H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

[Pathfinder]

Credit: Vibrant62

Bird flu epidemic overshadows Chinese New Year

Xinhua, January 15, 2014

As millions of Chinese prepare to return to their hometowns for Spring Festival, the challenges of containing the latest H7N9 bird flu epidemic have come sharply into focus.

Health authorities are deeply concerned by the resurgent epidemic, with about twenty new cases reported in the first two weeks of 2014, mostly in eastern costal regions...

The virus is more active in winter and spring, and high density transportation in coaches, trains and aircraft could create "favorable circumstances" for the epidemic to spread, according to Li Lanjuan of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Li is China's leading researcher on bird flu and a member of the H7N9 prevention and control group. She warns that the virus might be spread by migrants returning to their, mainly rural, homes from developed eastern regions.
...
NEW H7N9 SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

Results of research by a Chinese team published in the Lancet, have established that variation of an amino acid on the H7 gene has made the H7N9 strain more infectious to mammals.

"On the PB2 gene, we have found another variation in a key amino acid. One more variation of a specified amino acid, and human-to-human transmission will become much more likely," said Liang, indicating his extremely high concern over the possibility.

The team recently identified a new partial variation in the virus, demonstrating its capacity to adapt to its environment.

"It has increased the risk of human-to-human transmission and brought more difficulty in treatment," Liang added.

"In spite of this, there is no reason to panic. We can confirm that the H7N9 flu virus has not shown scaled variation and human-to-human transmission," said Gao Hainyu, a member of the team drafting a thesis on the new results.
...
Full text:

http://www.china.org.cn/china/2014-01/15/content_31203741.htm

[Giuseppe]

Re: H7N9 bird flu epidemic overshadows Chinese New Year

See the paper:

Source: The Lancet, full page: http://www.thelancet.com/journals/la...a2=socialmedia

The Lancet, Volume 381, Issue 9881, Pages 1916 - 1925, 1 June 2013

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60903-4

Published Online: 25 April 2013

Copyright ? 2013 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

Human infections with the emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus from wet market poultry: clinical analysis and characterisation of viral genome

Yu Chen MD a b ?, Weifeng Liang MD a b ?, Shigui Yang PhD a b ?, Nanping Wu PhD a b ?, Hainv Gao MD a b, Jifang Sheng MD a b, Hangping Yao PhD a b, Jianer Wo PhD a b, Qiang Fang MD a, Dawei Cui PhD a, Yongcheng Li MD c, Xing Yao MD d, Yuntao Zhang MD a, Haibo Wu PhD a b, Shufa Zheng PhD a, Hongyan Diao PhD a b, Shichang Xia MD e, Yanjun Zhang PhD e, Kwok-**** Chan PhD f, Hoi-Wah Tsoi MPhil f, Jade Lee-Lee Teng PhD f, Wenjun Song PhD f, Pui Wang PhD f, Siu-Ying Lau MPhil f, Min Zheng MPhil f, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan FRCPath f, Kelvin Kai-Wang To FRCPath f, Honglin Chen PhD b f, Prof Lanjuan Li MD a b, Prof Kwok-Yung Yuen MD b f


Summary

Background

Human infection with avian influenza A H7N9 virus emerged in eastern China in February, 2013, and has been associated with exposure to poultry. We report the clinical and microbiological features of patients infected with influenza A H7N9 virus and compare genomic features of the human virus with those of the virus in market poultry in Zhejiang, China.


Methods

Between March 7 and April 8, 2013, we included hospital inpatients if they had new-onset respiratory symptoms, unexplained radiographic infiltrate, and laboratory-confirmed H7N9 virus infection. We recorded histories and results of haematological, biochemical, radiological, and microbiological investigations. We took throat and sputum samples, used RT-PCR to detect M, H7, and N9 genes, and cultured samples in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. We tested for co-infections and monitored serum concentrations of six cytokines and chemokines. We collected cloacal swabs from 86 birds from epidemiologically linked wet markets and inoculated embryonated chicken eggs with the samples. We identified and subtyped isolates by RT-PCR sequencing. RNA extraction, complementary DNA synthesis, and PCR sequencing were done for one human and one chicken isolate. We characterised and phylogenetically analysed the eight gene segments of the viruses in the patient's and the chicken's isolates, and constructed phylogenetic trees of H, N, PB2, and NS genes.


