tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine
In Press, Uncorrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.071 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Influenza associated mortality in the subtropics and tropics: Results from three Asian cities
Lin Yanga, Stefan Mab, Ping Yan Chenc, Jian Feng Hed, Eric King Pan Chana, Angela Chowe, Chun Quan Ouc, Ai Ping Dengd, Anthony J. Hedleya, Chit Ming Wonga, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, J.S. Malik Peirisf, g
Purchase
a Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
b Epidemiology & Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore
c Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, China
d Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
e Communicable Disease Centre, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
f Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
g HKU Pasteur Research Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
Received 8 March 2011; revised 12 August 2011; Accepted 16 September 2011. Available online 28 September 2011.
Abstract
Influenza has been well documented to significantly contribute to winter increase of mortality in the temperate countries, but its severity in the subtropics and tropics was not recognized until recently and geographical variations of disease burden in these regions remain poorly understood. In this study, we applied a standardized modeling strategy to the mortality and virology data from three Asian cities: subtropical Guangzhou and Hong Kong, and tropical Singapore, to estimate the disease burden of influenza in these cities. We found that influenza was associated with 10.6, 13.4 and 8.3 deaths per 100,000 population in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Singapore, respectively. The annual rates of excess deaths in the elders were estimated highest in Guangzhou and lowest in Singapore. The excess death rate attributable to A/H1N1 subtype was found slightly higher than the rates attributable to A/H3N2 during the study period of 2004?2006 based on the data from Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Our study revealed a geographical variation in the disease burden of influenza in these subtropical and tropical cities. These results highlight a need to explore the determinants for severity of seasonal influenza.
Highlights
► Regional heterogeneity of influenza mortality burden is poorly understood. ► We compared the excess mortality of influenza in three Asian cities. ► A standardized Poisson modeling approach was applied to the data of these cities. ► We observed a regional heterogeneity between these cities. ► The factors determining this heterogeneity remain to be explored.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11014903
In Press, Uncorrected Proof - Note to users
doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.071 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Influenza associated mortality in the subtropics and tropics: Results from three Asian cities
Lin Yanga, Stefan Mab, Ping Yan Chenc, Jian Feng Hed, Eric King Pan Chana, Angela Chowe, Chun Quan Ouc, Ai Ping Dengd, Anthony J. Hedleya, Chit Ming Wonga, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, J.S. Malik Peirisf, g
Purchase
a Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
b Epidemiology & Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore
c Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, China
d Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
e Communicable Disease Centre, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
f Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
g HKU Pasteur Research Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
Received 8 March 2011; revised 12 August 2011; Accepted 16 September 2011. Available online 28 September 2011.
Abstract
Influenza has been well documented to significantly contribute to winter increase of mortality in the temperate countries, but its severity in the subtropics and tropics was not recognized until recently and geographical variations of disease burden in these regions remain poorly understood. In this study, we applied a standardized modeling strategy to the mortality and virology data from three Asian cities: subtropical Guangzhou and Hong Kong, and tropical Singapore, to estimate the disease burden of influenza in these cities. We found that influenza was associated with 10.6, 13.4 and 8.3 deaths per 100,000 population in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Singapore, respectively. The annual rates of excess deaths in the elders were estimated highest in Guangzhou and lowest in Singapore. The excess death rate attributable to A/H1N1 subtype was found slightly higher than the rates attributable to A/H3N2 during the study period of 2004?2006 based on the data from Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Our study revealed a geographical variation in the disease burden of influenza in these subtropical and tropical cities. These results highlight a need to explore the determinants for severity of seasonal influenza.
Highlights
► Regional heterogeneity of influenza mortality burden is poorly understood. ► We compared the excess mortality of influenza in three Asian cities. ► A standardized Poisson modeling approach was applied to the data of these cities. ► We observed a regional heterogeneity between these cities. ► The factors determining this heterogeneity remain to be explored.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11014903