Indonesia: Developing a Human Vaccine

[Gert van der Hoek]

Bio Farma the Production of the Bird Flu Vaccine End 2007

July 28 2007

Bandung -- MIOL: PT Bio Farma aim at produced the bird flu vaccine for humankind from the end 2007.

"At this time, the Department of Health was carrying out end discussions with Baxter, the vaccine company from the United States."

If the trials were immediately complete, Baxter will export the bird flu vaccine for humankind in the form of half-finished and Bio Farma would memroses him and was ready to be used in Indonesia, explained Director Pemasaran PT Bio Farma Sarimuddin Sulaeman, on Saturday (28/7).

According to him Bio Farma would memroduksi 200 thousand vial the bird flu vaccine for humankind or approximately 20 % of the inhabitants's Indonesian populations, as the beginning stage.

This vaccine will be distributed to serious areas the spreading of the bird flu virus.

Sarimuddin said to memroses the half-finished virus to was ready with, only was carried out in three stages and needed time only around 3 days.
Because of this investment that will be spent by Bio Farma not too many.

We might not develop the new installation because with available Bio Farma facilities could have carried him out.

The fund was more often needed to educate human resources that must be sent by us to Baxter for the process of the transfer of technology, he stated.

PT Bio Farma has at this time produced eight vaccines, among them BCG, DPT, DT, TT, Polio, Campak and Hepatetis B. Se- Tahun in the future, the only vaccine company in Indonesia this will produce the Td vaccine, Rotak the virus for diarrhoea and Hib for the inflammation of the brain.

"We continued to follow the development" of "infectious diseases, in accordance with the data was owned by WHO. Produksi" of the "vaccine that was needed the world, will be made an effort to get by us to be able to be produced by Bio Farma," he continued.

Sarimuddin said Bio Farma aimed at the sale of the production of the vaccine 2007 reached Rp680 billion.

The target was reached among them with 50 sales in the country and half of it from the export.

Up until 2007 this, continued he, Bio Farma has exported the vaccine to 104 countries.

Not only the developing country, but also for developed countries like the United States, Europe and Australia.
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http://www.media-indonesia.com/berita.asp?id=139123

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: Indonesia: Human Vaccine produced before end of 2007

It looks like the (seed of) human vaccine will be produced in Indonesia with a MDCK cell-line.

Joint effort of University of Kobe, Japan and Airlangga University, Surabaya. Location: the lab of Airlangga University, dr Nidom.

Menkes = Minister of Health

26-Mar-2009

Menkes: Unair the Tip of the Production Spear of the Bird Flu Vaccine The C Campus

– the Unair News

The Airlangga university could it was hoped become the tip of the spear in the development pre- pandemic vaccine, especially to produce the bird flu vaccine H5N1.

The hope tight was linked with consistency in the research into avian influenza that has been carried out by the researchers in Unair, that at this time has been done in a centre of the bird flu research (Avian Research Centre influenza) with facilities of Bio Safety the Level – 3 that occupied the location in the C Unair Campus.

more:

http://warta.unair.ac.id/news/?id=1024

Growth determinants for H5N1 influenza vaccine seed viruses in MDCK cells

Shin Murakami, Taisuke Horimoto*, Le Quynh Mai, Chairul A. Nidom, Hualan Chen, Yukiko Muramoto, Shinya Yamada, Ayaka Iwasa, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Masayuki Shimojima, Akira Iwata, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka*
Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan; National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Avian Influenza Laboratory, Tropical Disease Centre, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China; Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin



* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: horimoto@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp. kawaoka@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.


Abstract


H5N1 influenza A viruses are exacting a growing human toll, with more than 240 fatal cases to date. In the event of an influenza pandemic by these viruses, embryonated chicken eggs, which are the approved substrate for human inactivated vaccine production, will likely be in short supply because chickens will be killed by these viruses or culled to limit the worldwide spread of the infection.

The Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line is a promising alternative candidate substrate because it supports efficient growth of influenza viruses compared to other cell lines. Here, we addressed the molecular determinants for growth of an H5N1 vaccine seed virus in MDCK cells, revealing the critical responsibility of the Tyr residue at position 360 of PB2, the considerable requirement for functional balance between hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), and the partial responsibility of the Glu residue at position 55 of NS1.

