tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Antibiotics (Basel)
. 2021 Aug 25;10(9):1039.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10091039.
Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Carmen Marina Meseguer Barros[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Natalia Alzueta Isturiz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rita Sainz de Rozas Aparicio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rafael Aguilella Vizcaíno[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Laura López Esteban[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sonia Anaya Ordóñez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Itxasne Lekue Alkorta[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Salvadora Martín Suances[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jorge Ignacio Jiménez Arce[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Maite Fernández Vicente[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Yolanda Borrego Izquierdo[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Raquel Prieto Sánchez[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Silvia Casado Casuso[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Rosa Madridejos[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Carmen Marquina Verde[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Rosa Tomás Sanz[SUP] 11 [/SUP], María Oro Fernández[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Sara Gallardo Borge[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Eva Lázaro López[SUP] 13 [/SUP], María Belén Pina Gadea[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mercedes Pereira Pía[SUP] 15 [/SUP], María Victoria Maestre-Sánchez[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Esther Ribes-Murillo[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Constanza Gómez de Oña[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Álvarez María Jesús Lallana[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Concepción Celaya Lecea[SUP] 19 [/SUP], María Ana Prado Prieto[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Aranzazu Aranguez Ruiz[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Vicente Olmo Quintana[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Noemí Villén Romero[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Carolina Payá Giner[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Angeles Lloret Callejo[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Alvaro Fernández Ferreiro[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Blanca Basagoiti Carreño[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Ana Aurelia Iglesias Iglesias[SUP] 28 [/SUP], Antonio Martín Alonso[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Ana Díez Alcántara[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Esther Marco Tejón[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Marta Lestón Vázquez[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Mª Ángeles Ariza Copado[SUP] 30 [/SUP], Marta Aparicio Cueva[SUP] 31 [/SUP], Belén Escudero Vilaplana[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marisa Nicieza[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Gracia Picazo Sanchiz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Genma María Silva Riádigos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lucía Jamart Sánchez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ángel García Álvarez[SUP] 33 [/SUP], Antonio García Bonilla[SUP] 34 [/SUP], Rafael Herrero Delicado[SUP] 35 [/SUP], Virginia Arroyo Pineda[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Belén de la Hija[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Amelia Troncoso Mariño[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Isabel Tofiño González[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Mónica Susana Mateu García[SUP] 37 [/SUP], Pablo García Vázquez[SUP] 38 [/SUP], Joaquín Pérez Martín[SUP] 39 [/SUP], Rocío Fernández-Urrusuno[SUP] 40 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with long-term macrolides and to describe the factors associated with worse outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Primary Care setting. Patients with macrolides dispensed continuously from 1 October 2019 to 31 March 2020, were considered. Main outcome: diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Secondary outcomes: symptoms, severity, characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments. A total of 3057 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median age: 73 (64-81) years; 55% were men; 62% smokers/ex-smokers; 56% obese/overweight. Overall, 95% of patients had chronic respiratory diseases and four comorbidities as a median. Prevalence of COVID-19: 4.8%. This was in accordance with official data during the first wave of the pandemic. The most common symptoms were respiratory: shortness of breath, cough, and pneumonia. Additionally, 53% percent of patients had mild/moderate symptoms, 28% required hospital admission, and 19% died with COVID-19. The percentage of patients hospitalized and deaths were 2.6 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of long-term courses of macrolides in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection or the progression to worse outcomes in old patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases and a high burden of comorbidity.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; ambulatory care; azithromycin; long-term treatment; macrolides; outpatients.
. 2021 Aug 25;10(9):1039.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10091039.
Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Carmen Marina Meseguer Barros[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Natalia Alzueta Isturiz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rita Sainz de Rozas Aparicio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rafael Aguilella Vizcaíno[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Laura López Esteban[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sonia Anaya Ordóñez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Itxasne Lekue Alkorta[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Salvadora Martín Suances[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jorge Ignacio Jiménez Arce[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Maite Fernández Vicente[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Yolanda Borrego Izquierdo[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Raquel Prieto Sánchez[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Silvia Casado Casuso[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Rosa Madridejos[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Carmen Marquina Verde[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Rosa Tomás Sanz[SUP] 11 [/SUP], María Oro Fernández[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Sara Gallardo Borge[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Eva Lázaro López[SUP] 13 [/SUP], María Belén Pina Gadea[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Mercedes Pereira Pía[SUP] 15 [/SUP], María Victoria Maestre-Sánchez[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Esther Ribes-Murillo[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Constanza Gómez de Oña[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Álvarez María Jesús Lallana[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Concepción Celaya Lecea[SUP] 19 [/SUP], María Ana Prado Prieto[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Aranzazu Aranguez Ruiz[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Vicente Olmo Quintana[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Noemí Villén Romero[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Carolina Payá Giner[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Angeles Lloret Callejo[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Alvaro Fernández Ferreiro[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Blanca Basagoiti Carreño[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Ana Aurelia Iglesias Iglesias[SUP] 28 [/SUP], Antonio Martín Alonso[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Ana Díez Alcántara[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Esther Marco Tejón[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Marta Lestón Vázquez[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Mª Ángeles Ariza Copado[SUP] 30 [/SUP], Marta Aparicio Cueva[SUP] 31 [/SUP], Belén Escudero Vilaplana[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marisa Nicieza[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Gracia Picazo Sanchiz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Genma María Silva Riádigos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lucía Jamart Sánchez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ángel García Álvarez[SUP] 33 [/SUP], Antonio García Bonilla[SUP] 34 [/SUP], Rafael Herrero Delicado[SUP] 35 [/SUP], Virginia Arroyo Pineda[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Belén de la Hija[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Amelia Troncoso Mariño[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Isabel Tofiño González[SUP] 36 [/SUP], Mónica Susana Mateu García[SUP] 37 [/SUP], Pablo García Vázquez[SUP] 38 [/SUP], Joaquín Pérez Martín[SUP] 39 [/SUP], Rocío Fernández-Urrusuno[SUP] 40 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34572621
- DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091039
Abstract
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with long-term macrolides and to describe the factors associated with worse outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Primary Care setting. Patients with macrolides dispensed continuously from 1 October 2019 to 31 March 2020, were considered. Main outcome: diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Secondary outcomes: symptoms, severity, characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments. A total of 3057 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median age: 73 (64-81) years; 55% were men; 62% smokers/ex-smokers; 56% obese/overweight. Overall, 95% of patients had chronic respiratory diseases and four comorbidities as a median. Prevalence of COVID-19: 4.8%. This was in accordance with official data during the first wave of the pandemic. The most common symptoms were respiratory: shortness of breath, cough, and pneumonia. Additionally, 53% percent of patients had mild/moderate symptoms, 28% required hospital admission, and 19% died with COVID-19. The percentage of patients hospitalized and deaths were 2.6 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of long-term courses of macrolides in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection or the progression to worse outcomes in old patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases and a high burden of comorbidity.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; ambulatory care; azithromycin; long-term treatment; macrolides; outpatients.