Findings

We identified four patients (mean age 56 years), all of whom had contact with poultry 3?8 days before disease onset. They presented with fever and rapidly progressive pneumonia that did not respond to antibiotics. Patients were leucopenic and lymphopenic, and had impaired liver or renal function, substantially increased serum cytokine or chemokine concentrations, and disseminated intravascular coagulation with disease progression. Two patients died. Sputum specimens were more likely to test positive for the H7N9 virus than were samples from throat swabs. The viral isolate from the patient was closely similar to that from an epidemiologically linked market chicken. All viral gene segments were of avian origin. The H7 of the isolated viruses was closest to that of the H7N3 virus from domestic ducks in Zhejiang, whereas the N9 was closest to that of the wild bird H7N9 virus in South Korea. We noted Gln226Leu and Gly186Val substitutions in human virus H7 (associated with increased affinity for α-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors) and the PB2 Asp701Asn mutation (associated with mammalian adaptation). Ser31Asn mutation, which is associated with adamantane resistance, was noted in viral M2.


Interpretation

Cross species poultry-to-person transmission of this new reassortant H7N9 virus is associated with severe pneumonia and multiorgan dysfunction in human beings. Monitoring of the viral evolution and further study of disease pathogenesis will improve disease management, epidemic control, and pandemic preparedness.


Funding

Larry Chi-Kin Yung, National Key Program for Infectious Diseases of China.


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[Shiloh]

Re: H7N9 bird flu epidemic overshadows Chinese New Year

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/18/wo...time.html?_r=0

Spread of Bird Flu Worries China Ahead of Peak Travel Time
By KEITH BRADSHERJAN. 17, 2014

HONG KONG ? China is disclosing a steadily growing number of cases of H7N9 bird flu, including four more cases announced on Friday, reviving concerns among health experts that the disease may be spreading and could pose a further threat as the world?s largest annual human migration begins ahead of Chinese New Year...

[Pathfinder]

Re: H7N9 bird flu epidemic overshadows Chinese New Year

Translation Google

Spring Festival this year, the fear of the spread of H7N9 have been reported to help 53 cases

Updated January 20, 2014, 03:27 GMT

Since New Year's Day in southern China have been at least 53 cases of the emerging H7N9 bird flu cases, of which at least six people died.

Chinese Ministry of Health and Family Planning Commission statistics released Jan. 17, said: "Since January 2014, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces, five confirmed cases were found in 28 cases cases were sporadic."

But the statistics did not specify statistical deadline day.

According to the BBC Chinese reporters on Monday (January 20) in China over the past few days statistical reports and health departments informed opinion, Guangdong Province since January 1 Bulletin 17 cases of confirmed cases, including three deaths; Zhejiang cases notified 23 cases , one of whom died; Fujian seven cases notified cases, 1 death; Shanghai five cases cases, 1 death; Guizhou 1 cases and one death.

The current positive spring, has been dubbed the world's largest spring migration activity this year is expected to transport more than 3.6 billion people.

Some observers have pointed out that the spring probably will exacerbate the proliferation and spread of avian flu.

This year the provinces of bird flu appeared overwhelmingly concentrated areas with large numbers of migrant workers from the field, and if anyone of them infected with bird flu, is likely to carry the virus to the mainland home.

And often up to several hours or even ten hours' drive means those infected will have the opportunity in a relatively closed environment infect other travelers.

In addition, with the Spring Festival approaching, the country increase the number of slaughtered poultry, many infected live poultry markets reappear, further increasing the risk of the spread of H7N9 avian influenza.

