tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
BMJ Open
. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):e083470.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083470. Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among household heads in northern Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study
Suleiman Idris Ahmad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hafiz Aliyu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rabi Usman[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Ahmed Abubakar[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Muhammad Abdullahi Maijawa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Bello Abdullahi Suleiman[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Muhammad Shakir Balogun[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Abdulhakeem Olorukooba[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Abubakar Maiyaki[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Muhammadu Sani Abubakar[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Aisha Abdulazeez Abba[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mohammed Yisa[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Ismail Zubair[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Chinedu Hastings Onu[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Tenmuso David Jatau[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Fatima Garba[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Sabitu Kabir[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Objectives: COVID-19 vaccine was rolled out for the public in August 2021 in Zamfara state, Northen Nigeria. We determined the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
Settings: We executed a community-based analytical cross-sectional study during the first 4 months of the second phase of the COVID-19 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) mass vaccination campaign in Zamfara state.
Participants: We used multistage sampling to select 910 household heads.
Outcome measures: We used a semistructured electronic questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, uptake and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine between 12 October and 20 December 2021. We calculated frequencies, proportions, adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance using logistic regression.
Results: Our respondents had a median age of 48 years (IQR: 37-55), 78.1% (711) were men, a majority more than 30 years, and only 8.9% (81) had received COVID-19 vaccine. Of the 829 unvaccinated respondents, 10.1% (84) accepted to take the vaccine, the current week of the interview while 12.2% (101) rejected the vaccine. Individuals aged 30 years and older (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.94, p=0.018), who owned a mobile phone (aOR=25.35, 95% CI 11.23 to 57.23, p<0.001) and a television (aOR=3.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 12.69, p=0.036), with medium-high levels of trust (aOR=7.41, 95% CI 3.10 to 17.74, p<0.001), and those with a medium-high (positive) levels of attitude (aOR=1.82, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.11, p=0.029) were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Also, those who had been vaccinated with other vaccines (aOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.43, p=0.027) and those previously tested for COVID-19 (aOR=2.0, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.66, p=0.023) were also more likely to accept it.
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine had a poor uptake and acceptance. Factors such as age, awareness, trust and previous vaccination experience played a significant role in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. We recommended targeted public health campaigns, improving community engagement and building trust in community leaders, healthcare providers and public health institutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; Community-Based Participatory Research; Immunization Programs; SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Vaccination.
. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):e083470.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083470. Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among household heads in northern Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study
Suleiman Idris Ahmad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hafiz Aliyu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rabi Usman[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Ahmed Abubakar[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Muhammad Abdullahi Maijawa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Bello Abdullahi Suleiman[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Muhammad Shakir Balogun[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Abdulhakeem Olorukooba[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Abubakar Maiyaki[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Muhammadu Sani Abubakar[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Aisha Abdulazeez Abba[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mohammed Yisa[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Ismail Zubair[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Chinedu Hastings Onu[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Tenmuso David Jatau[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Fatima Garba[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Sabitu Kabir[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39788760
- DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083470
Objectives: COVID-19 vaccine was rolled out for the public in August 2021 in Zamfara state, Northen Nigeria. We determined the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
Settings: We executed a community-based analytical cross-sectional study during the first 4 months of the second phase of the COVID-19 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) mass vaccination campaign in Zamfara state.
Participants: We used multistage sampling to select 910 household heads.
Outcome measures: We used a semistructured electronic questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, uptake and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine between 12 October and 20 December 2021. We calculated frequencies, proportions, adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance using logistic regression.
Results: Our respondents had a median age of 48 years (IQR: 37-55), 78.1% (711) were men, a majority more than 30 years, and only 8.9% (81) had received COVID-19 vaccine. Of the 829 unvaccinated respondents, 10.1% (84) accepted to take the vaccine, the current week of the interview while 12.2% (101) rejected the vaccine. Individuals aged 30 years and older (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.94, p=0.018), who owned a mobile phone (aOR=25.35, 95% CI 11.23 to 57.23, p<0.001) and a television (aOR=3.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 12.69, p=0.036), with medium-high levels of trust (aOR=7.41, 95% CI 3.10 to 17.74, p<0.001), and those with a medium-high (positive) levels of attitude (aOR=1.82, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.11, p=0.029) were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Also, those who had been vaccinated with other vaccines (aOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.43, p=0.027) and those previously tested for COVID-19 (aOR=2.0, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.66, p=0.023) were also more likely to accept it.
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine had a poor uptake and acceptance. Factors such as age, awareness, trust and previous vaccination experience played a significant role in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. We recommended targeted public health campaigns, improving community engagement and building trust in community leaders, healthcare providers and public health institutions.
Keywords: COVID-19; Community-Based Participatory Research; Immunization Programs; SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Vaccination.