tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Rep
. 2024 Oct 22;14(1):24889.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76871-3. One-year mortality and associated factors in older hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Eunji Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jeong-Yeon Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyoung Min Moon[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tae Wan Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Won-Young Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sun-Young Jung[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Moon Seong Baek[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 4 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year mortality rate among older patients with COVID-19 discharged from hospital and to identify risk factors associated with this outcome. Using a COVID-19 dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance System, this study's evaluation period spanned from October 8, 2020, through December 31, 2021. The primary outcome was the 1-year mortality rate following hospital discharge. A logistic regression model was employed for multivariable analysis to estimate the odds ratios for the outcomes, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze differences in 1-year survival rates. Among the 66,810 COVID-19 patients aged 60 years or older who were hospitalized during the study period, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.8% (n = 3219). Among the survivors (n = 63,369), the 1-year mortality rate was 4.9% (n = 3093). Non-survivors, compared to survivors, were significantly older (79.2 ± 9.5 vs. 68.9 ± 7.8, P < 0.001) and exhibited a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccination (63.0% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.001). Additionally, non-survivors experienced a higher incidence of organ dysfunction, along with a greater proportion of required mechanical ventilation (14.6% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (4.0% vs. 0.1%, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified older age, male sex, cardiovascular disease, immunosuppression, organ dysfunction, illness severity, and corticosteroid use during hospitalization as factors associated with death within 1 year after hospital discharge. However, vaccination was found to have a long-term protective effect against death among COVID-19 survivors. The 1-year mortality rate after hospital discharge for older COVID-19 patients was comparable to the in-hospital mortality rate for these patients in Korea. The long-term mortality rate among hospitalized older COVID-19 patients was influenced by demographic factors and the severity of illness experienced during hospitalization.
Keywords: Age factors; COVID-19; Critical illness; Mortality; Survivors.
. 2024 Oct 22;14(1):24889.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76871-3. One-year mortality and associated factors in older hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Eunji Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jeong-Yeon Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyoung Min Moon[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tae Wan Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Won-Young Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sun-Young Jung[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Moon Seong Baek[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 4 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39438611
- PMCID: PMC11496793
- DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76871-3
This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year mortality rate among older patients with COVID-19 discharged from hospital and to identify risk factors associated with this outcome. Using a COVID-19 dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance System, this study's evaluation period spanned from October 8, 2020, through December 31, 2021. The primary outcome was the 1-year mortality rate following hospital discharge. A logistic regression model was employed for multivariable analysis to estimate the odds ratios for the outcomes, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze differences in 1-year survival rates. Among the 66,810 COVID-19 patients aged 60 years or older who were hospitalized during the study period, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.8% (n = 3219). Among the survivors (n = 63,369), the 1-year mortality rate was 4.9% (n = 3093). Non-survivors, compared to survivors, were significantly older (79.2 ± 9.5 vs. 68.9 ± 7.8, P < 0.001) and exhibited a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccination (63.0% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.001). Additionally, non-survivors experienced a higher incidence of organ dysfunction, along with a greater proportion of required mechanical ventilation (14.6% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (4.0% vs. 0.1%, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified older age, male sex, cardiovascular disease, immunosuppression, organ dysfunction, illness severity, and corticosteroid use during hospitalization as factors associated with death within 1 year after hospital discharge. However, vaccination was found to have a long-term protective effect against death among COVID-19 survivors. The 1-year mortality rate after hospital discharge for older COVID-19 patients was comparable to the in-hospital mortality rate for these patients in Korea. The long-term mortality rate among hospitalized older COVID-19 patients was influenced by demographic factors and the severity of illness experienced during hospitalization.
Keywords: Age factors; COVID-19; Critical illness; Mortality; Survivors.