Based on these findings, we produced a PR8/H5N1 reassortant, optimized for this cell line, that derives all of its genes for its internal proteins from the PR8(UW) strain except for the NS gene, which derives from the PR8(Cambridge) strain, its N1 NA with a long stalk from an early H5N1 strain, and its HA with an avirulent-type cleavage site sequence derived from a circulating H5N1 virus.

Our findings demonstrate the importance and feasibility of a cell-culture based approach to producing seed viruses for H5N1 inactivated vaccines that grow robustly and in a timely, cost-efficient manner as an alternative to egg-based vaccine production.

http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/JVI.00970-08v1

[Gert van der Hoek]

Re: Indonesia: Developing a Human Vaccine

Google translated

Avian Influenza Research Center (Level-3) Relies On Researchers Under 30 years

Friday, 20 March 2009 |

By: Reny Mardiningsih

There are ten researchers working in the bird flu laboratory in Tropical Disease Center (TDC). In addition to the TDC, they will also do research on Avian Influenza Research Center was the right. Uniquely, there is no case that researchers have very senior in the team. All under the age of 30 years.

Dr CA Nidom, drh, MS as the head of the bird flu lab TDC and Avian Influenza Research Center deliberately recruit young workers under 30 years. Most children are didiknya in the Veterinary Faculty of Airlangga University. After graduating from FKH Unair, disekolahkan them more powerful in order to conduct research on a virus shut down in this world.

Nidom has special reasons why he recruited researchers under 30 years. According to the Deputy Dean III FKH this, in the spirit of age are someone with a high-level ideas are still fresh.

"I need researchers who hold and rock should not complain if you go home at night. And those under the age of 30 years is to meet the above criteria, "said Nidom.

Lecturer consistent research related bird flu also have other reasons why he recruited researchers who are not even 30 years. In addition to energy and the brain that is still fresh, he wanted the regeneration as early as possible. So when it back later, the researchers already have the same handalnya but still in the summer.

"They were my students and disekolahkan again to better understand and understand about the bird flu. In 4-5 years, I can move back and replaced them already, but experts are still young-young, "said Nidom.

However, not recklessly Nidom researchers to recruit staff labnya. He remained in the selective recruitment of motivation as well ask why they want to be researchers in the lab bird flu. People may be reluctant to work in a place like that because it must deal with the virus that is eating the victim hundreds of people. Therefore, it is important for motivation Nidom to ask someone to join in the lab even though it was a bird flu students themselves.

"I do not want penetration because of bird flu virus could be a biological weapon is very powerful," said Nidom.

Vigilance Nidom well-founded. The bioterrorist threat of bird flu virus is very dangerous. For the purposes of research and development seed bird flu vaccine, the Avian Influenza Research Center akan later saved a bird flu virus from humans and animals. Deliberately separate storage area in the room is different. The threat is very dangerous if the two meet and integrates virus.

According to Nidom, in case bird flu virus in humans and animals to meet a fuse so, a new virus appears. Mutation with other genes and development, new virus can be far more dangerous than before. In the wrong hands, this virus is a potent terrorist weapon.

"If my children fruit Noordin M. Top, so I do not need to hard-up bomb. I just play with the virus here. Once the negative pressure in the lab room is turned off, the virus spread directly go everywhere and can kill many people, "said Nidom.

To examine the possible threat bioterroris m from the bird flu virus, Nidom recruit a staff of military Forces in the team. He was given the task of examining the possibility a special bird flu virus is used as a biological weapon. But it does not mean lab leaders Nidom only focus on the threat of H5N1 virus.

"The target we still created the seeds for the bird flu and then mass produced," Nidom demolished.

Nidom said, make a bird flu vaccine seed actually easy. Live virus will be inactivated to be used as a vaccine seed.

The process also does not take long. Nidom to predict, in the 2-3 months of research, seeds have the vaccine can be created.

In the next 6-8 months, the vaccine can enter clinical trial, namely mengujikan potency vaccine in humans.

But remember the bird flu virus of violence, need to feel Nidom cautious all the possibilities. Evil intent, including someone who wants to take advantage of this virus to harm the interests of the community.

http://www.surabayapost.co.id/?mnu=berita&act=view&id=559269b636448e707b934d2e19a15af8&jenis=c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c&PHPSESSID=57067d823f8494d6c269bdd381e1d30e