France reports 2nd mainland dengue infection: ministry

[Gert van der Hoek]

excerpt


France reports first mainland dengue infection: ministry

(AFP) ?

PARIS ? France reported a first case of dengue fever infection on its mainland Monday, in the southern city of Nice, and is trying to kill mosquitoes which might be carrying the deadly disease in the area.

The health ministry said it could not exclude an epidemic, and authorities have asked residents to take measures such as using mosquito nets and removing places where mosquito larvae can grow.

"This is an isolated case and no other has yet been noticed. The patient is better and in good health," the ministry said in a statement.

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports first mainland dengue infection: ministry

A report from Eurosurveillance:

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 10, 11 March 2010

YELLOW FEVER AND DENGUE: A THREAT TO EUROPE?

Full report

excerpt

The future in Europe

Dengue is essentially an urban disease because of the urban ecology of its vectors and the behaviour of its hosts. Rapid urbanisation has made it an increasingly serious public health problem in the tropics [48]. Millions of people travel from the tropics to Europe and North America each year (for example, 1.2 million people who live in the UK visit the Indian subcontinent, with average stays of 29 days) and, after malaria, dengue infection is the second most frequent reason for hospitalisation after their return [11,12].

The history of dengue and yellow fever in Europe is evidence that conditions are already suitable for transmission. The establishment of Ae. albopictus has made this possible, and the possibility will increase as the species expands northwards, or if Ae. aegypti is re-established.

The epidemic of chikungunya in northern Italy in 2007 [8,49] confirms that Ae. albopictus is capable of supporting epidemic transmission, although laboratory studies indicate that the strain of virus involved was particularly adapted to this species [50,51].

Nevertheless, it is not unreasonable to assume that climatic conditions that permit malaria transmission will also support transmission of yellow fever and dengue, in which case transmission could extend into northern Europe [52].

Lastly, it is widely stated that the incidence of vector-borne diseases will increase if global temperatures increase. While there is no doubt that temperature and rainfall play a role in their transmission, it is clear that many other factors are involved [6].

A more urgent emerging problem is the quantum leap in the mobility of vectors and pathogens that has taken place in the past four decades, a direct result of the revolution of transport technologies and global travel [53]. The potential impact of this globalisation of vector-borne diseases is a challenge for the future.

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports first mainland dengue infection: ministry

The patient found recently in France is not the first locally infected dengue patient in Europe. Long ago several epidemics were reported.
After World War II the use of DDT was very succesfull in eliminating mosquito's . So we forgot all about dengue, yellow fever and malaria in Europe.


Lessons from the Greek dengue epidemic of 1927-1928

Abstract

Epidemics of dengue have occurred in Greece in 1881, 1889, 1895-1897 and 1910, but the outbreak which has affected this country in 1927-1928 has been of a peculiar severity and geographic extension. More than one million inhabitants were sick and about 1500 died.

The outbreak extended to the whole Greek territory and evolved in two epidemics waves. The first one occurred during the second half of 1927, was not very extensive and relatively benign. The second wave, explosive, started on July 1928, reached its summit in August and then declined until November.

During this second part of the outbreak severe clinical events were identified, such as hemorrhagic, neurological or renal disorders, along with infections during pregnancy.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti was the alone vector of the disease and dengue type 1 virus was the main etiological agent both in 1927 and 1928. The eventual activity of the dengue type 2 virus and its possible role in the pathogenesis of severe clinical forms of dengue, during 1928, remains unclear.

Relatively speaking, it is possible to parallel this "historical" outbreak with the recent epidemic episode which appeared in 2007 in the Ravenne's area in northern Italy. This outbreak was caused by the Chikungunya virus after its importation from southern India by an infected traveller. There were 249 autochthonous registered cases but no severity nor death was observed.

The local vector was Aedes albopictus, an invasive mosquito of Asian origin which has progressively invaded a number of European countries including France. Thus, Europe is now at risk to the emergence of outbreaks caused by "exotic" viruses imported by travellers returning from other parts of the world.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19718899

[Anne]

Re: France reports first mainland dengue infection: ministry

Thank you Dutchy about the Greek dengue epidemic

automatic translation

http://www.lereseausantesocial.fr/outils-pratiques/veille-sanitaire/

The first indigenous case of dengue fever in France was confirmed

September 10, 2010 in Nice (Alpes-Maritimes). It is an isolated case
no further cases have been reported to date. The patient is cured and in good health.

For information, under the monitoring device and Laboratory confirmation " snip" implemented in the departments at
risk (departments where the mosquito Aedes albopictus is present: Alpes-
Maritimes, Var, Bouches-du-Rhone, southern Corsica, Haute-Corse and Alpes de
Haute Provence ( Entrevaux)) 108 imported cases of dengue were
confirmed between May 1 (start date of seasonal monitoring )
and September 10, 2010.

To prevent any further spread of the virus, according to
National anti-dissemination plan of dengue and chikungunya, the measures
of entomological and epidemiological surveillance will be strengthened. In
particular, shares of mosquito control have been implemented around
area of residence of the affected. person . The risk of developing
an epidemic is considered to be limited but can not be excluded,
due to the significant presence of the tiger mosquito locally.

