tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Proc Biol Sci
. 2022 Nov 30;289(1987):20221747.
doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1747. Epub 2022 Nov 16.
The mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and antigenomic RNA
Lele Zhao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew Hall[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariateresa de Cesare[SUP] 2 [/SUP], George MacIntyre-Cockett[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Katrina Lythgoe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Fraser[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David Bonsall[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Tanya Golubchik[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium; Luca Ferretti[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The raw material for viral evolution is provided by intra-host mutations occurring during replication, transcription or post-transcription. Replication and transcription of Coronaviridae proceed through the synthesis of negative-sense 'antigenomes' acting as templates for positive-sense genomic and subgenomic RNA. Hence, mutations in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses can occur during (and after) the synthesis of either negative-sense or positive-sense RNA, with potentially distinct patterns and consequences. We explored for the first time the mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 (sub)genomic and anti(sub)genomic RNA. We use a high-quality deep sequencing dataset produced using a quantitative strand-aware sequencing method, controlled for artefacts and sequencing errors, and scrutinized for accurate detection of within-host diversity. The nucleotide differences between negative- and positive-sense strand consensus vary between patients and do not show dependence on age or sex. Similarities and differences in mutational patterns between within-host minor variants on the two RNA strands suggested strand-specific mutations or editing by host deaminases and oxidative damage. We observe generally neutral and slight negative selection on the negative strand, contrasting with purifying selection in ORF1a, ORF1b and S genes of the positive strand of the genome.
Keywords: RNA editing; SARS-CoV-2; antigenomes; mutational spectrum.
. 2022 Nov 30;289(1987):20221747.
doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1747. Epub 2022 Nov 16.
The mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and antigenomic RNA
Lele Zhao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew Hall[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariateresa de Cesare[SUP] 2 [/SUP], George MacIntyre-Cockett[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Katrina Lythgoe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christophe Fraser[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David Bonsall[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Tanya Golubchik[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium; Luca Ferretti[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36382519
- DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1747
Abstract
The raw material for viral evolution is provided by intra-host mutations occurring during replication, transcription or post-transcription. Replication and transcription of Coronaviridae proceed through the synthesis of negative-sense 'antigenomes' acting as templates for positive-sense genomic and subgenomic RNA. Hence, mutations in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses can occur during (and after) the synthesis of either negative-sense or positive-sense RNA, with potentially distinct patterns and consequences. We explored for the first time the mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 (sub)genomic and anti(sub)genomic RNA. We use a high-quality deep sequencing dataset produced using a quantitative strand-aware sequencing method, controlled for artefacts and sequencing errors, and scrutinized for accurate detection of within-host diversity. The nucleotide differences between negative- and positive-sense strand consensus vary between patients and do not show dependence on age or sex. Similarities and differences in mutational patterns between within-host minor variants on the two RNA strands suggested strand-specific mutations or editing by host deaminases and oxidative damage. We observe generally neutral and slight negative selection on the negative strand, contrasting with purifying selection in ORF1a, ORF1b and S genes of the positive strand of the genome.
Keywords: RNA editing; SARS-CoV-2; antigenomes; mutational spectrum.