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Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

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  • Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

    Source: http://guancha.gmw.cn/content/2009-0...ent_880034.htm

    Google translation:

    Sporadic cases of avian flu were emerging: the outbreak of the El Nino is a precursor
    Yang Xuexiang publish time :2009-01-19 11:26:27光明网- bright observation [Font: Xinhuanet]

    Authors: Yang Xuexiang

    The Beijing News (Reporter魏铭statement) briefing yesterday in Beijing Health Bureau, Beijing confirmed case of human infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza cases. The patient died January 5 [1].

    Xinhua Taiyuan January 17 (Xinhua Gao Feng) press the evening of the 17th Shanxi Provincial Health Department informed indirectly, Shanxi confirmed case of human infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza cases [
    2].

    China Center for Disease Control deputy director of virus diseases, director of the Center for National Influenza舒跃龙researcher on the current general trend of human avian influenza speculation, the Chinese people will also be sporadic cases of bird flu continue to emerge. He disclosed that as of January 7 this year, including Beijing reported a case of confirmed bird flu deaths were included, the mainland of China has found that people diagnosed avian flu virus (H5N1) cases of 30 cases, 20 cases of death. The world's 15 countries confirmed cases of avian influenza virus were 393 cases, of which 248 cases of death, the fatality rate of more than 60% [3].

    Comprehensive data years 1890-2004, we can get influenza pandemic 6 climate features: Madre at its borders during the cold phase; the previous year or the first two years of moderate intensity for more than La Nina years; 50-70 during the 20th century At the same time, China's strong sandstorm years; before and after a year or year for the cold summer in Northeast China year (50-70 during the 20th century at the same time as serious cold damage years); was more than moderate intensity for El Nino years; year sunspot Valley for years, or m peak in M, m-1-year, m +1 or M +1 years. 1889-1890 years, in 1900 ,1918-1919 ,1957-1958 1968-1969 and 1977 bird flu outbreak are to meet this condition 6, At the same time, since 1890 to meet this condition, only 6 more than 6 times the outbreak of [4-6].

    2011,2015,2018-2019 was possible El Nino years ,2013-2014 ,2016-2017 was a possible La Nina years, the 2009 La Nina and El Nino may be converted in ,2011-2012 ,2018-2019 ,2022-2023 It is possible in the year sunspot extremum. Strengthen these years of earthquakes and bird flu prevention and monitoring is very important [4,6].

    Did not happen in 2008 as a result of El Nino events, while La Nina events that occurred in the possibility of increased [7], so the outbreak of influenza will be postponed. We are in early 2008 pointed out that the El Niño events on the possibility of delayed [6].

    1918-1919 ,1957-1958 1968-1969 is not just El Nino years, but also in sunspot maximum (peak), the influenza outbreak of intensity to become the largest in history against three major outbreak of influenza; 1900 and 1977 is not just El Nino years, but the minimum sunspot year (Valley), the influenza outbreak of the strength of small, which is often negligible.

    2007-2008 for the sunspot minimum ,2011-2012 years was possible sunspot maximum years. We in the inventory in 2008, made the following comments: As the 2008 El Niño events have not occurred, the influenza outbreak may be deferred to the sunspot maximum in 2011 years, the intensity will増large. The 2009-2011 El Nino and La Nina events of concern [8].

    El Niño events is a precursor to the outbreak of influenza. Concerned about the next El Niño events [9]!

    References:

    1.魏铭statement. Beijing one cases of confirmed human bird flu deaths. At 4:09 on January 7, 2009 Beijing News. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2009-01-07/040916991099.shtml

    2. Gao Feng. Shanxi confirmed case of human infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza cases. At 23:46 on January 17, 2009 Xinhuanet. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2009-01-17/234617065828.shtml

    3. Zeng Liming. Influenza Center, said China's human bird flu will be sporadic cases continue to emerge. At 19:28 on January 9, 2009 China News Network. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2009-01-09/192817013244.shtml

    4. Yang Dong-hong, Yang Xuexiang. Influenza pandemic the world's climate characteristics. Desert and oasis weather. 2007, (3) :1-8.

    5. Yang Dong-hong, Yang Xuexiang. Australia and the Antarctic sea ice in summer snow three climatic switch. Geophysics progress. 2007,22 (5) :1680-1685.

    6. Yang Xuexiang .2008 natural Prospects: continuing abnormal climate change. Published时间:2008-01-07 11:43:07光明网- bright observation. http://guancha.gmw.cn/content/2008-0...ent_719991.htm

    7. Yang Xuexiang. U.S. weather experts forecast: next year, La Nina weather the possibility of forming larger. 2008-12-30 10:01:48 published in Science. http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_c...aspx?id=207658

    8. Yang Xuexiang. Inventory of global climate anomalies in 2008. 2008-12-21 9:24:37 published in Science. http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_c....aspx?id=52064

    9. Yang Xuexiang. Influenza information in 2009: Beijing one cases of confirmed human bird flu deaths. 2009-1-7 7:12:43 published in a scientific network. http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_c...aspx?id=208931
    Last edited by sharon sanders; March 25, 2009, 09:29 AM. Reason: added bolding

  • #2
    Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

    Science News
    View archive | RSS Feed RSS Feed
    Study links El Nino and 1918 flu pandemic


    Published: Sept. 15, 2009 at 4:10 PM

    COLLEGE STATION, Texas, Sept. 15 (UPI) -- U.S. researchers say they've linked the 1918-1919 El Nino with the high mortality of the influenza pandemic
    of 1918.