(Writer / Editor: Iraqis)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/01/140120_china_h7n9.shtml

[Shiloh]

Re: H7N9 bird flu epidemic overshadows Chinese New Year

Source: http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/838480.shtml

Virus adapting
Xinhua-Global Times | 2014-1-20 19:53:01
By Xinhua ? Global Times

As the world's largest annual human migration begins ahead of Chinese Lunar New Year, containing the spread of the latest H7N9 bird flu faces extra challenges from a more virulent, infectious strain.

Health authorities are concerned by the resurgent strain, with about 30 new cases reported in the first 18 days of 2014, mostly in eastern coastal regions like Zhejiang, Guangdong and Fujian provinces.

Two H7N9 avain flu patients, including a doctor, died in Shanghai on Monday after they were confirmed on Sunday to have been infected with the disease.

So far about 150 cases of H7N9 bird flu have been confirmed on the Chinese mainland since the first human cases of H7N9 avian influenza virus emerged in late March near Shanghai.

After the summer lull, the virus is expected to become more active in winter and spring, and popular public transportation like coaches, trains and aircraft could create favorable circumstances for the epidemic to spread, according to Li Lanjuan of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Li is China's leading bird flu researcher and a member of the H7N9 prevention and control group. The virus might be spread by migrants returning to their rural homes from developed eastern regions, she warns...

[Giuseppe]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

China central and regional authorities have really good reasons to be concerned because they are likely asking themselves if leaving the situation going as did so far, it is after alla a good affair, ie wholesale and retail live poultry markets activity at full steam.

Expendable citizens dying to keep running the poultry business Sector are paying a great tribute, perhaps unneeded.

Politicians have good hours asking for better management of situation! gm

[Pathfinder]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

23 January 2014 Last updated at 07:56 ET

H7N9: Bird flu cases surge ahead of Chinese New Year

By James GallagherHealth and science reporter, BBC News

A surge in cases of the deadly new strain of bird flu has been reported in China at the beginning of 2014.
...
Influenza researchers argue the winter season and preparations for Chinese New Year may be driving the increase.
...
The global concern is not what this bird flu is doing now, but how it might develop.
...
Gregory Hartl, spokesman for the World Health Organization (WHO), said flu viruses circulated more easily during the colder winter months.

"Our calculation was always that we were going to have to watch the winter, and that's where we are at the moment.

"We need to remain vigilant, but so far the virus does not seem to have mutated in any way," he says.

"Some people will be looking very closely at the Chinese New Year, when there will be lots of people travelling.

"It will be crowded on trains and they'll also be travelling with chickens."
...
Prof John McCauley, the director of a WHO collaborating centre on influenza in London, said: "I've been worried all the time about H7N9; it's highly virulent and the case fatality is about one in three, so it poses a threat."

The range of the virus had also spread, he added, with cases in Guangdong province, further south and east than previously.

He said the winter might not be the whole explanation, particularly in southern provinces closer to the equator.

"It may be seasonal, or an alternative is more poultry exposure in the build-up to Chinese New Year, and more poultry going through the markets.

"They might need to reconsider closure of the markets."
...
The WHO does not advise any travel or trade restrictions because of bird flu, while the European Centres of Disease Control rates the virus as a "significant long-term threat".

Full text:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25849629

[Giuseppe]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

Relatively mild climate in the Southern China. Seasonality in influenza epidemics in the region sees double peak in January-March and June-August, the prof should remember this...

H1pdm09 opens some doors, but it seems most eyes continue to remain shut...

[Pathfinder]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

Translation Google

January 27, 2014


"Left hand a duck a chicken."


Such stocking can not take the subway

The day before yesterday 10:41, Sina users @ Sao mid-micro-Bo: Hangzhou Subway someone with live birds ah! Placed in sacks, live!

Times reporter Yuan Ying: Every New Year, New Year poultry is essential. But recently avian flu, so that we can live chickens and ducks to produce a different kind of "panic."

