 |
September 29th, 2008, 01:29 PM
|
 |
Membro del Comitato Consultivo, Editore e Direttore del Forum Italiano di FluTrackers
|
|
Join Date: Dec 2007
Location: PADUA
Posts: 12,355
|
|
Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere
Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere
22 September 2008
During the weeks 33–36 (10 August – 6 September), overall influenza activity in the southern hemisphere declined, except for New Zealand where influenza activity remained widespread with
predominating influenza B virus and co-circulating A(H3) virus.
In Australia, local activity was reported during weeks 35-36 with co-circulation of A and B viruses.
Between weeks 33 to 36, in the southern hemisphere, sporadic influenza activity was detected in Argentina (A,B), Brazil (A), Chile (B, A) and New Caledonia (H1). Activity was low in the rest of the world – declining influenza activity (H1, H3) was reported from Hong Kong SAR, China and only sporadic influenza activity was reported from Canada (H1, B) and Japan (H3).
WHO has received several reports from National Influenza Centres (NIC) in the southern hemisphere regarding influenza A( H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir.
In South Africa, a total of 283 A(H1N1) viruses have been isolated during the 2008 influenza season as of 9 September.
Of those, 129 isolates have been tested for oseltamivir resistance by the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) and 100% were found to be resistant to oseltamivir by genotypic
analysis.
Only one of these 129 patients was receiving oseltamivir at the time of sampling, and no unusual clinical features or underlying conditions were found.
In Australia, 25 of 26, Argentina, 11 of 25, Chile, 6 of 44 A(H1N1) viruses analysed showed the specific neuraminidase mutation (H274Y) associated with oseltamivir resistance, respectively.
WHO has also received reports from NICs in other parts of the world; In the Russian Federation, 9 of 20, and Philippines, 10 of 11 A(H1N1) viruses tested were found to be resistant, respectively.
WHO is collecting global data about this phenomenon from multiple laboratories participating in Global Influenza Surveillance Network. Data from European countries participating in EISS were
provided by the EISS and VirGil project. This summary table will be updated regularly (every four weeks).
Oseltamivir resistance results were based on phenotypic and/or genotypic analyses.
For background and summary until week 24, 2008, see Influenza A( H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir, Last quarter 2007 to first quarter 2008, Preliminary summary and future plans
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influ.../en/index.html
-
-----
Shot at 2008-09-29
Shot at 2008-09-29
Shot at 2008-09-29
Shot at 2008-09-29
-
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influ...te20080922.pdf
-----
__________________
GIMI69 (IRONOREHOPPER)
--
People come and go, but the creative force of great historical events, as well as important ideas and actions remain. (Aleksandr Romanovic Lurija, 1976)
--
A TIME'S MEMORY (Blog)
ATTRAVERSO QUESTI GIORNI (Blog)
tracciatore_traccia@libero.it
|
September 29th, 2008, 02:15 PM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
|
September 29th, 2008, 03:01 PM
|
 |
Editor, Senior Moderator
|
|
Join Date: Mar 2006
Posts: 8,703
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Quote:
Originally Posted by niman
|
Commentary
Fixing H1N1 Tamiflu Resistance In the Philippines
Recombinomics Commentary 19:07
September 29, 2008
In South Africa, a total of 283 A(H1N1) viruses have been isolated during the 2008 influenza season as of 9 September.
Of those, 129 isolates have been tested for oseltamivir resistance by the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) and 100% were found to be resistant to oseltamivir by genotypic analysis.
In Australia, 25 of 26, Argentina, 11 of 25, Chile, 6 of 44 A(H1N1) viruses analysed showed the specific neuraminidase mutation (H274Y) associated with oseltamivir resistance, respectively.
WHO has also received reports from NICs in other parts of the world; In the Russian Federation, 9 of 20, and Philippines, 10 of 11 A(H1N1) viruses tested were found to be resistant, respectively.
The above comments provide additional updates on Tamiflu resistance in the southern hemisphere and indicate that resistance is at or near 100% in South Africa (129/129), Australia (25/26), and the Philippines (10/11).
The levels suggest the Tamiflu resistance is becoming fixed in the above countries, and will likely become fixed in new versions of clade 2B that emerge in the upcoming season, in spite of targeting Brisbane/59 in the current vaccine for the northern hemisphere and the upcoming vaccine for the southern hemisphere.
.
__________________
"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
|
September 29th, 2008, 06:39 PM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
|
September 30th, 2008, 01:43 PM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
|
October 1st, 2008, 03:20 AM
|
|
Senior Member
|
|
Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 4,705
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
http://www.recombinomics.com/News/09290801/H274Y_Fix.html
"... isolates from Africa and South America, which are largely evolving versions of the dominant Brisbane/59 (clade 2B) sub-clade with H274Y. ...