    El Nino is the periodic warming of surface waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean that affects global weather systems. The El Nino of 1918-1919 -- among the 20th century's strongest -- coincided with the start of the influenza pandemic that scientists say infected more than half a billion people around the world, killing 25 million to 100 million individuals. That H1N1 pandemic, often called the Spanish Flu, is the same strain formerly called swine flu that is of concern today.

    Researchers from Texas A&M University said they used computer modeling to conduct a simulation of global ocean surface temperatures that occurred early during the 20th century. Results show the 1918-1919 El Nino was just as strong as two of the strongest ever observed -- the El Nino's of 1982-1983 and 1997-1998.

    Professor Benjamin Giese, a study author, said the findings suggest the number of influenza deaths in India during 1918 was high because El Nino led to a drought-caused famine that killed people already weakened by the flu.

    The study appears in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.
    U.S. researchers say they've linked the 1918-1919 El Nino with the high mortality of the influenza pandemic of 1918.


    This years pandemic may cause further problems with nitrate levels being higher than in previous decades and drought conditions making these levels even higher in the groundwater.

    See also this thread:http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...d.php?t=118455
    "The only security we have is our ability to adapt."

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

      full paper:


      thanks for the preliminary version !
      give us the data in computer-readable form, so we can check it,
      so we can do additional tests, elaborate,refine,extend the analysis.
      Attached Files
      I'm interested in expert panflu damage estimates
      my current links: http://bit.ly/hFI7H ILI-charts: http://bit.ly/CcRgT

      Comment


      • #4
        Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

        > Professor Benjamin Giese, a study author, said the findings
        > suggest the number of influenza deaths in India during 1918
        > was high because El Nino led to a drought-caused famine that
        > killed people already weakened by the flu.

        I never heard this, that flu makes people more vulnerable to famine.
        Wasn't it the other way round (if there is any connection) :
        people with bad nutrition were more likely to die from flu ?
        I'm interested in expert panflu damage estimates
        my current links: http://bit.ly/hFI7H ILI-charts: http://bit.ly/CcRgT

        Comment


        • #5
          Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic






          I have the MEI now from ,

          but couldn't verify the finding of the paper so well.
          The data for 2002-2007 not yet included in the paper doesn't fit well.
          For indices for 1985 to 2007 for MEI and ILI (Nino en automne,grippe en hiver):
          I get correlation 0.32, 1985-2002 was 0.42 in the paper they have 0.65
          I have a picture here:

          upper curve is MEI reversed,

          lower pixels France ILI-cases, circles yearly average of ILI


          on remarque par exemple la grippe 1918 est sur un pic solaire






          ici quelques graphes de grippe en Allemagne


          seasonalite en Englais:



          61 pages, pdf. Lofgrens thesis ,2006, about flu-seasonality ! (haven't yet read it)




          j'ai trouve cela:



          pour Paris 1997-2008
          I'm interested in expert panflu damage estimates
          my current links: http://bit.ly/hFI7H ILI-charts: http://bit.ly/CcRgT

          Comment


          • #6
            Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

            Correlation is not causation. What is the causal link between El Nino and increases in the virulence or the rate of infection in reoccurring pandemics?

            Comment


            • #7
              Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

              It might be only a coincidence, but La Gloria was experiencing a drought when the flu hit there early this spring. Edgar's mother mentioned it in one of the newspaper articles.

              Flu loves low humidity; it might not be a cause but could it serve as an assistant?
              The salvage of human life ought to be placed above barter and exchange ~ Louis Harris, 1918

              Comment


              • #8
                Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

                GSGS also has a point. Famine results in malnutrition, and as one specific example (there are many), even a marginal zinc deficiency will compromise immune system function and predispose individuals to infections, and especially secondary bacterial infections after influenza, such as pneumonia. This is very well documented in clincial trials in multiple age groups.

                Thus if there was famine during 1918, it would be likely to have contributed to the overall mortality rates.

                Comment


                • #9
                  Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

                  Does it make sense that during El Nino years, Canadian & Alaskan northern permafrost lakes are more likely to thaw, giving migrating birds exposure to flu viruses which might have been frozen for hundreds or thousands of years?

                  A couple of months ago there was a publication about this possibility.

                  For sure, this will not happen every El Nino year, but once every 40 years or so you could have a good hit, just by chance, because a lake suddenly thaws (partially) and birds start to settle there.

                  If 1918-H1N1 was a bird flu, it's likely frozen in a lake somewhere ???