The day before yesterday morning, friends in the subway, on the train door of a sack his attention. Sacks while to move, suddenly a chicken head out to explore the corner from the sack. "Live!" Users with special emphasis on micro-blog.

Whether there is no bird flu, either chicken or duck, as long as live poultry are not allowed into the subway. "Hangzhou subway riders Code" in Article 12: "No to carry livestock, cats, dogs (except for carrying the blind guide dogs) and other animals as well as easy to deface, there are serious smell, no packing fragile, sharp objects stint , ride. "

Hang Kong subway workers say they will step up inspection efforts with the metro police, security security, efforts to prevent similar incidents. Once found, the first time to discourage passengers. But if passengers have to carry live birds into the subway, the staff will advise passengers transfer to other modes of transport.

zhttp://www.qnsb.com/fzepaper/site1/qnsb/html/2014-01/27/content_476817.htm

[sharon sanders]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

machine translation

Hunan H7N9 bird flu this winter Not currently do not carry poultry Spring Festival travel

At 15:40 on January 26 2014Source: China Economic Net

　　Of the total of people infected with H7N9 bird flu confirmed cases have been more than 200 cases, triggering strong concern. Reporters learned from the provincial CDC today, the province this winter yet found people infected with H7N9 avian influenza. Notably, high intensity influenza activity recently, in 2014 a total cumulative reported cases increased nearly four times more than last year. Experts remind that winter is the season of high incidence of influenza and other respiratory diseases, a time when the spring travel, it is recommended not to bring poultry, birds on the road, the way it should avoid contact with birds.
　　"There will be a flu every 2012 active period." Provincial CDC Emergency Office Director Liu Fuqiang introduced nearly 2 During week number of reported cases was significantly higher than last year and the average level in nearly three years earlier, was mainly the province this winter's flu traditional H3N2, B-type main, yet appear H7N9 bird flu. He said that through the epidemiological investigation of the province in April 2013 carried a report of 4 cases, and the recent nationwide H7N9 epidemic situation analysis, winter and spring the province of people infected with H7N9 bird flu appeared cases, even death cases and family aggregation the possibility of large cases, but the possibility of a short period in the province massively popular small.
　　Experts believe that the province and Jiangsu and Zhejiang and Guangdong has always been active in the livestock trade, and free-range poultry in rural areas and residents eating patterns "fresh" slaughter live poultry habits, making the opportunity to increase the spread of H7N9 virus easily by birds - human transmission Ways infected people. But there is evidence of efficient human-to-human transmission has not yet appeared, short term pandemic appears less likely.
　　Experts advise, highly contagious flu symptoms than ordinary flu seriously. Children and the elderly, people with chronic diseases, such as less resistance, easy to attack the flu and complications. Volkswagen Spring Festival travel, to keep warm, wash their hands, more ventilation, sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, once cold timely medical treatment. Crowded carriages and stations, airports to enhance ventilation. The elderly, children and the need to return home crowd the best New Year influenza vaccination as soon as possible pneumonia vaccine. Prevention of Avian Influenza key is to avoid contact with dead poultry consumption.

http://health.sohu.com/20140126/n394215359.shtml

[Pathfinder]

