tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Adv Sci (Weinh)
. 2024 Oct 29:e2403503.
doi: 10.1002/advs.202403503. Online ahead of print. Humoral Immunity Profiling to Pandemic and Bat-Derived Coronavirus Variants: A Geographical Comparison
Parinaz Fathi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andrea Lucia Alfonso[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christina Yek[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zoe Putman[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Matthew Drew[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Dominic Esposito[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Irfan Zaidi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sophana Chea[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sokna Ly[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Rathanak Sath[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chanthap Lon[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Huch Chea[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rithea Leang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rekol Huy[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sovann Ly[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Heng Seng[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Chee Wah Tan[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP], Feng Zhu[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Lin-Fa Wang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Fabiano Oliveira[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kaitlyn Sadtler[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessica Manning[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Dynamic pathogen exposure may impact the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2). One potential explanation for the lack of severe SCV2-related morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia is prior exposure to related betacoronaviruses. Recent discoveries of SCV2-related betacoronaviruses from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia suggest the potential for bat-to-human spillover exposures in the region. In this work, serum antibodies to protein constructs from SCV2 and a representative bat coronavirus isolated in Cambodia (RshSTT182) are measured in pre-pandemic Cambodian human sera using ELISA assays. Of 293 Cambodian samples tested (N = 131 with acute malaria, n = 162 with acute undifferentiated febrile illness), 32 (10.9%) are seropositive for SCV2 based on established Spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) cutoffs. Within SCV2 seropositive samples, 16 (50%) have higher antibody levels to antigens from the representative virus RshSTT182 versus SCV2 antigens; competitive binding ELISA assays demonstrate inhibition of reactivity to SCV2 Spike after pre-incubation with RshSTT182 Spike. Surrogate virus neutralization tests demonstrate that 8/30 (26.7%) SCV2 ELISA positive pre-pandemic Cambodian samples have neutralizing activity against SCV2, while 14/30 (46.7%) have activity against other SCV2-related betacoronaviruses. These data suggest that exposure to related betacoronaviruses may elicit cross-reactive immunity to SCV2 prior to the global pandemic.
Keywords: SARS‐CoV‐2; antibodies; bats; betacoronaviruses; cross‐reactivity.
. 2024 Oct 29:e2403503.
doi: 10.1002/advs.202403503. Online ahead of print. Humoral Immunity Profiling to Pandemic and Bat-Derived Coronavirus Variants: A Geographical Comparison
Parinaz Fathi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andrea Lucia Alfonso[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christina Yek[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zoe Putman[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Matthew Drew[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Dominic Esposito[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Irfan Zaidi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sophana Chea[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sokna Ly[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Rathanak Sath[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chanthap Lon[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Huch Chea[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rithea Leang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rekol Huy[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sovann Ly[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Heng Seng[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Chee Wah Tan[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP], Feng Zhu[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Lin-Fa Wang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Fabiano Oliveira[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kaitlyn Sadtler[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessica Manning[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39471070
- DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403503
Dynamic pathogen exposure may impact the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2). One potential explanation for the lack of severe SCV2-related morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia is prior exposure to related betacoronaviruses. Recent discoveries of SCV2-related betacoronaviruses from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia suggest the potential for bat-to-human spillover exposures in the region. In this work, serum antibodies to protein constructs from SCV2 and a representative bat coronavirus isolated in Cambodia (RshSTT182) are measured in pre-pandemic Cambodian human sera using ELISA assays. Of 293 Cambodian samples tested (N = 131 with acute malaria, n = 162 with acute undifferentiated febrile illness), 32 (10.9%) are seropositive for SCV2 based on established Spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) cutoffs. Within SCV2 seropositive samples, 16 (50%) have higher antibody levels to antigens from the representative virus RshSTT182 versus SCV2 antigens; competitive binding ELISA assays demonstrate inhibition of reactivity to SCV2 Spike after pre-incubation with RshSTT182 Spike. Surrogate virus neutralization tests demonstrate that 8/30 (26.7%) SCV2 ELISA positive pre-pandemic Cambodian samples have neutralizing activity against SCV2, while 14/30 (46.7%) have activity against other SCV2-related betacoronaviruses. These data suggest that exposure to related betacoronaviruses may elicit cross-reactive immunity to SCV2 prior to the global pandemic.
Keywords: SARS‐CoV‐2; antibodies; bats; betacoronaviruses; cross‐reactivity.