tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Med Virol
. 2025 Jan;97(1):e70161.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.70161. Dynamic Changes and Trends of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Induced by Infection and Vaccination Across Multiple Time Points
Shihan Zhang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Xiaoxiao Kong[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Qian Zhen[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ye Wei[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chao Shi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Songning Ding[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Liling Chen[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Chen Dong[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hua Tian[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chuchu Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lu Zhou[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yazhen Zhang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Fengcai Zhu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jianli Hu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Changjun Bao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hui Jin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ke Xu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Liguo Zhu[SUP] 3 9 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, increasingly complex vaccination and infection histories have made it urgent to investigate the antibody dynamics in populations with hybrid immunity. This study aimed to explore the multi-time-point dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels in a community-based population in Jiangsu Province, China, following the Omicron BA.5 wave, as well as the long-term persistence of IgG antibodies nearly 2 years postinfection. A total of 2737 participants across Jiangsu Province were followed up at three different time points over a 6-month period (December 2022-June 2023). Additionally, a cross-sectional serological survey was conducted in October 2024, involving 230 participants to assess long-term antibody persistence. We used generalized additive models to fit antibody dynamics curves, generalized linear mixed models to explore factors influencing antibody levels, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to estimate cumulative seroreversion rates. Our findings revealed that, following the large-scale Omicron BA.5 infections, over 85% of the population initially exhibited seropositive IgG levels. Older individuals (> 65 years) had significantly lower antibody levels and faster rates of decline compared to younger participants. Booster immunization reduced the risk of seroreversion by 59.79% (95% CI: 29.63%-76.46%), while individuals with multiple infections experienced slower antibody decay. In the cross-sectional survey conducted 22 months postinfection, the IgG seropositivity rate remained high, exceeding 98%, indicating sustained immunity at the population level. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamics and persistence of IgG antibody levels following large-scale infection. The results underscore the importance of tailored booster immunization strategies to sustain long-term immunity, especially in vulnerable groups like the elderly. Additionally, ongoing serological monitoring is essential for assessing population immunity and informing future vaccination strategies.
Keywords: SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG dynamics; booster immunization; hybrid immunity; seroepidemiology.
. 2025 Jan;97(1):e70161.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.70161. Dynamic Changes and Trends of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Induced by Infection and Vaccination Across Multiple Time Points
Shihan Zhang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Xiaoxiao Kong[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Qian Zhen[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Ye Wei[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chao Shi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Songning Ding[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Liling Chen[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Chen Dong[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hua Tian[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chuchu Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Lu Zhou[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yazhen Zhang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Fengcai Zhu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jianli Hu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Changjun Bao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hui Jin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ke Xu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Liguo Zhu[SUP] 3 9 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39780477
- DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70161
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, increasingly complex vaccination and infection histories have made it urgent to investigate the antibody dynamics in populations with hybrid immunity. This study aimed to explore the multi-time-point dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels in a community-based population in Jiangsu Province, China, following the Omicron BA.5 wave, as well as the long-term persistence of IgG antibodies nearly 2 years postinfection. A total of 2737 participants across Jiangsu Province were followed up at three different time points over a 6-month period (December 2022-June 2023). Additionally, a cross-sectional serological survey was conducted in October 2024, involving 230 participants to assess long-term antibody persistence. We used generalized additive models to fit antibody dynamics curves, generalized linear mixed models to explore factors influencing antibody levels, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to estimate cumulative seroreversion rates. Our findings revealed that, following the large-scale Omicron BA.5 infections, over 85% of the population initially exhibited seropositive IgG levels. Older individuals (> 65 years) had significantly lower antibody levels and faster rates of decline compared to younger participants. Booster immunization reduced the risk of seroreversion by 59.79% (95% CI: 29.63%-76.46%), while individuals with multiple infections experienced slower antibody decay. In the cross-sectional survey conducted 22 months postinfection, the IgG seropositivity rate remained high, exceeding 98%, indicating sustained immunity at the population level. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamics and persistence of IgG antibody levels following large-scale infection. The results underscore the importance of tailored booster immunization strategies to sustain long-term immunity, especially in vulnerable groups like the elderly. Additionally, ongoing serological monitoring is essential for assessing population immunity and informing future vaccination strategies.
Keywords: SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG dynamics; booster immunization; hybrid immunity; seroepidemiology.