Re: H7N9 bird flu and travel during the Chinese New Year

Translation Google

Expert: During the Spring Festival is not an outbreak of H7N9

January 28, 2014 07:28:49 Source: Beijing News
　　
Yesterday, the National Health and Family Planning Commission meeting of people infected with H7N9 avian influenza interview meeting, the CDC, the National Influenza Center experts said, because there is no evidence of large-scale spread of H7N9 between man and man, does not predict the Spring Festival mobility causing the outbreak.
　　
According to Xinhua News Agency statistics, January 1 to 26, the country has confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza 96 cases, three provinces of Zhejiang, Guangdong and Shanghai confirmed 83 cases, 20 deaths, including Zhejiang death in 12 cases, 4 deaths in Guangdong, Shanghai 4 deaths, including a medical staff.
　　
Experts believe that the higher H7N9 fatality rate, and the current number is close to the onset of the peak levels of last year.
　　
Cases have been close to the peak levels of last year
　　
Yesterday, the State Planning Commission, David held on H7N9 avian influenza group interview. Chinese Feng Zijian, deputy director of the CDC, said although a lot of the upcoming Spring Festival will cause movement of persons, but does not increase the probability of infection of H7N9.
　　
Shu Yuelong, director of the National Influenza Center also believes that, because there is no evidence of large-scale spread of H7N9 will be between people, that this virus does not have the biological basis of interpersonal widespread. Meanwhile, there is no variation in the virus itself, as long as the prevention and control measures in place, the risk will be lower and lower. "There are sporadic cases will now see the situation will continue, but in the entire large outbreaks during the Spring Festival, the situation will not happen quickly spread."
　　
He said that at present the number of sporadic cases of H7N9 have been close to last year's peak levels. He believes that people all over the fowl of exposure measures, efforts to control the spread of the virus, the scope of the epidemic will determine the future direction.
　　
Feng Zijian said, H7N9 is relatively high in the East China region, the presence of the virus spread between levels and consumption of poultry, poultry certain relationship, in addition, after the H5N1 avian influenza virus has a high incidence in winter and spring characteristics, H7N9 seems there are some seasonal touch.
　　
He suggested that people try to avoid contact with live poultry, it is recommended to purchase, consume chicken, chilled, replace the live bird markets. Live poultry slaughter process, if unavoidable, wash your hands as soon as possible after exposure may also reduce the chances of infection. Older people with low immunity, with particular attention.
　　
Mortality or below the H5N1 virus
　　
According to Chinese Feng Zijian, deputy director of the CDC introduced since January 1, 2014, the country reported cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza 96 cases and 19 deaths. If you start to last year, the country has reported 240 cases, more than 60 cases of death.
　　
"Fatality rate is relatively high." Said Feng Zijian. The number of cases and deaths in the current figures, H7N9 case fatality rate of 20% -30%.
　　
According to Shu Yuelong introduced, this figure is lower than the H5N1 fatality rate, which reached 60%. He said that from the perspective of the characteristics of several viruses, H1N1 viruses belonging to interpersonal communication, and H3N2 is similar. This will cause a lot of people infected with the virus, but the mortality rate is very low.
　　
But Feng Zijian pointed out that this is not a strict 20% -30% mortality scientific sense. First, there are still patients continued treatment; Also, the patient is currently found mainly severe, and some patients the presence of light, they may not visit, or visit the doctor did not suspect, disease picture is not known. "We see the molecules, but there is no accurate information on the denominator."
　　
■ response
　　
The CDC
　　
"Doctors infection H7N9" only confirmed one case
　　
