tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J R Soc Interface. 2013 Feb 6;10(81):20121019. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2012.1019. Print 2013.
Epidemiological consequences of household-based antiviral prophylaxis for pandemic influenza.
Black AJ, House T, Keeling MJ, Ross JV.
Source
Stochastic Modelling Group, School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Abstract
Antiviral treatment offers a fast acting alternative to vaccination; as such it is viewed as a first-line of defence against pandemic influenza in protecting families and households once infection has been detected. In clinical trials, antiviral treatments have been shown to be efficacious in preventing infection, limiting disease and reducing transmission, yet their impact at containing the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm outbreak was limited. To understand this seeming discrepancy, we develop a general and computationally efficient model for studying household-based interventions. This allows us to account for uncertainty in quantities relevant to the 2009 pandemic in a principled way, accounting for the heterogeneity and variability in each epidemiological process modelled. We find that the population-level effects of delayed antiviral treatment and prophylaxis mean that their limited overall impact is quantitatively consistent (at current levels of precision) with their reported clinical efficacy under ideal conditions. Hence, effective control of pandemic influenza with antivirals is critically dependent on early detection and delivery ideally within 24 h.
PMID:
23389899
[PubMed - in process]
Free full text
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23389899
Epidemiological consequences of household-based antiviral prophylaxis for pandemic influenza.
Black AJ, House T, Keeling MJ, Ross JV.
Source
Stochastic Modelling Group, School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Abstract
Antiviral treatment offers a fast acting alternative to vaccination; as such it is viewed as a first-line of defence against pandemic influenza in protecting families and households once infection has been detected. In clinical trials, antiviral treatments have been shown to be efficacious in preventing infection, limiting disease and reducing transmission, yet their impact at containing the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm outbreak was limited. To understand this seeming discrepancy, we develop a general and computationally efficient model for studying household-based interventions. This allows us to account for uncertainty in quantities relevant to the 2009 pandemic in a principled way, accounting for the heterogeneity and variability in each epidemiological process modelled. We find that the population-level effects of delayed antiviral treatment and prophylaxis mean that their limited overall impact is quantitatively consistent (at current levels of precision) with their reported clinical efficacy under ideal conditions. Hence, effective control of pandemic influenza with antivirals is critically dependent on early detection and delivery ideally within 24 h.
PMID:
23389899
[PubMed - in process]
Free full text
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23389899