tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Viruses
. 2022 May 25;14(6):1137.
doi: 10.3390/v14061137.
Cardiovascular Tropism and Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Oleksandr Dmytrenko[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kory J Lavine[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The extrapulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), became apparent early in the ongoing pandemic. It is now recognized that cells of the cardiovascular system are targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated disease pathogenesis. While some details are emerging, much remains to be understood pertaining to the mechanistic basis by which SARS-CoV-2 contributes to acute and chronic manifestations of COVID-19. This knowledge has the potential to improve clinical management for the growing populations of patients impacted by COVID-19. Here, we review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular sequelae of COVID-19 and outline proposed disease mechanisms, including direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of major cardiovascular cell types and pathogenic effects of non-infectious viral particles and elicited inflammatory mediators. Finally, we identify the major outstanding questions in cardiovascular COVID-19 research.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cardiomyocyte; myocarditis; pericyte; post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection; thrombosis.
. 2022 May 25;14(6):1137.
doi: 10.3390/v14061137.
Cardiovascular Tropism and Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Oleksandr Dmytrenko[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kory J Lavine[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35746609
- DOI: 10.3390/v14061137
Abstract
The extrapulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), became apparent early in the ongoing pandemic. It is now recognized that cells of the cardiovascular system are targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated disease pathogenesis. While some details are emerging, much remains to be understood pertaining to the mechanistic basis by which SARS-CoV-2 contributes to acute and chronic manifestations of COVID-19. This knowledge has the potential to improve clinical management for the growing populations of patients impacted by COVID-19. Here, we review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular sequelae of COVID-19 and outline proposed disease mechanisms, including direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of major cardiovascular cell types and pathogenic effects of non-infectious viral particles and elicited inflammatory mediators. Finally, we identify the major outstanding questions in cardiovascular COVID-19 research.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cardiomyocyte; myocarditis; pericyte; post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection; thrombosis.