Recently, the network continued rumors that there are doctors in different parts of the virus H7N9 infection and died. Yesterday, Feng Zijian clear response, "Dr. infection around the H7N9" is not true, the current emergency department Shanghai confirmed only one case of H7N9 infection surgeon.
　　
However, the path of infection and cause of death for doctors in Shanghai, said Feng Zijian is still under investigation. He said that did not find its onset before contact with H7N9 patients, also found no direct contact with live birds and so on. However, because this doctor had died when diagnosed only by family, colleagues asked, still need further investigation.
　　
■ Focus
　　
1
　　
What is a limited non-sustained person to person?
　　
Experts said the man found only a few cases of human transmission, not sustained transmission
　　
National Planning Commission, the day before the release of Wei 2014 edition H7N9 treatment program that specific route of transmission of H7N9 avian influenza virus can spread through the respiratory tract or close contact with infected poultry infected secretions or excretions obtained; or through contact with virus-contaminated environments to propagate people; do not rule out limited non-sustained person to person.
　　
H7N9 spread of only 0.09 basis the number of
　　
Chinese Feng Zijian, deputy director of the CDC, said, "limited human to human transmission" is a relatively continuous and effective person to person, the occasional occurrence of secondary cases, the vast majority of patients occurs only two generations, three generations occur rarely or almost never more patient. And sustained human to human to human transmission is effectively the same meaning, that there is more on behalf of patients, such as three generations of four generations, resulting in multiple cases of infection in a community. It more professional point of Medicine will be limited measure, called a continuing basis the number of indicators spread. When active person to person, the foundation will spread more than a few, that is, a patient as a source of infection, can infect an average of more than 1 person. The index is less than 1, it will not continue to spread.
　　
Feng Zijian said, according to the H7N9 research, epidemiological investigation, mathematical model count is the number of basis spread was 0.09. At present, very few cases of H7N9 found in the second generation, and only a few cases, no one is three generations.
　　
"There is no need to over-interpret secondary cases."
　　
Shu Yuelong, director of the National Influenza Center said there was no need to read too much into secondary cases. Currently, patients in close contact with a chicken infected with H7N9 virus or contaminated environment, is a generation of cases; close contact with a patient, a second-generation cases. But from the perspective of Virology, there is no difference.
　　
2
　　
What is the difficulty to deal with H7N9?
　　
Experts say the virus prevalence among asymptomatic poultry, harder than H5N1 prevention
　　
Shu Yuelong said, and compared with H5N1, H7N9 is more likely to infect humans, highly pathogenic, but it is popular among poultry are asymptomatic, do not see any symptoms, it is relatively harder to guard against H5N1.
　　
Hospitals generally weak ability to detect H7N9
　　
People's Hospital, director of respiratory medicine accounted for a high that birds appear healthy but for people with a highly pathogenic virus, this is a big challenge. Only patients with very early symptoms of fever, clinicians make the diagnosis very difficult.
　　
He said the doctor for questioning to strengthen epidemiological history, such as live bird markets have not been to, the availability of live poultry trade, with or without contact with live poultry populations transactions, ask the doctor to improve awareness. In addition, enhancements to the screening and identification of clinical symptoms, thus strengthening the joint between medical institutions and the prevention and control of disease control agency, timely submission of samples to the CDC. Previously, the disease is often severe pneumonia talent submission for mild colds less censorship.
　　
For H7N9, medical institutions generally weak detection capabilities.

