tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
The global burden of bacterial and viral zoonotic infections
1. Leonidas Christou
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03441.x
Copyright ? 2010 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Abstract
Bacterial and viral zoonotic infections comprise a practically endless, ever-expanding list of pathogens which have the potential to induce human disease of varying severity, varying means of transmission to humans (including vector-borne and food-borne agents) and of varying epidemiology. Not all theoretically zoonotic pathogens are truly zoonotic in practice, the prime example being influenza viruses; with avain H5N1 influenza remaining strictly zoonotic while novel H1N1 influenza displays an anthropocentric cycle that led to a pandemic, despite being of zoonotic origin. The burden of disease induced by zoonotic and viral pathogens is enormous: There are more than ten bacterial zoonoses that each affects hundreds of thousands patients annually, often leading to chronic infections and causing significant economic losses of medical and livestock-related nature. Viral zoonotic agents are constantly emerging or re-emerging, associated with outbreaks of limited or expanded geographical spread: The typical trends of viral zoonotic infections though is to extend their ecological horizon, sometimes in unexpected but successful manner as in the case of West Nile Virus, other times less effectively as fortunately in the case of avian influenza. The majority of bacterial and viral zoonotic infections receive disproportionately low scientific and public health interest. Understanding their burden may allow for improved surveillance and prevention measures.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/...ionid=5F875201D7238B6399D273B50A8E594F.d01t01
1. Leonidas Christou
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03441.x
Copyright ? 2010 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Abstract
Bacterial and viral zoonotic infections comprise a practically endless, ever-expanding list of pathogens which have the potential to induce human disease of varying severity, varying means of transmission to humans (including vector-borne and food-borne agents) and of varying epidemiology. Not all theoretically zoonotic pathogens are truly zoonotic in practice, the prime example being influenza viruses; with avain H5N1 influenza remaining strictly zoonotic while novel H1N1 influenza displays an anthropocentric cycle that led to a pandemic, despite being of zoonotic origin. The burden of disease induced by zoonotic and viral pathogens is enormous: There are more than ten bacterial zoonoses that each affects hundreds of thousands patients annually, often leading to chronic infections and causing significant economic losses of medical and livestock-related nature. Viral zoonotic agents are constantly emerging or re-emerging, associated with outbreaks of limited or expanded geographical spread: The typical trends of viral zoonotic infections though is to extend their ecological horizon, sometimes in unexpected but successful manner as in the case of West Nile Virus, other times less effectively as fortunately in the case of avian influenza. The majority of bacterial and viral zoonotic infections receive disproportionately low scientific and public health interest. Understanding their burden may allow for improved surveillance and prevention measures.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/...ionid=5F875201D7238B6399D273B50A8E594F.d01t01