tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Virol J
. 2025 Mar 4;22(1):58.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02677-y. Frequency of IgE antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein across different disease severity COVID19 groups
Juan Francisco Delgado de la Poza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Albert Rodrigo Parés[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Isabel Aparicio-Calvente[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Indira Bhambi Blanco[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jordi Gratacòs Masmitjà[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Antoni Berenguer-Llergo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joan Calvet Fontova[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: COVID-19 appears to have a progression of three stages. The latter stage is characterized by a high level of cytokine release, which in turn triggers an uncontrolled reaction known as cytokine storm where mast cells are involved. The presence of anti-IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in this phase has been previously reported, suggesting an association with the severity of the disease. Our study aims to assess the prognostic significance of IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of clinical presentations, including individual with mild symptoms, hospitalized patients, and those who presented a critical progression.
Methods: The study included 64 patients distributed into the following groups: 22 critically ill hospitalized individuals (Critical); 21 non-critical hospitalized patients (Severe); 21 mild symptomatic non-hospitalized cases (Mild); and 22 healthy blood donors with samples collected in October 2019. Anti-IgE antibodies against Spike (S) protein were detected using a homemade ELISA, where the plate was sensitized with the RBD of recombinant S protein.
Results: Among 64 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, 28.1% tested positive for IgE isotype antibodies against S protein RBD, whose prevalence was similar across severity groups: Mild 23.8%, Severe 28.6%, and Critical 31.8% (p = 0.842). Patients with IgE response exhibited higher levels of LDH compared to non-IgE responders, with a 40% increase (p = 0.037), and a non-significantly higher tendency in other inflammatory markers.
Conclusion: In SARS-CoV-2 infection, roughly a fourth of patients presented an IgE isotype response, regardless of disease severity, which is associated with higher levels of LDH.
Keywords: Antibody response; IgE; Prognostic factor; S protein; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2025 Mar 4;22(1):58.
doi: 10.1186/s12985-025-02677-y. Frequency of IgE antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein across different disease severity COVID19 groups
Juan Francisco Delgado de la Poza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Albert Rodrigo Parés[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Isabel Aparicio-Calvente[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Indira Bhambi Blanco[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jordi Gratacòs Masmitjà[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Antoni Berenguer-Llergo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joan Calvet Fontova[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40038712
- PMCID: PMC11877796
- DOI: 10.1186/s12985-025-02677-y
Background: COVID-19 appears to have a progression of three stages. The latter stage is characterized by a high level of cytokine release, which in turn triggers an uncontrolled reaction known as cytokine storm where mast cells are involved. The presence of anti-IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in this phase has been previously reported, suggesting an association with the severity of the disease. Our study aims to assess the prognostic significance of IgE antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of clinical presentations, including individual with mild symptoms, hospitalized patients, and those who presented a critical progression.
Methods: The study included 64 patients distributed into the following groups: 22 critically ill hospitalized individuals (Critical); 21 non-critical hospitalized patients (Severe); 21 mild symptomatic non-hospitalized cases (Mild); and 22 healthy blood donors with samples collected in October 2019. Anti-IgE antibodies against Spike (S) protein were detected using a homemade ELISA, where the plate was sensitized with the RBD of recombinant S protein.
Results: Among 64 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, 28.1% tested positive for IgE isotype antibodies against S protein RBD, whose prevalence was similar across severity groups: Mild 23.8%, Severe 28.6%, and Critical 31.8% (p = 0.842). Patients with IgE response exhibited higher levels of LDH compared to non-IgE responders, with a 40% increase (p = 0.037), and a non-significantly higher tendency in other inflammatory markers.
Conclusion: In SARS-CoV-2 infection, roughly a fourth of patients presented an IgE isotype response, regardless of disease severity, which is associated with higher levels of LDH.
Keywords: Antibody response; IgE; Prognostic factor; S protein; SARS-CoV-2.