tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Biomedicines
. 2021 Dec 9;9(12):1867.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9121867.
PAD Inhibitors as a Potential Treatment for SARS-CoV-2 Immunothrombosis
Willie Elliott Jr[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maheedhara R Guda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Swapna Asuthkar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Narasaraju Teluguakula[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Durbaka V R Prasad[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Andrew J Tsung[SUP] 1 4 5 [/SUP], Kiran K Velpula[SUP] 1 3 4 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Since the discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, the virus's dynamicity has resulted in the evolution of various variants, including the delta variant and the more novel mu variant. With a multitude of mutant strains posing as challenges to vaccine efficacy, it is critical that researchers embrace the development of pharmacotherapeutics specific to SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology. Neutrophil extracellular traps and their constituents, including citrullinated histones, display a linear connection with thrombotic manifestations in COVID-19 patients. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a group of enzymes involved in the modification of histone arginine residues by citrullination, allowing for the formation of NETs. PAD inhibitors, specifically PAD-4 inhibitors, offer extensive pharmacotherapeutic potential across a broad range of inflammatory diseases such as COVID-19, through mediating NETs formation. Although numerous PAD-4 inhibitors exist, current literature has not explored the depth of utilizing these inhibitors clinically to treat thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients. This review article offers the clinical significance of PAD-4 inhibitors in reducing thrombotic complications across various inflammatory disorders like COVID-19 and suggests that these inhibitors may be valuable in treating the origin of SARS-CoV-2 immunothrombosis.
Keywords: COVID-19; NET; PAD; SARS-CoV2.
. 2021 Dec 9;9(12):1867.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9121867.
PAD Inhibitors as a Potential Treatment for SARS-CoV-2 Immunothrombosis
Willie Elliott Jr[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maheedhara R Guda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Swapna Asuthkar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Narasaraju Teluguakula[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Durbaka V R Prasad[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Andrew J Tsung[SUP] 1 4 5 [/SUP], Kiran K Velpula[SUP] 1 3 4 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34944683
- DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121867
Abstract
Since the discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, the virus's dynamicity has resulted in the evolution of various variants, including the delta variant and the more novel mu variant. With a multitude of mutant strains posing as challenges to vaccine efficacy, it is critical that researchers embrace the development of pharmacotherapeutics specific to SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology. Neutrophil extracellular traps and their constituents, including citrullinated histones, display a linear connection with thrombotic manifestations in COVID-19 patients. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a group of enzymes involved in the modification of histone arginine residues by citrullination, allowing for the formation of NETs. PAD inhibitors, specifically PAD-4 inhibitors, offer extensive pharmacotherapeutic potential across a broad range of inflammatory diseases such as COVID-19, through mediating NETs formation. Although numerous PAD-4 inhibitors exist, current literature has not explored the depth of utilizing these inhibitors clinically to treat thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients. This review article offers the clinical significance of PAD-4 inhibitors in reducing thrombotic complications across various inflammatory disorders like COVID-19 and suggests that these inhibitors may be valuable in treating the origin of SARS-CoV-2 immunothrombosis.
Keywords: COVID-19; NET; PAD; SARS-CoV2.