tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Host Microbe
. 2021 Dec 7;S1931-3128(21)00570-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.005. Online ahead of print.
Pre-existing humoral immunity to human common cold coronaviruses negatively impacts the protective SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
Chun-Yang Lin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joshua Wolf[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David C Brice[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yilun Sun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Macauley Locke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sean Cherry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ashley H Castellaw[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marie Wehenkel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jeremy Chase Crawford[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Veronika I Zarnitsyna[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Daniel Duque[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Kim J Allison[SUP] 2 [/SUP], E Kaitlynn Allen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Scott A Brown[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alexandra H Mandarano[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jeremie H Estepp[SUP] 7 [/SUP], SJTRC Study Team[SUP] 8 [/SUP]; Charles Taylor[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Carmen Molina-Paris[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Stacey Schultz-Cherry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Li Tang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Paul G Thomas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maureen A McGargill[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Collaborators, Affiliations
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to respiratory distress and death. A major unresolved question is whether prior immunity to endemic, human common cold coronaviruses (hCCCoVs) impacts susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection or immunity following infection and vaccination. Therefore, we analyzed samples from the same individuals before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We found hCCCoV antibody levels increase after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, demonstrating cross-reactivity. However, a case-control study indicates that baseline hCCCoV antibody levels are not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rather, higher magnitudes of pre-existing betacoronavirus antibodies correlate with more SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following infection, an indicator of greater disease severity. Additionally, immunization with hCCCoV spike proteins before SARS-CoV-2 immunization impedes the generation of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in mice. Together, these data suggest that pre-existing hCCCoV antibodies hinder SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based immunity following infection and provide insight on how pre-existing coronavirus immunity impacts SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is critical considering emerging variants.
Keywords: 229E; COVID-19; HKU1; NL63; OC43; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; pre-existing immunity
. 2021 Dec 7;S1931-3128(21)00570-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.005. Online ahead of print.
Pre-existing humoral immunity to human common cold coronaviruses negatively impacts the protective SARS-CoV-2 antibody response
Chun-Yang Lin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joshua Wolf[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David C Brice[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yilun Sun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Macauley Locke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sean Cherry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ashley H Castellaw[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marie Wehenkel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jeremy Chase Crawford[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Veronika I Zarnitsyna[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Daniel Duque[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Kim J Allison[SUP] 2 [/SUP], E Kaitlynn Allen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Scott A Brown[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alexandra H Mandarano[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jeremie H Estepp[SUP] 7 [/SUP], SJTRC Study Team[SUP] 8 [/SUP]; Charles Taylor[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Carmen Molina-Paris[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Stacey Schultz-Cherry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Li Tang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Paul G Thomas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maureen A McGargill[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 34965382
- DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.005
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diverse outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to respiratory distress and death. A major unresolved question is whether prior immunity to endemic, human common cold coronaviruses (hCCCoVs) impacts susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection or immunity following infection and vaccination. Therefore, we analyzed samples from the same individuals before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. We found hCCCoV antibody levels increase after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, demonstrating cross-reactivity. However, a case-control study indicates that baseline hCCCoV antibody levels are not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rather, higher magnitudes of pre-existing betacoronavirus antibodies correlate with more SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following infection, an indicator of greater disease severity. Additionally, immunization with hCCCoV spike proteins before SARS-CoV-2 immunization impedes the generation of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in mice. Together, these data suggest that pre-existing hCCCoV antibodies hinder SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based immunity following infection and provide insight on how pre-existing coronavirus immunity impacts SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is critical considering emerging variants.
Keywords: 229E; COVID-19; HKU1; NL63; OC43; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; pre-existing immunity