Shiloh
Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/07/news-scan-jul-15-2020
News Scan for Jul 15, 2020
DRC Ebola case, death; Antimicrobial use in UK cats, dogs
Filed Under:
Ebola; VHF; Antimicrobial Stewardship
Ebola infects 1 more in the DRC, 1 more death reported
Health officials in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have confirmed one more Ebola case in the outbreak in Equateur province, raising the total to 52, the World Health Organization (WHO) African regional office said on Twitter today.
One more death, which could involve the latest patient, was reported, raising the fatality count to 21. Of the 52 cases reported so far, 49 are confirmed, and 3 are listed as probable.
The event marks the DRC's 11th Ebola outbreak, which is occurring in the same location as its 9th outbreak. The total in the current outbreak is approaching that of the 9th outbreak, which occurred in 2018 and resulted in 54 cases, 33 of them fatal.
Jul 15 WHO African regional office tweet
Vaccination linked to fewer antibiotics for cats and dogs
An analysis of electronic health records from UK veterinary practices found frequent antimicrobial prescribing for cats and dogs but identified vaccination as one of the factors associated with slightly reduced odds of receiving an antibiotic, UK researchers reported today in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
For the study, researchers from the University of Liverpool, University of Bristol, and the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency analyzed records of unwell dogs and cats treated at 173 veterinary practices from 2014 through 2016, looking for antimicrobial prescriptions and exploring associations between antimicrobial prescribing and a range of veterinary practice, practitioner, client, and animal-related factors. They analyzed data on 281,543 consultations for sick dogs and 111,139 sick cats.
The analysis found that systemic antimicrobial were prescribed in 25.7% of dog consultations, with topical antimicrobials prescribed in 14.2% and highest-priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIAs) prescribed in 1.4%. For cats, antimicrobials were prescribed in 32.9% of consultations, with topical antimicrobials prescribed in 6.1% of visits and HPCIAs prescribed in 17.3% of visits. Prescription of antimicrobial drugs for dogs and cats was most commonly associated with respiratory symptoms.
Using multivariable mixed effects logistics regression, the researchers found that factors associated with decreased odds of systemic antimicrobial prescription were client decisions focused on preventive health: vaccination (dogs, odds ratio [OR] 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 0.95; cats, OR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.95), insurance (dogs, OR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.90; cats, OR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.86), neutering of dogs (OR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.92), and attending veterinary practices accredited by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS)(dogs, OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.92). Mixed practices (companion and large animal) practices were associated with increased odds of systemic antimicrobial prescription for both dogs and cats (dogs, OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01 t0 1.30; cats, OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.39).
"Although factors influencing decision-making remain multifactorial and complex, our findings suggest that gathering clinical evidence surrounding respiratory disease might be of value to stewardship," the authors of the study concluded. "Preventive healthcare could also play a role in stewardship and should form the basis of client-targeted health messaging."
Jul 15 Emerg Infect Dis study
News Scan for Jul 15, 2020
DRC Ebola case, death; Antimicrobial use in UK cats, dogs
Filed Under:
Ebola; VHF; Antimicrobial Stewardship
Ebola infects 1 more in the DRC, 1 more death reported
Health officials in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have confirmed one more Ebola case in the outbreak in Equateur province, raising the total to 52, the World Health Organization (WHO) African regional office said on Twitter today.
One more death, which could involve the latest patient, was reported, raising the fatality count to 21. Of the 52 cases reported so far, 49 are confirmed, and 3 are listed as probable.
The event marks the DRC's 11th Ebola outbreak, which is occurring in the same location as its 9th outbreak. The total in the current outbreak is approaching that of the 9th outbreak, which occurred in 2018 and resulted in 54 cases, 33 of them fatal.
Jul 15 WHO African regional office tweet
Vaccination linked to fewer antibiotics for cats and dogs
An analysis of electronic health records from UK veterinary practices found frequent antimicrobial prescribing for cats and dogs but identified vaccination as one of the factors associated with slightly reduced odds of receiving an antibiotic, UK researchers reported today in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
For the study, researchers from the University of Liverpool, University of Bristol, and the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency analyzed records of unwell dogs and cats treated at 173 veterinary practices from 2014 through 2016, looking for antimicrobial prescriptions and exploring associations between antimicrobial prescribing and a range of veterinary practice, practitioner, client, and animal-related factors. They analyzed data on 281,543 consultations for sick dogs and 111,139 sick cats.
The analysis found that systemic antimicrobial were prescribed in 25.7% of dog consultations, with topical antimicrobials prescribed in 14.2% and highest-priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIAs) prescribed in 1.4%. For cats, antimicrobials were prescribed in 32.9% of consultations, with topical antimicrobials prescribed in 6.1% of visits and HPCIAs prescribed in 17.3% of visits. Prescription of antimicrobial drugs for dogs and cats was most commonly associated with respiratory symptoms.
Using multivariable mixed effects logistics regression, the researchers found that factors associated with decreased odds of systemic antimicrobial prescription were client decisions focused on preventive health: vaccination (dogs, odds ratio [OR] 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 0.95; cats, OR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.95), insurance (dogs, OR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.90; cats, OR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.86), neutering of dogs (OR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.92), and attending veterinary practices accredited by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS)(dogs, OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.92). Mixed practices (companion and large animal) practices were associated with increased odds of systemic antimicrobial prescription for both dogs and cats (dogs, OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01 t0 1.30; cats, OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.39).
"Although factors influencing decision-making remain multifactorial and complex, our findings suggest that gathering clinical evidence surrounding respiratory disease might be of value to stewardship," the authors of the study concluded. "Preventive healthcare could also play a role in stewardship and should form the basis of client-targeted health messaging."
Jul 15 Emerg Infect Dis study