tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Biomolecules
. 2021 May 26;11(6):796.
doi: 10.3390/biom11060796.
Lower Gene Expression of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor in Lung Tissues of Smokers with COVID-19 Pneumonia
Francesca Lunardi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Francesco Fortarezza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Luca Vedovelli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Federica Pezzuto[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annalisa Boscolo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marco Rossato[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Roberto Vettor[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Maria Cattelan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Claudia Del Vecchio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Andrea Crisanti[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Paolo Navalesi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Dario Gregori[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiorella Calabrese[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is the main cell entry receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), thus playing a critical role in causing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The role of smoking habit in the susceptibility to infection is still controversial. In this study we correlated lung ACE-2 gene expression with several clinical/pathological data to explore susceptibility to infection. This is a retrospective observational study on 29 consecutive COVID-19 autopsies. SARS-CoV-2 genome and ACE-2 mRNA expression were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction in lung tissue samples and correlated with several data with focus on smoking habit. Smoking was less frequent in high than low ACE-2 expressors (p = 0.014). A Bayesian regression also including age, gender, hypertension, and virus quantity confirmed that smoking was the most probable risk factor associated with low ACE-2 expression in the model. A direct relation was found between viral quantity and ACE-2 expression (p = 0.028). Finally, high ACE-2 expressors more frequently showed a prevalent pattern of vascular injury than low expressors (p = 0.049). In conclusion, ACE-2 levels were decreased in the lung tissue of smokers with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. These results point out complex biological interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE-2 particularly concerning the aspect of smoking habit and need larger prospective case series and translational studies.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; angiotensin converting enzyme receptor; smoking.
. 2021 May 26;11(6):796.
doi: 10.3390/biom11060796.
Lower Gene Expression of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor in Lung Tissues of Smokers with COVID-19 Pneumonia
Francesca Lunardi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Francesco Fortarezza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Luca Vedovelli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Federica Pezzuto[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annalisa Boscolo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marco Rossato[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Roberto Vettor[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Maria Cattelan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Claudia Del Vecchio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Andrea Crisanti[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Paolo Navalesi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Dario Gregori[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiorella Calabrese[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34073591
- DOI: 10.3390/biom11060796
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is the main cell entry receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), thus playing a critical role in causing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The role of smoking habit in the susceptibility to infection is still controversial. In this study we correlated lung ACE-2 gene expression with several clinical/pathological data to explore susceptibility to infection. This is a retrospective observational study on 29 consecutive COVID-19 autopsies. SARS-CoV-2 genome and ACE-2 mRNA expression were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction in lung tissue samples and correlated with several data with focus on smoking habit. Smoking was less frequent in high than low ACE-2 expressors (p = 0.014). A Bayesian regression also including age, gender, hypertension, and virus quantity confirmed that smoking was the most probable risk factor associated with low ACE-2 expression in the model. A direct relation was found between viral quantity and ACE-2 expression (p = 0.028). Finally, high ACE-2 expressors more frequently showed a prevalent pattern of vascular injury than low expressors (p = 0.049). In conclusion, ACE-2 levels were decreased in the lung tissue of smokers with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. These results point out complex biological interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE-2 particularly concerning the aspect of smoking habit and need larger prospective case series and translational studies.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; angiotensin converting enzyme receptor; smoking.