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

                    markovth, no, we would see it in the sequences.
                    vibrant62, I remember they had mortality rates from Indian
                    provinces in the 2006 Harvard paper Murray et. al
                    now compare with the famine-data, which provinces were hit

                    excess mortality in 1918 in India:

                    India: 4.39%
                    Bengal/Sikkim: 2.33%
                    Bihar/Orissa:3.60%
                    Bombay:6.18%
                    Burma:2.12%
                    Central/Berar:7.82%
                    Coorg:3.44%
                    Madras:2.59%
                    Punjab/Delhi:4.57%
                    United Provinces:7.09%


                    > Commentators at the time attributed this huge variation to differences
                    > in nutritional status and diurnal fluctuations in temperature(50)

                    50:Mills ID, Influenza in India, 1918-1919, in Dyson,T ed. India's
                    historical demography , studies in famine ,disease and society,
                    London:Curzon Press, 1989, p.222-60
                    I'm interested in expert panflu damage estimates
                    my current links: http://bit.ly/hFI7H ILI-charts: http://bit.ly/CcRgT

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

                      I have the priviledge for years just as with tracking emergin diseases to a network that focus on the sunspots, Dalton and Maunder minimum, the consequent magnetosphere, NEO, volcanic and telluric activities.

                      Up to 1913, there where almost no sunspots, the Earth weather got down (just like now) crops fail to give their good harvest and famine follow, war got in and there was an heatwave in 1915

                      cf to
                      Heat wave of 1915-1916

                      Global Cooling Discussion Thread ( 1 2 3)

                      The Cholera Epidemic in Upper Canada 1832-1866

                      In astrophysician network we are wondering if the alteration of the electro Magnetic field of the Earth in times of no Sunspots might not trigger something in the physical of viruses thus explaining the simultaneity of virulence change around the world in synchronicity.

                      Snowy Owlound

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Re: Outbreak of the El Nino Maybe a Precursor to Influenza Pandemic

                        <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width=545 align=center border=0><TBODY><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD align=middle>EL NI?O/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO) </TD></TR><TR><TD align=middle>DIAGNOSTIC DISCUSSION </TD></TR><TR><TD align=middle>issued by
                        CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER/NCEP

                        </TD></TR><TR><TD align=middle>10 December 2009 </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD>
                        ENSO Alert System Status: El Ni?o Advisory



                        </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD>Spanish Version



                        </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD align=justify>Synopsis: El Ni?o is expected to continue and last at least into the Northern Hemisphere spring 2010.
                        El Ni?o strengthened from October to November 2009, as sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies increased across the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). The Ni?o-3.4 index value remained steady during November with the most recent weekly value at +1.7<SUP>o</SUP>C (Fig. 2). Consistent with this warmth, upper-ocean heat content anomalies remained positive (Fig. 3) and subsurface temperature anomalies shifted eastward across the eastern Pacific, with the largest departures exceeding +4<SUP>o</SUP>C by the end of the month (Fig. 4). Also, the low-level and upper-level wind anomalies over the equatorial Pacific were highly variable during the month due to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). The MJO also contributed to anomalous convection over Indonesia and the west-central equatorial Pacific (110<SUP>o</SUP>E to 180<SUP>o</SUP>; Fig. 5). Collectively, these oceanic and atmospheric anomalies reflect a moderate strength El Ni?o.
                        Substantial disagreement remains among the models as to the eventual peak strength of El Ni?o (Fig. 6). Even at short lead times (e.g. November-December-January), SST forecasts for the Ni?o-3.4 region range from +0.5 to +2.0<SUP>o</SUP>C. At this point, it seems equally likely that El Ni?o will either strengthen further or remain at moderate strength (3-month Ni?o-3.4 SST index of +1.0 to +1.4<SUP>o</SUP>C) during the next few months. Regardless of the precise peak strength, El Ni?o is expected to exert a significant influence on the global weather and climate in the coming months. Most models indicate that SST anomalies in the Ni?o-3.4 region will begin to decrease in early 2010, but El Ni?o will persist through March-April-May 2010.
                        Expected El Ni?o impacts during December 2009-February 2010 include enhanced precipitation over the central tropical Pacific Ocean and a continuation of drier-than-average conditions over Indonesia. Also, warming in the far eastern equatorial Pacific is likely in the coming months with the associated potential for enhanced rainfall in portions of Peru and Ecuador. For the contiguous United States, potential impacts include above-average precipitation for the southern tier of the country, with below-average precipitation in the Pacific Northwest and the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys. Below-average snowfall and above-average temperatures are most likely across the northern tier of states (excluding New England), while below-average temperatures are favored for the southeastern states.
                        This discussion is a consolidated effort of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA?s National Weather Service, and their funded institutions. Oceanic and atmospheric conditions are updated weekly on the Climate Prediction Center web site (El Ni?o/La Ni?a Current Conditions and Expert Discussions). Forecasts for the evolution of El Ni?o/La Ni?a are updated monthly in the Forecast Forum section of CPC's Climate Diagnostics Bulletin. The next ENSO Diagnostics Discussion is scheduled for 7 January 2010. To receive an e-mail notification when the monthly ENSO Diagnostic Discussions are released, please send an e-mail message to: ncep.list.enso-update@noaa.gov.


                        </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD></TR><TR><TD align=middle>Climate Prediction Center
                        National Centers for Environmental Prediction
                        NOAA/National Weather Service
                        Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304





                        </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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