You may be asked to do in consultation with people
symptoms suggestive of dengue
(Http://www.invs.sante.fr/surveillanc.../am_dengue.htm). In
departments where the mosquito Aedes albopictus is present, a device
reporting of suspected cases and laboratory confirmation has been
place. In addition to increased vigilance in the Alpes-Maritimes,
behavior in cases of suspected cases of dengue and chikungunya
unchanged. Reporting tools and sample cases
suspected dengue or chikungunya are available on the website
the Institute for Public Health at the following link (under "Reporting
suspected dengue cases in the metropolitan departments with
implementation of the mosquito vector ":

http://www.invs.sante.fr/surveillance/dengue/default.htm

Additional information on:

http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/la-dengue-information-prevention-

historique.html
and: http://www.invs.sante.fr

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports first mainland dengue infection: ministry

from ECDC


Dengue fever in France

16 Sep 2010

On 13 September 2010, the French Ministry of Health reported the first case of dengue fever from autochthonous transmission in metropolitan France. The case resided in Nice and developed symptoms in August 2010, but has since fully recovered. Laboratory tests confirmed dengue infection in early September.

This event is not unexpected in the southern part of the country which has a high number of imported dengue cases from other dengue-endemic areas each year and where Aedes albopictus, a known, but less efficient vector of dengue virus than Aedes aegypti, is established.

Even so it is an important public health event as it is the first time that autochthonous natural transmission of dengue virus has been reported in continental Europe since 1927-1928 when large dengue outbreaks occurred in Greece.

In response to this event, the French authorities have strengthened epidemiological and entomological surveillance in the Department of Alpes-Maritimes, vector control is being implemented in the area around the residence of the reported case and communication campaigns for the general public and health workers are in place. No further cases have been reported so far.

Dengue is a vector-borne disease which is usually transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitoes. Mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti have usually been implicated in large outbreaks, but Aedes albopictus is also known to transmit the virus to humans. The disease presents as an acute illness with symptoms including fever, headache and body pains and affects persons of all ages. In a small proportion of cases it can develop into a hemorrhagic form, sometimes leading to death.

ECDC fact sheet for health professionals on dengue fever.

ECDC Aedes albopictus distribution maps.

Other public sources:
a) Institut Veille Sanitaire: Dengue general
b) Aedes albopictus distribution in France

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports 2nd mainland dengue infection: ministry

A second case "local" Dengue in Nice

September 19, 2010

The newspaper Nice-Matin announced, the detection of a second case "not imported" dengue in Nice has been confirmed by authorities.

This means that the patient was bitten on the spot by a tiger mosquito carrying the dengue virus.

This is a young man of 18, hospitalized but recovering.

This person lives in the same area as the first case detected, the contamination was announced here five days ago.

More: http://www.maxisciences.com/dengue/u..._mrm34511.html

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports 2nd mainland dengue infection: ministry

Edit: link to press release Department of Health (in French).

machinetranslated

The two patients with dengue in France "going well"

The Ministry of Health strengthens monitoring.

The Department of Health confirmed Sunday, September 19 "the presence of a second indigenous case of dengue fever in France, Nice (Alpes-Maritimes) ", indicating that the patients were" good. "

"This is currently only a limited number of cases located in a defined geographical area," the ministry said in a statement. "However, state services are mobilized to prevent the spread of the virus, which alone could cause an epidemic."

The ministry said "the implementation of control measures and prevention of local responsibility, at this stage of the Regional Agency for Health Paca, the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes and local communities."

The department announced that "it was decided to strengthen the measures already in place for monitoring epidemiological and entomological (that is to say mosquito), and mosquito control measures around the area residence of people. "


Read more:

http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/actualite/monde/20100920.OBS0087/les-deux-patients-atteints-de-dengue-en-france-vont-bien.html

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports 2nd mainland dengue infection: ministry

Another suspected case in Lyon; another location than the first two cases; not confirmed yet.

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Lyon: un cas de chikungunya ou de dengue?
Lundi 20 Septembre &#224; 07:29
Une patiente doit passer des examens aujourd'hui &#224; l'h&#244;pital de la Croix Rousse, &#224; Lyon.

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D’apr&#232;s la pr&#233;fecture, le cas n’est pas encore av&#233;r&#233;.
Cette femme de 38 ans aurait &#233;t&#233; piqu&#233;e par un moustique &#224; Manissieux, dans le Rh&#244;ne.
Pour l’instant, seulement 2 cas de dengue non import&#233;s ont &#233;t&#233; officiellement d&#233;clar&#233;s en France. Ces deux patients qui ont contract&#233; la maladie sur le sol fran&#231;ais vivent dans le m&#234;me quartier de Nice.

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thanks to Lili

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: France reports 2nd mainland dengue infection: ministry

The suspect case in Lyon region is tested negative; both for dengue and chikungunya.


Ni dengue ni chikungunya dans la r&#233;gion

21.09.2010

Nous relations dans nos &#233;ditions de dimanche une suspicion de cas de dengue ou de chikungunya chez une habitante de Saint-Priest piqu&#233;e il y a quelques jours par des moustiques.

Selon l'Agence r&#233;gionale de sant&#233;, &#171; des examens ont &#233;t&#233; pratiqu&#233;s (hier) afin de confirmer ou non cette &#233;ventualit&#233; &#187;.

Les r&#233;sultats re&#231;us hier soir &#171; sont n&#233;gatifs pour ces deux virus. Il s'agit d'une affection sans rapport avec ces pathologies &#187;, indique l'ARS dans un communiqu&#233;.

http://www.leprogres.fr/fr/permalien/article/3821184/Ni-dengue-ni-chikungunya-dans-la-region.html