Because it requires a very high condition, such as to have a molecular biology laboratory, have the appropriate level of protection to handle specimens. Also detects, to avoid contamination, the instrument is also more expensive and can not be clinically charges. Therefore, free testing is difficult. These issues need further discussion.
　　
Doctors said it is difficult to achieve 100% detection rate
　　
Ditan Hospital, director of infectious disease treatment center Li Xingwang said, according to 2013, 2014, treatment programs, medical institutions qualified to be detected, there are no conditions to stay specimens. Like Tamiflu and other antiviral drugs effective against the virus, but the premise is the sooner the better. For flu-like symptoms, especially fever, cough and other lower respiratory tract symptoms, even though tested negative, also advocated giving antiviral therapy. However, each patient to achieve 100% detection rate, difficult. Even if detected, there are a variety of reasons could cause results to be negative.
　
Why no history of exposure to infected poultry?
　　
Resulting in the death of an individual patient can not determine whether contact with live poultry
　　
Feng Zijian introduction, 70% of patients had a history of exposure found in poultry. Most cases are not family autotrophic contact with infected birds, but to the town, the town's bazaars contacting live poultry. For each case found in the CDC, have made serious epidemiological investigations, but there is a problem that I am asking the patient survey is the most reliable.
　　
Feng Zijian said, but some patients when the diagnosis has been in critical condition, the individual who has died can not investigate himself, and therefore can only investigate relatives and colleagues. But difficult for outsiders to fully restore all of the patient's own life experiences. Thus, 30% of patients did not find the presence of live poultry contact history, exposure history, this is a very important reason. In addition, some patients live birds I can not recall memories of history. This is the common scenario epidemiological investigation.
　　
4
　　
H7N9 vaccine developed any progress?
　　
Not yet developed, pre-clinical studies have been completed some companies
　　
Shu Yuelong said that in vaccine research and development in this area, some companies have completed preclinical studies, to be carried out to apply to declare. Vaccine development is very important, in order to develop a vaccine to respond to crises that may arise. Our current H7N9 virus is not very understanding, such a vaccine may produce side effects such experiments should be carried out strictly.
　　
Shu Yuelong said the problem of resistance against the virus, the current monitoring point of view, H7N9 Tamiflu and other antiviral drugs also are sensitive. Encourage doctors to reduce mortality and timely use of antiviral drugs. For flu-like illness, especially high-risk groups, the elderly, pregnant women, there are flu-like symptoms have anti-viral therapy.
　　
As to whether the use of antiviral drugs can lead to drug-resistant viral longevity issues, Shu Yuelong said, you do not have anti-viral treatment, as the global epidemic of the virus, the virus also appear resistant.
　　
5
　　
Whether the H7N9 virus mutation?
　　
Experts say the virus mutation was not found no difference with last virus
　　
Shu Yuelong said, according to the epidemic analysis, the basic conclusion is that the current pandemic virus and April of last year is the same, that there was no public health significance of variation, no significant difference. From the perspective of viral sequence analysis, we did not change the risk assessment, appeal, spread of power, such as drug-resistant viruses have not found changes. Prevention and control program in accordance with the new version, stressed the importance of virus monitoring, the purpose is to monitor changes in the virus, timely monitoring of how it will change in the end, highly concerned about the possibility of variation in trends and, if the first time be able to see, is our greatest success.
　　
Shu Yuelong said relatively H5N1, H7N9 more susceptible to a number of people. In accordance with existing knowledge, can not make accurate predictions about the trend of variation of a virus, only closely monitored.
　　
6
　　
Prevention and control programs in place to adjust the new version?
　　
Areas close contact management, information reporting to adjust
　　
Feng Zijian said, the new treatment programs, prevention programs have been revised, did not make a big adjustment. Prevention and control program adjustments where there are few, some measures were emphasized, such as close contacts management, information reporting, the timely provision of strains, such as viral sequences submitted.
　　
Feng Zijian said some places for H7N9 prevention and control has taken various measures. We also evaluate the effectiveness of different control measures. Like other departments such as the Department of Agriculture, is also actively studying longer-term, more fundamental measures.
　　
Feng Zijian said, we have already put forward proposals to change consumption patterns, try not to make a habit of live poultry consumption, purchasing chicken, chilled and so on. In addition, poultry farming model, but also upgrading.
　　
■ news
　　
AQSIQ
　　
Temperature over 38 ℃ and contacts are required sampling and testing of poultry recommended to postpone travel

Yesterday, this AQSIQ issued an urgent notice requiring the port inspection and quarantine people infected with H7N9 should bird flu prevention and control, temperature over 38 ℃, and a history of close contact with poultry within seven days and must be sampled pathogen detection to prevent cross-border spread of the epidemic.
　　
AQSIQ emphasized that discovered or reported fever, cough, difficulty breathing and other flu-like symptoms exit personnel, timely epidemiological investigation and medical investigation. Focus on strengthening the monitoring of outgoing personnel, particularly personnel from the H7N9 cases occurred exit area.
　　
Among them, the temperature over 38 ℃, and seven days a history of close contact with poultry, must be sampled pathogen detection, it is recommended to postpone their travel, transfer the designated hospital for treatment. Refusing to postpone the trip, may be required to give reasons in writing, inform the precautions required to wear N95 masks provide and to inform transport operators to take protective measures.

zhttp://news.xinhuanet.com/tech/2014-01/28/c_126071520.htm