... evidence of additional independent introductions, indicating Tamiflu resistance is evolving through two mechanisms. One involves evolution of the dominant sub-clade, while he other involves movement of H274Y from the dominant sub-clade, to other clade 2B sub-clades, raising concerns that H274Y will soon be fixed in H1N1. ...
The recent HA sequences from Seychelles have the same non-synonymous changes seen in isolates from South Africa, raising concerns that the effectiveness of the Brisbane/59 vaccine that is being introduced this season will have limited utility. ...
... dramatic increase in the H1N1 genetic reservoir with H274Y, which creates concern that the frequency of H274Y will continue to increase as H1N1 continues to evolve."
So, in exception with maybe NewRelenza (in exper. quantities), we loosed any antiviral medication onto this kind of H1N1.
Additionaly, the WHO 08/09 vaccine would not probably be enaugh effective.
Acknowledging that the strains evolves, and we can't be sure if the northern flu strains would change much from the actual,
exists at the moment some scientific reason why this one resistant, not well matched in a vaccine, seasonal H1N1 strain would not became shortly an serious pandemic virus instead of the dreaded H5N1?
Low virulence, bland infection course, ...?
|
October 1st, 2008, 04:58 AM
|
 |
Registered User
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: germany
Posts: 8,620
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
resistance against Tamifly is no big indicator for a virus going pandemic.
It's still H1N1 and thus no new serotype, which would be typical for panemics
|
October 1st, 2008, 06:13 AM
|
|
Senior Member
|
|
Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 4,705
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Quote:
Originally Posted by gsgs
resistance against Tamifly is no big indicator for a virus going pandemic.
It's still H1N1 and thus no new serotype, which would be typical for panemics
|
So the actual H1N1 can't spread enaugh good to infect vast parts of populations, but if it change raising virulence further, it would?
The S.African epidemic cases seems enaugh serious, or not?
|
October 1st, 2008, 06:20 AM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Quote:
Originally Posted by tropical
So the actual H1N1 can't spread enaugh good to infect vast parts of populations, but if it change raising virulence further, it would?
The S.African epidemic cases seems enaugh serious, or not?
|
This version of H1N1 can efficiently transmit human to human (but is in competition with H3N2 and influenza B). Many regions have a significant level of H1N1 (it was widespread in the US and Europe last season) and this upcoming season should be dominated by H1N1 with H274Y, which can be transfered to H5N1 if H5N1 becomes efficiently transmitted to humans.
|
October 1st, 2008, 06:34 AM
|
|
Senior Member
|
|
Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 4,705
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
So not pandemic from that H1N1 for now on the horizon, but we start to loose oseltamivir eficacy wider.
Thank You Dr. Niman, and gsgs.
|
October 1st, 2008, 08:04 AM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Two of the isolates from Hong Kong with H274Y are clade 2C:
gb|FJ227689.1| Influenza A virus (A/HongKong/1313/2008(H1N1))... 34.2 2.5
gb|FJ227688.1| Influenza A virus (A/HongKong/1052/2008(H1N1))... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU551807.1| Influenza A virus (A/Paris/6/2007(H1N1)) neura... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY034126.1| Influenza A virus (A/NYMC X-163(NYMC X-157-St.... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU879082.1| Influenza A virus (A/Zhejiang/Xiangshan522/200... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU879078.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hubei/Jiangan/1251/2006(H... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU879064.1| Influenza A virus (A/Gansu/Chenguan/1129/2007(... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU791308.1| Influenza A virus (A/Ulaanbaatar/1809/2007(H1N... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU791304.1| Influenza A virus (A/Orkhon/1901/2007(H1N1)) s... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU791302.1| Influenza A virus (A/Ulaanbaatar/1830/2007(H1N... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU791300.1| Influenza A virus (A/Sainshand/1142/2007(H1N1)... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU791298.1| Influenza A virus (A/Ulaanbaatar/1094/2007(H1N... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU779656.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/46/2007(H1N1)) neu... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU779644.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/05/2008(H1N1)) neu... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU716602.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/42/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU716592.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/43/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU716582.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/44/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU716529.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/45/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097734.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/110/2005(H1N1)) n... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097730.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/79/2005(H1N1)) ne... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097729.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/22/2005(H1N1)) ne... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097725.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/54/2005(H1N1)) ne... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097721.