tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
. 2021 Jul 1;11:663884.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.663884. eCollection 2021.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Among COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Pediatric Pneumonias: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Zhongwei Jia[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Xiangyu Yan[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Liwei Gao[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Shenggang Ding[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yan Bai[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Yuejie Zheng[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Yuxia Cui[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Xianfeng Wang[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Jingfeng Li[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Gen Lu[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Yi Xu[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Xiangyu Zhang[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Junhua Li[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Ning Chen[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Yunxiao Shang[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mingfeng Han[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Jun Liu[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Hourong Zhou[SUP] 17 18 [/SUP], Cen Li[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Wanqiu Lu[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Jun Liu[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Lina Wang[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Qihong Fan[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Jiang Wu[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Hanling Shen[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Rong Jiao[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Chunxi Chen[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Xiaoling Gao[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Maoqiang Tian[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Wei Lu[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Yonghong Yang[SUP] 28 29 [/SUP], Gary Wing-Kin Wong[SUP] 30 [/SUP], Tianyou Wang[SUP] 31 [/SUP], Runming Jin[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Adong Shen[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Baoping Xu[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Kunling Shen[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) brings new challenges for pediatricians, especially in the differentiation with non-COVID-19 pneumonia in the peak season of pneumonia. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory pathogens infected pneumonias.
Methods: We conducted a multi-center, cross-sectional study of pediatric inpatients in China. Based on pathogenic test results, pediatric patients were divided into three groups, including COVID-19 pneumonia group, Non-COVID-19 viral (NCV) pneumonia group and Non-viral (NV) pneumonia group. Their clinical characteristics were compared by Kruskal-Wallis H test or chi-square test.
Results: A total of 636 pediatric pneumonia inpatients, among which 87 in COVID-19 group, 194 in NCV group, and 355 in NV group, were included in analysis. Compared with NCV and NV patients, COVID-19 patients were older (median age 6.33, IQR 2.00-12.00 years), and relatively fewer COVID-19 patients presented fever (63.2%), cough (60.9%), shortness of breath (1.1%), and abnormal pulmonary auscultation (18.4%). The results were verified by the comparison of COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A (IFA) pneumonia patients. Approximately 42.5%, 44.8%, and 12.6% of the COVID-19 patients presented simply ground-glass opacity (GGO), simply consolidation, and the both changes on computed tomography (CT) scans, respectively; the proportions were similar as those in NCV and NV group (p>0.05). Only 47.1% of COVID-19 patients had both lungs pneumonia, which was significantly lower than that proportion of nearly 80% in the other two groups. COVID-19 patients presented lower proportions of increased white blood cell count (16.5%) and abnormal procalcitonin (PCT) (10.7%), and a higher proportion of decreased lymphocyte count (44.0%) compared with the other two groups.
Conclusion: Majority clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia patients were milder than non-COVID-19 patients. However, lymphocytopenia remained a prominent feature of COVID-19 pediatric pneumonia.
Keywords: COVID-19 pneumonia; clinical characteristics; non-viral pneumonia; pediatric patients; viral pneumonia.
. 2021 Jul 1;11:663884.
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.663884. eCollection 2021.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Among COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Pediatric Pneumonias: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Zhongwei Jia[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Xiangyu Yan[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Liwei Gao[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Shenggang Ding[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yan Bai[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Yuejie Zheng[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Yuxia Cui[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Xianfeng Wang[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Jingfeng Li[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Gen Lu[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Yi Xu[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Xiangyu Zhang[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Junhua Li[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Ning Chen[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Yunxiao Shang[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mingfeng Han[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Jun Liu[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Hourong Zhou[SUP] 17 18 [/SUP], Cen Li[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Wanqiu Lu[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Jun Liu[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Lina Wang[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Qihong Fan[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Jiang Wu[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Hanling Shen[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Rong Jiao[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Chunxi Chen[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Xiaoling Gao[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Maoqiang Tian[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Wei Lu[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Yonghong Yang[SUP] 28 29 [/SUP], Gary Wing-Kin Wong[SUP] 30 [/SUP], Tianyou Wang[SUP] 31 [/SUP], Runming Jin[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Adong Shen[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Baoping Xu[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Kunling Shen[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34277466
- PMCID: PMC8281119
- DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.663884
Abstract
Background: The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) brings new challenges for pediatricians, especially in the differentiation with non-COVID-19 pneumonia in the peak season of pneumonia. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory pathogens infected pneumonias.
Methods: We conducted a multi-center, cross-sectional study of pediatric inpatients in China. Based on pathogenic test results, pediatric patients were divided into three groups, including COVID-19 pneumonia group, Non-COVID-19 viral (NCV) pneumonia group and Non-viral (NV) pneumonia group. Their clinical characteristics were compared by Kruskal-Wallis H test or chi-square test.
Results: A total of 636 pediatric pneumonia inpatients, among which 87 in COVID-19 group, 194 in NCV group, and 355 in NV group, were included in analysis. Compared with NCV and NV patients, COVID-19 patients were older (median age 6.33, IQR 2.00-12.00 years), and relatively fewer COVID-19 patients presented fever (63.2%), cough (60.9%), shortness of breath (1.1%), and abnormal pulmonary auscultation (18.4%). The results were verified by the comparison of COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A (IFA) pneumonia patients. Approximately 42.5%, 44.8%, and 12.6% of the COVID-19 patients presented simply ground-glass opacity (GGO), simply consolidation, and the both changes on computed tomography (CT) scans, respectively; the proportions were similar as those in NCV and NV group (p>0.05). Only 47.1% of COVID-19 patients had both lungs pneumonia, which was significantly lower than that proportion of nearly 80% in the other two groups. COVID-19 patients presented lower proportions of increased white blood cell count (16.5%) and abnormal procalcitonin (PCT) (10.7%), and a higher proportion of decreased lymphocyte count (44.0%) compared with the other two groups.
Conclusion: Majority clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia patients were milder than non-COVID-19 patients. However, lymphocytopenia remained a prominent feature of COVID-19 pediatric pneumonia.
Keywords: COVID-19 pneumonia; clinical characteristics; non-viral pneumonia; pediatric patients; viral pneumonia.