
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"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
I have commented in the 'Swine flu - basic information' and in response to question that I thought it very unlikely that the the H1N1 component of the seasonal flu shot would provide any worthwhile protection against our new pandemic candidate.
As the bulk of the antigenic sites are on HA & NA and of these HA is the more important I thought this radial phylogenic tree generated by BLASTing the HA in A/California/04/2009(H1N1) might be of interst. The HA is plotted against its 100 closest relatives in the database and while you will not be able to read the text I hope you will be able to see that A/California/04/2009(H1N1) (at the top with a yellow highlight) is 'out on a limb' even among its cousins. I will try and work out how to re do this with a few of those from this screen and A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1) which is the seasonal vaccine H1 component and I expect to see it as being a long way of target.
The tree below has the vaccine selection A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1) at the top, very much on its own, the next block are all very close matches and are the new sequences from CA & TX (no Mexican sequences yet but we are told they match CA/TX) and the bottom block are some of the closest matches in Genebank (4 swine & 1 avian,dates form 1999-2005, from the US and China).
Last edited by JJackson; April 28, 2009, 09:44 AM.
Reason: Added the second image
The NS segment of both the California and Texas sequence looks nothing like any H1N1 seasonal flu virus, 1918 pandemic virus, or H5N1 for that matter. Position 92 unremarkable with an aspartic acid (D) present.
Any history at all on aspartic acid at that location?
It could be the "Typhoid Mary" of the influenza world.
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"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
Recent history has been showing epigenetic changes to immune systems of other species....something like this may be the cause.
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"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
On the contrary, the fact that all of the California sequences have a Lysine at position 627 of the PB2 segment is fantastic news. Years of research would suggest that the California virus does not replicate well in the cooler temperatures of the upper respiratory system. Perhaps that is why we are seeing patients complain of nausea, vommiting and diarrhea. This thing replicates better in the digestive tract?
Suggests perhaps that the virus is more transmittable through touch and contaminated surfaces than coughs and sneezes. Might also suggest that the best way to detect the virus in a suspect patient is through anal swabs rather than nasal swabs. Virus loads in the intestines probably greater than the respiratory tract.
Now, what about the other sequences, particullary Mexico, where we have a large number of deaths. Is the E627K mutation present?
E627K is mammalian (not a "mutation"). Swine is mammalian.
Yes, and that could also explain why the CDC has been recommending hand washing, and downplaying the usefulness of surgical masks and N95 respirators.
Previous pandemic viruses and our seasonal flu viruses have the E627K mutation from the wild state. From the posted sequences at GenBank, this virus does not. I am just thrilled with this news, but am trying to restrain myself as the H5N1 (Qinhai strain) was able to rid itself of the Lysine at 627.
We should also be pleased that the HA segment does not have multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site. Based on existing research, this would suggest that we should not see rapid failure of multiple organs in severe human cases. All good news so far.
Any history at all on aspartic acid at that location?
It could be the "Typhoid Mary" of the influenza world.
.
Pig virus with Aspartic Acid (D) at position 92 of NS1 have been found to be less virulent than with Glutamic Acid (E) at that position. However, many H5N1 viruses have Aspartic Acid, so there are likely multiple factors at play.
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