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/226/2005(H1N1)) n... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097719.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/116/2005(H1N1)) n... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU097718.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denmark/184/2005(H1N1)) n... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU566972.1| Influenza A virus (A/Massachusetts/01/2008(H1N... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516282.1| Influenza A virus (A/Oregon/06/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516276.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/38/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516270.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/38/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516149.1| Influenza A virus (A/Minnesota/25/2007(H1N1)) ... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516146.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/19/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516140.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/17/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516137.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/16/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516120.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/19/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU516118.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hawaii/15/2007(H1N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU304359.1| Influenza A virus (A/Busan/08/2007(H1N1)) neur... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU304358.1| Influenza A virus (A/Busan/03/2007(H1N1)) neur... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY027709.1| Influenza A virus (A/Virginia/UR06-0549/2007(H... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY026565.1| Influenza A virus (A/Texas/UR06-0397/2007(H1N1... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY026525.1| Influenza A virus (A/Colorado/UR06-0053/2007(H... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU199384.1| Influenza A virus (A/New York/08/2007(H1N1)) s... 34.2 2.5
gb|EU100488.1| Influenza A virus (A/Virginia/1e/2006(N1)) seg... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY022535.1| Influenza A virus (A/Auckland/605/2001(H1N1)) ... 34.2 2.5
dbj|AB286013.1| Influenza A virus (A/Hanoi/TX09/2006(H1N1)) g... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY009334.1| Influenza A virus (A/Fort Worth/50(H1N1)) segm... 34.2 2.5
gb|CY008990.1| Influenza A virus (A/Denver/57(H1N1)) segment ... 34.2 2.5
|
October 16th, 2008, 11:23 AM
|
|
Membro del Comitato Consultivo, Editore e Direttore del Forum Italiano di FluTrackers
|
|
Join Date: Dec 2007
Location: PADUA
Posts: 12,355
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
__________________
GIMI69 (IRONOREHOPPER)
--
People come and go, but the creative force of great historical events, as well as important ideas and actions remain. (Aleksandr Romanovic Lurija, 1976)
--
A TIME'S MEMORY (Blog)
ATTRAVERSO QUESTI GIORNI (Blog)
tracciatore_traccia@libero.it
|
October 19th, 2008, 05:00 AM
|
|
Retired
|
|
Join Date: Feb 2006
Posts: 20,294
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
|
October 19th, 2008, 05:23 AM
|
|
Editor, Senior Moderator
|
|
Join Date: Mar 2006
Posts: 8,703
|
|
Re: Influenza A(H1N1) virus resistance to oseltamivir - 2008 influenza season, southern hemisphere [WHO - NEW]
Quote:
Originally Posted by niman
|
Commentary
Additional Worldwide Fixing of H1N1 Tamiflu Resistance
Recombinomics Commentary 21:36
October 19, 2008
In South Africa, a total of 306 A(H1N1) viruses have been isolated during the 2008 influenza season as of 6 October.
Of those, 225 isolates have been tested for oseltamivir resistance by the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) and 100% were found to be resistant to oseltamivir by genotypic analysis
In Australia, 47 of 59, Argentina, 15 of 33, Chile, 10 of 79, Kenya, 1 of 4, New Caledonia, 7 of 7, New Zealand, 2 of 2, and Uruguay 13 of 16 A(H1N1) viruses analysed showed the specific neuraminidase mutation (H274Y) associated with oseltamivir resistance, respectively.
WHO has also received reports from NICs in other parts of the world; in Algeria, 4 of 13, Canada, 1of 2, Ghana 5 of 13, Guatemala, 4 of 5, Honduras, 5 of 8, Ivory Coast, 2 of 5, the Netherlands, 1 of 2, Nigeria, 1 of 1, Senegal 10 of 10 and the United States of America, 3 of 7 A(H1N1) viruses tested were found to be resistant, respectively.
The above comments describe a global expansion of H274Y in H1N1. In South Africa, where the dominant HA sequence has acquired five changes in proximity to position 190 (H3 numbering), 225/225 sequenced isolates have H274Y in NA. Other countries at 100% oseltamivir resistance include New Caledonia (7/7), New Zealand (2/2), Nigeria (1/1), Senegal (10/10). Countries with resistance at 50% or higher include Australia (47/59), Uraguay (13/26), and Canada (1/2), indicating the resistance is spreading worldwide.
Recent HA sequences from Kenya have two tandem changes, G604A and G605A, which are present in the South African and Seychelles isolates, signaling additional recombination. Two adjacent tandem changes (C610T and G617A) match H1N1 from the 1940’s, while the fifth change (A599G) is in a recent clade 2C isolate from Hong Kong. Four of the five changes produce non-synonymous changes flanking the receptor binding domain position at 190 (N187S, G189N, A193T).
The sequences with the cluster of changes evolved from the Brisbane/59 sub-clade that was dominant in northern Europe in 2007/2008. The result from South Africa suggests this sub-clade continues to evolve and expand. Some countries still have other H1N1 sub-clade in circulation, but the countries reporting H274Y levels at or near 100% of H1N1 isolates suggests this change will soon be fixed in H1N1 worldwide.
