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J Virol. 2010 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print]
Swine influenza H1N1 virus induces acute inflammatory immune responses in pig lungs: a potential animal model for human H1N1 influenza virus.
Khatri M, Dwivedi V, Krakowka S, Manickam C, Ali A, Wang L, Qin Z, Renukaradhya GJ, Lee CW.
Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, United States; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China 250023; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Abstract
Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the avian and mammalian influenza viruses can infect pig epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. The source of current influenza pandemic is H1N1 influenza A virus, possibly of swine origin. This study was conducted to understand better the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza virus and associated host mucosal immune responses during acute infection in humans. Therefore, we chose a H1N1 swine influenza virus Sw/OH/24366/07 (SwIV) which has a history of transmission to humans. Clinically, inoculated pigs had nasal discharge, fever, and shed virus through nasal secretions. Like pandemic H1N1, SwIV also replicated extensively in both the upper and lower respiratory tract, and lung lesions were typical of H1N1 infection. We detected innate, pro-inflammatory, Th1, Th2, and Th3 cytokines, as well as SwIV-specific IgA antibody in lungs of the virus-inoculated pigs. Production of IFN-gamma by lymphocytes of the tracheobronchial lymph nodes was also detected. Higher frequencies of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, gammadelta T cells, dendritic cells, activated T cells, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were detected in SwIV-infected pig lungs. Concomitantly, higher frequencies of the immunosupppressive T regulatory cells were also detected in the virus-infected pig lungs. The findings of this study have relevance to pathogenesis of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in humans, thus pigs may serve as a useful animal model to design and test effective mucosal vaccines and therapeutics against influenza virus.
PMID: 20719941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Swine influenza H1N1 virus induces acute inflammatory immune responses in pig lungs: a potential animal model for human H1N1 influenza virus.
Khatri M, Dwivedi V, Krakowka S, Manickam C, Ali A, Wang L, Qin Z, Renukaradhya GJ, Lee CW.
Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, United States; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China 250023; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Abstract
Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the avian and mammalian influenza viruses can infect pig epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. The source of current influenza pandemic is H1N1 influenza A virus, possibly of swine origin. This study was conducted to understand better the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza virus and associated host mucosal immune responses during acute infection in humans. Therefore, we chose a H1N1 swine influenza virus Sw/OH/24366/07 (SwIV) which has a history of transmission to humans. Clinically, inoculated pigs had nasal discharge, fever, and shed virus through nasal secretions. Like pandemic H1N1, SwIV also replicated extensively in both the upper and lower respiratory tract, and lung lesions were typical of H1N1 infection. We detected innate, pro-inflammatory, Th1, Th2, and Th3 cytokines, as well as SwIV-specific IgA antibody in lungs of the virus-inoculated pigs. Production of IFN-gamma by lymphocytes of the tracheobronchial lymph nodes was also detected. Higher frequencies of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, gammadelta T cells, dendritic cells, activated T cells, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were detected in SwIV-infected pig lungs. Concomitantly, higher frequencies of the immunosupppressive T regulatory cells were also detected in the virus-infected pig lungs. The findings of this study have relevance to pathogenesis of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in humans, thus pigs may serve as a useful animal model to design and test effective mucosal vaccines and therapeutics against influenza virus.
PMID: 20719941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
