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Clin. Inf. Dis: Isolation of a Novel Recombinant Canine Coronavirus from a Visitor to Haiti - Further Evidence of Transmission of Coronaviruses of Zoo

Shiloh

Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsa...rom-dogs-infects-people-in-malaysia-and-haiti


New coronavirus, likely from dogs, infects people in Malaysia and Haiti
November 5, 20214:22 PM ET
Michaeleen Doucleff 2016 square

Early in 2017, a team of medical personnel, including doctors, nurses and volunteers, returned home to Florida after volunteering at a clinic in Haiti. Soon after their return, 20 members of the team began to feel a bit under the weather. "They had a slight fever and didn't feel 100% right," says virologist John Lednicky at the University of Florida. "But they weren't very sick."

At the time, Zika virus was circulating in Haiti, and health officials were worried the travelers might have been infected, potentially importing the mosquito-borne illness to Florida. So officials took urine samples from each traveler and asked Lednicky to test for Zika.

Lednicky ran the standard PCR tests for the virus, and they all came back negative. But he wasn't satisfied. He had a hunch that the urine samples did contain a virus — not Zika but something else.

So he took a little bit of the urine from six of the travelers and added it to a special solution of monkey cells. The goal was deceptively simple: to see if any viruses in the urine would infect the monkey cells, start replicating and grow to detectable levels. Then Lednicky could collect the virus's genes and identify it.


"This is what we do in our lab," Lednicky says. "We cast a wide net. We try to isolate viruses. And oftentimes, when we do that, the unexpected happens."

Indeed, the unexpected occurred.

"We found a coronavirus," he says. And not just any coronavirus, but one that many scientists believe may be a new human pathogen — likely the 8th coronavirus known to cause disease in people. Turns out, this coronavirus in the Haiti travelers has cropped up previously, on the other side of the globe.
Coronavirus From Dogs Likely Causes Pneumonia In Kids

Back in May, scientists at Duke University, reported they had detected a nearly identical virus coronavirus in children at a Malaysian hospital...
 
Isolation of a Novel Recombinant Canine Coronavirus from a Visitor to Haiti: Further Evidence of Transmission of Coronaviruses of Zoonotic Origin to Humans


John A Lednicky, Massimiliano S Tagliamonte, Sarah K White, Gabriela M Blohm, Md Mahbubul Alam, Nicole M Iovine, Marco Salemi, Carla Mavian, J Glenn Morris, Jr
Author Notes
Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciab924, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab924
Published:

28 October 2021


Abstract

We isolated a novel coronavirus from a medical team member presenting with fever and malaise after travel to Haiti. The virus showed 99.4% similarity with a recombinant canine coronavirus recently identified in a pneumonia patient in Malaysia, suggesting that infection with this virus and/or recombinant variants occurs in multiple locations.

https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab924/6413759?searchresult=1
 
They haven't proved that the virus reported to be found in Malaysia is a human pathogen, much less that it caused pneumonia.

https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab456/6278597?login=true
"If confirmed as a pathogen, it may represent the eighth unique coronavirus known to cause disease in humans."

Later cell culture research was unable to confirm.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8542962/
"The ability of the CCoVs to form CPE in A72 cells and the HCoV‐229E to infect MRC.5 cells has been previously described.[SUP] 9 [/SUP][SUP], [/SUP][SUP] 12 [/SUP][SUP], [/SUP][SUP] 13 [/SUP] Our experiments suggest that the studied human lung cells are not receptive for CCoV‐HuPn‐2018 infection and replication, despite their expression of APN receptors."

It wouldn't even infect MDCK (canine kidney) cells like the latest discovery. Was it really a canine virus? An "apparent canine origin" is tepid certainty. And if the Haiti urine virus is canine zoonotic, the infection could have served as a mild immunization against more serious coronaviruses.

"Samples were deidentified after initial screening by RT-PCR for Zika, limiting our ability to obtain detailed clinical and epidemiological information on specific infected individuals; however, all members of the group reported mild fever and malaise, and all recovered uneventfully."

Our relationships with companion animals are overall beneficial.
 
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