.
__________________
"The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation
|
|
|
Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests)
|
|
|
| Thread Tools |
Search this Thread |
|
|
|
| Display Modes |
 Linear Mode
|
Posting Rules
|
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts
HTML code is On
|
|
|
Disclaimer:
The reader is responsible for discerning the validity, factuality or implications of information posted here, be it fictional or based on real events. Moderators on this forum make every effort to review the material posted on this site however, it is not realistically possible for our staff to manually review each post.
The content of posts on this site, including but not limited to links to other web sites, are the expressed opinion of the original authors or posters and are not endorsed by, or representative of the opinions of, the owners or administration of this website. The posts on this website are the opinion of the specific author or poster and should not be construed as statements of advice or factual information.
Not all posts on this website are intended as truthful or factual assertion by their authors. NO posts on this website should be considered factual information on face value alone. Users are encouraged to USE DISCERNMENT and do their own follow up research while reading and posting on this website. FluTrackers.com Inc. reserves the right to make changes to, corrections and/or remove entirely at any time posts made on this website without notice. In addition, FluTrackers.com Inc. disclaims any and all liability for damages incurred directly or indirectly as a result of a post on this website.
This site is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. You should not assume that this site is error-free or that it will be suitable for the particular purpose which you have in mind when using it. In no event shall FluTrackers.com Inc. be liable for any special, incidental, indirect or consequential damages of any kind, or any damages whatsoever, including, without limitation, those resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether or not advised of the possibility of damage, and on any theory of liability, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of this site or other documents which are referenced by or linked to this site.
Finally, FluTrackers.com Inc. reserves the right to delete, correct, or make changes to any post on this website without notice at any time for any reason.
Fair Use Notice:
This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. Users may make such material available in an effort to advance awareness and understanding of issues relating to public health, civil rights, economics, individual rights, international affairs, liberty, science & technology, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C.Section 107, the material on this site is distributed to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.
In accordance with industry accepted best practices we ask that users limit their copy / paste of copyrighted material to the relevant portions of the article you wish to discuss and no more than 50% of the source material, provide a link back to the original article and provide your original comments / criticism in your post with the article. Please remember you are responsible for what you post on the internet and you could be sued by the original copyright holder if you do not honor these rules.
If you are a legal copyright holder or a designated agent for such and you believe a post on this website falls outside the boundaries of "Fair Use" and legitimately infringes on yours or your clients copyright
we may be contacted concerning copyright matters at:
FluTrackers.com Inc.
c/o Sharon Sanders
1676 Hibiscus Avenue
Winter Park, Florida 32789
Phone: 407-406-3037
E-Mail: flutrackers@earthlink.net
In accordance with section 512 of the U.S. Copyright Act our contact information has been registered with the United States Copyright Office. "Safe Harbor" noticing procedures as outlined in the DMCA apply to this website concerning all 3rd party posts published herein.
If notice is given of an alleged copyright violation we will act expeditiously to remove or disable access to the material(s) in question.
All 3rd party material posted on this website is the copyright of the respective owners / authors. FluTrackers.com Inc. makes no claim of copyright on such material.
For more information please visit:
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
Please be aware any communications sent complaining about a post on this website may be posted publicly at the discretion of the administration.
FluTrackers Does Not Provide Any Medical Advice:
FluTrackers, Inc. does not provide medical advice. Information on this web site is collected from various internet resources, and the FluTrackers board of directors makes no warranty to the safety, efficacy, correctness or completeness of the information posted on this site by any author or poster.
The information collated here is for instructional and/or discussion purposes only and is NOT intended to diagnose or treat any disease, illness, or other medical condition. Every individual reader or poster should seek advice from their personal physician/healthcare practitioner before considering or using any interventions that are discussed on this website.
By continuing to access this website you agree to consult your personal physican before using any interventions posted on this website, and you agree to hold harmless FluTrackers.com Inc., the board of directors, the members, and all authors and posters for any effects from use of any medication, supplement, vitamin or other substance, device, intervention, etc. mentioned in posts on this website, or other internet venues referenced in posts on this website.
By using and/or accessing this site, either passively or actively, you are agreeing to all of the above conditions. Also, by using and/or accessing this site, either passively or actively, you agree to conduct all business and legal affairs related to this website in the jurisdiction of Flutrackers.com Inc. which is registered in Central Florida, USA.
These Disclaimers are subject to change at anytime.
Email the Webmaster with questions or comments about this site at flutrackers@earthlink.net
All times are GMT -4. The time now is 04:54 PM.
|
