tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
BMC Infect Dis
. 2024 Jan 2;24(1):17.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08923-4. A stronger antibody response in increased disease severity of SARS-CoV-2
Marta Iglis de Oliveira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Melayne Rocha Aciole[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patrícia Areias Feitosa Neves[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vitor Palmares Oliveira E Silva[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marcelo Palmares Oliveira E Silva[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Virginia Maria Barros de Lorena[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo[SUP] 5 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: An assessment of the factors that interfere with serum levels and the persistence of anti-SARs-CoV-2 IgG antibodies is essential in order to estimate the risk of reinfection and to plan vaccination. We analyzed the impact of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the clinical and biological factors regarding the persistence of SARs-CoV-2 anti-spike protein (IgG-S) antibodies at 12 months.
Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal study with individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 between August 2020 and June 2021. Peripheral blood samples were collected from volunteers who were hospitalized (SERIOUS COVID-19) and those who required no hospitalization (COVID-19 LIGHT). Samples were grouped according to days after symptom onset: up to 90, between 91 and 180, ≥ 180 days after symptom onset. A semiquantitative test for IgG anti-spike protein S1(IgG-S1) was used.
Results: We analyzed 238 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19, of whom 87 had been hospitalized and 151 had not. They provided 148 and 220 samples, respectively. Among those hospitalized, males (65.5%), volunteers aged over 60 years (41.1%), comorbidities such as arterial hypertension (67.8%) and diabetes mellitus (37.9%) were most frequent. We observed higher median serum IgG-S1 titers among those who had recovered from COVID-19 and had been hospitalized, at all collection time intervals (p < 0.001). We observed a weak correlation of increasing age with humoral IgG-S1 response (Spearman correlation = 0.298). There was a greater probability of IgG-S1 antibody persistence over time among samples from hospitalized individuals compared to samples from non-hospitalized participants (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: This study has revealed higher titers and a higher probability of the persistence of IgG-S1 in severe cases after SARs-CoV-2 primary infection in unvaccinated recovered patients. Thus, in this study, the severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 was the main factor influencing serum levels and the persistence of IgG-S1 antibodies in COVID-19.
Keywords: Antibody; COVID-19; Longitudinal study; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2024 Jan 2;24(1):17.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08923-4. A stronger antibody response in increased disease severity of SARS-CoV-2
Marta Iglis de Oliveira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Melayne Rocha Aciole[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patrícia Areias Feitosa Neves[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vitor Palmares Oliveira E Silva[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marcelo Palmares Oliveira E Silva[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Virginia Maria Barros de Lorena[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo[SUP] 5 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38166763
- DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08923-4
Background: An assessment of the factors that interfere with serum levels and the persistence of anti-SARs-CoV-2 IgG antibodies is essential in order to estimate the risk of reinfection and to plan vaccination. We analyzed the impact of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the clinical and biological factors regarding the persistence of SARs-CoV-2 anti-spike protein (IgG-S) antibodies at 12 months.
Methods: This was an observational, longitudinal study with individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 between August 2020 and June 2021. Peripheral blood samples were collected from volunteers who were hospitalized (SERIOUS COVID-19) and those who required no hospitalization (COVID-19 LIGHT). Samples were grouped according to days after symptom onset: up to 90, between 91 and 180, ≥ 180 days after symptom onset. A semiquantitative test for IgG anti-spike protein S1(IgG-S1) was used.
Results: We analyzed 238 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19, of whom 87 had been hospitalized and 151 had not. They provided 148 and 220 samples, respectively. Among those hospitalized, males (65.5%), volunteers aged over 60 years (41.1%), comorbidities such as arterial hypertension (67.8%) and diabetes mellitus (37.9%) were most frequent. We observed higher median serum IgG-S1 titers among those who had recovered from COVID-19 and had been hospitalized, at all collection time intervals (p < 0.001). We observed a weak correlation of increasing age with humoral IgG-S1 response (Spearman correlation = 0.298). There was a greater probability of IgG-S1 antibody persistence over time among samples from hospitalized individuals compared to samples from non-hospitalized participants (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: This study has revealed higher titers and a higher probability of the persistence of IgG-S1 in severe cases after SARs-CoV-2 primary infection in unvaccinated recovered patients. Thus, in this study, the severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 was the main factor influencing serum levels and the persistence of IgG-S1 antibodies in COVID-19.
Keywords: Antibody; COVID-19; Longitudinal study; SARS-CoV-2.