tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect
. 2022 Oct 23;S0163-4453(22)00626-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.028. Online ahead of print.
Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing influenza-like illness and related antibiotic prescriptions in adults from a primary care-based case-control study
Wen-Qiang He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christopher Gianacas[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David J Muscatello[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anthony T Newall[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Peter McIntyre[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Allen C Cheng[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Bette Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of influenza vaccine in preventing antibiotic prescriptions for influenza-like illness (ILI) in adults is limited.
Methods: A primary care-based case-control study was conducted to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza-like illness (ILI) and antibiotic prescribing for ILI in adults aged ≥40 years. Cases were patients diagnosed with ILI from 1[SUP]st[/SUP] June to 30[SUP]th[/SUP] September in each year, 2015-2018; a subset of those with ILI prescribed antibiotics was also defined. Controls were patients attending a practice who did not receive an ILI diagnosis. Generalised estimating equations were used to calculate adjusted VE overall, by age (<65 versus ≥65 years) and comorbidity status.
Results: The number of ILI cases varied from 558 in 2018 to 2901 in 2017 and controls from 86618 in 2015 to 136763 in 2017. Over 4 years the pooled estimate of VE was 24% (95%CI, 11% to 34%) against ILI and 15% (95%CI, -3% to 29%) against antibiotic prescription for ILI. Influenza vaccine was effective in reducing ILI with an associated antibiotic prescriptions in patients aged <65 years (VE=23%, 95%CI, 3% to 38%) and if no comorbidities were recorded (VE=22%, 95%CI, 1% to 39%) but not in other subgroups.
Conclusions: Influenza vaccine reduced the likelihood of antibiotic prescriptions for ILI in low-risk adults (40-64 years and those without comorbidities).
Keywords: Influenza vaccination; adults; comorbidities; influenza vaccine effectiveness; influenza-like illness.
. 2022 Oct 23;S0163-4453(22)00626-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.028. Online ahead of print.
Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in reducing influenza-like illness and related antibiotic prescriptions in adults from a primary care-based case-control study
Wen-Qiang He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christopher Gianacas[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David J Muscatello[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anthony T Newall[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Peter McIntyre[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Allen C Cheng[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Bette Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36288784
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.028
Abstract
Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of influenza vaccine in preventing antibiotic prescriptions for influenza-like illness (ILI) in adults is limited.
Methods: A primary care-based case-control study was conducted to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza-like illness (ILI) and antibiotic prescribing for ILI in adults aged ≥40 years. Cases were patients diagnosed with ILI from 1[SUP]st[/SUP] June to 30[SUP]th[/SUP] September in each year, 2015-2018; a subset of those with ILI prescribed antibiotics was also defined. Controls were patients attending a practice who did not receive an ILI diagnosis. Generalised estimating equations were used to calculate adjusted VE overall, by age (<65 versus ≥65 years) and comorbidity status.
Results: The number of ILI cases varied from 558 in 2018 to 2901 in 2017 and controls from 86618 in 2015 to 136763 in 2017. Over 4 years the pooled estimate of VE was 24% (95%CI, 11% to 34%) against ILI and 15% (95%CI, -3% to 29%) against antibiotic prescription for ILI. Influenza vaccine was effective in reducing ILI with an associated antibiotic prescriptions in patients aged <65 years (VE=23%, 95%CI, 3% to 38%) and if no comorbidities were recorded (VE=22%, 95%CI, 1% to 39%) but not in other subgroups.
Conclusions: Influenza vaccine reduced the likelihood of antibiotic prescriptions for ILI in low-risk adults (40-64 years and those without comorbidities).
Keywords: Influenza vaccination; adults; comorbidities; influenza vaccine effectiveness; influenza-like illness.