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Arch Cardiol Mex . Treatment of adult, child and newborn cardiac arrest victims with COVID-19. Recommendations from the Interamerican Society of Car

tetano

Editor, Senior Moderator
Arch Cardiol Mex


. 2021;91(Supl):64-73.
doi: 10.24875/ACM.20000243.
Treatment of adult, child and newborn cardiac arrest victims with COVID-19. Recommendations from the Interamerican Society of Cardiology / Sociedad Interamericana de Cardiología (SIAC), Mexican National Cardiologists Association / Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM) and Mexican Society of Cardiology / Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC)


Humberto Rodríguez-Reyes[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fernando Ortiz-Galván[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Martín Ibarrola[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Manuel Celaya-Cota[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sergio Dubner[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Enrique Asensio-Lafuente[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elaine Núñez Ayala[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Pablo Mendoza-Novoa[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Luz Ma M Muñoz-Gutiérrez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Georgia Sarquella-Brugada[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Iván Mendoza[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Manlio F Márquez[SUP] 11 [/SUP]



Affiliations

Abstract

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha infligido grandes estragos a la población y en especial al personal de salud. Los esfuerzos de reanimación exigen modificaciones potenciales de las guías internacionales existentes de reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) debido al elevado índice de contagiosidad del virus SARS-CoV-2. Se considera que hasta 15% de los casos de COVID-19 tiene una enfermedad grave y 5% padece un trastorno crítico con una mortalidad promedio del 3%, la cual varía según sean el país y las características de los pacientes. La edad y las comorbilidades como la hipertensión arterial, enfermedad cardiovascular, obesidad y diabetes incrementan la mortalidad hasta 24%. También se ha informado un aumento reciente del número de casos de paro cardíaco extrahospitalario (PCEH). Aunque el paro cardíaco (PC) puede ser efecto de factores diversos en estos pacientes, en la mayoría de los casos se ha demostrado que el origen es respiratorio, con muy pocos casos de causa cardíaca. Se debe considerar la indicación de iniciar o continuar las maniobras de RCP por dos razones fundamentales: la posibilidad de sobrevida de las víctimas, que hasta la fecha se ha registrado muy baja, y el riesgo de contagiar al personal de salud, que es muy alto.
The COVID-19 pandemic is having a large impact on the general population, but it has taken a specially high toll on healthcare personnel. Resuscitation efforts require potential modifications of the present Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) international guidelines because of the transmissibility rate of the new SARS-CoV 2 virus. It has been seen that up to 15% of COVID-19 patients have a severe disease, 5% have a critical form of infection and the mean death rate is 3%, although there are significant differences according to the country that reports it and patients’ baseline conditions that include age, presence of arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes or obesity. In these high risk subjects, mortality might go up to 24%. There are also reports of a recent increase in out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest (OHCA) victims. Cardiac arrest (CA) in these subjects might be related to many causes, but apparently, that phenomenon is related to respiratory diseases rather than cardiac issues. In this context, the decision to start or continue CPR maneuvers has to be carefully assessed, because of the low survival rate reported so far and the high contagion risk among healthcare personnel.

Keywords: COVID-19; Cardiac arrest; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Coronavirus; Health personnel; Paro cardíaco; Personal de salud; Reanimación cardiopulmonar; Recomendaciones; Recommendations.
 
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