tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Sep 4;5(9)
fy211. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy211. eCollection 2018 Sep.
[h=1]Should Sex Be Considered an Effect Modifier in the Evaluation of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness?[/h] Chambers C[SUP]1[/SUP], Skowronski DM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Rose C[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Serres G[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Winter AL[SUP]6[/SUP], Dickinson JA[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]8[/SUP], Jassem A[SUP]9[/SUP], Gubbay JB[SUP]10,[/SUP][SUP]11,[/SUP][SUP]12[/SUP], Fonseca K[SUP]13,[/SUP][SUP]14[/SUP], Drews SJ[SUP]15,[/SUP][SUP]16[/SUP], Charest H[SUP]17[/SUP], Martineau C[SUP]15[/SUP], Petric M[SUP]9[/SUP], Krajden M[SUP]8,[/SUP][SUP]9[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] We investigated sex as a potential modifier of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) between 2010-2011 and 2016-2017 in Canada. Overall VE was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43% to 55%) for females and 38% (95% CI, 28% to 46%) for males (absolute difference [AD], 11%; P = .03). Sex differences were greatest for influenza A(H3N2) (AD, 17%; P = .07) and B(Victoria) (AD, 20%; P = .08) compared with A(H1N1)pdm09 (AD, 10%; P = .19) or B(Yamagata) (AD, -3%; P = .68). They were also more pronounced in older adults ≥50 years (AD, 19%; P = .03) compared with those <20 years (AD, 4%; P = .74) or 20-49 years (AD, -1%; P = .90) but with variation by subtype/lineage. More definitive investigations of VE by sex and age are warranted to elucidate these potential interactions.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] effect modification; gender; influenza vaccine; influenza virus; sex; vaccine effectiveness
PMID: 30263903 PMCID: PMC6143149 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy211
Free PMC Article
fy211. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy211. eCollection 2018 Sep.[h=1]Should Sex Be Considered an Effect Modifier in the Evaluation of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness?[/h] Chambers C[SUP]1[/SUP], Skowronski DM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Rose C[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Serres G[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Winter AL[SUP]6[/SUP], Dickinson JA[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]8[/SUP], Jassem A[SUP]9[/SUP], Gubbay JB[SUP]10,[/SUP][SUP]11,[/SUP][SUP]12[/SUP], Fonseca K[SUP]13,[/SUP][SUP]14[/SUP], Drews SJ[SUP]15,[/SUP][SUP]16[/SUP], Charest H[SUP]17[/SUP], Martineau C[SUP]15[/SUP], Petric M[SUP]9[/SUP], Krajden M[SUP]8,[/SUP][SUP]9[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] We investigated sex as a potential modifier of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) between 2010-2011 and 2016-2017 in Canada. Overall VE was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43% to 55%) for females and 38% (95% CI, 28% to 46%) for males (absolute difference [AD], 11%; P = .03). Sex differences were greatest for influenza A(H3N2) (AD, 17%; P = .07) and B(Victoria) (AD, 20%; P = .08) compared with A(H1N1)pdm09 (AD, 10%; P = .19) or B(Yamagata) (AD, -3%; P = .68). They were also more pronounced in older adults ≥50 years (AD, 19%; P = .03) compared with those <20 years (AD, 4%; P = .74) or 20-49 years (AD, -1%; P = .90) but with variation by subtype/lineage. More definitive investigations of VE by sex and age are warranted to elucidate these potential interactions.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] effect modification; gender; influenza vaccine; influenza virus; sex; vaccine effectiveness
PMID: 30263903 PMCID: PMC6143149 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy211
Free PMC Article