tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
BMC Infect Dis
. 2024 Jun 20;24(1):612.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09490-y. T cell-mediated Immune response and correlates of inflammation and their relationship with COVID-19 clinical severity: not an intuitive guess
Nathalia Mantovani Pena[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Luiz Claudio Santana[SUP] 1 [/SUP], James R Hunter[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vinicius Fontanesi Blum[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tania Vergara[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Celso Gouvea[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Elcio Leal[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Nancy Bellei[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mauro Schechter[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Ricardo Sobhie Diaz[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Predictors of the outcome of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain to be fully determined. We evaluated selected viral characteristics and immunological responses that might predict and/or correlate to the clinical outcome of COVID-19.
Methods: For individuals developing divergent clinical outcomes, the magnitude and breadth of T cell-mediated responses were measured within 36 h of symptom onset. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were subjected to in vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-based peptides. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 sequences were generated by metagenome, and HLA typing was performed using Luminex technology.
Findings: CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell activation was negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 basal viral load in patients with severe COVID-19 (p = 0·043). The overall cellular immune response, as inferred by the IFN-γ signal, was higher at baseline for patients who progressed to mild disease compared to patients who progressed to severe disease (p = 0·0044). Subjects with milder disease developed higher T cell responses for MHC class I and II-restricted peptides (p = 0·033).
Interpretation: Mounting specific cellular immune responses in the first days after symptom onset, as inferred by IFN-γ magnitude in the ELISPOT assay, may efficiently favor a positive outcome. In contrast, progression to severe COVID-19 was accompanied by stronger cellular immune responses, higher CD4 + T cell activation, and a higher number of in silico predicted high-affinity class I HLA alleles.
Keywords: Antiviral response; COVID-19 severity; Cellular immune response; HIV-1.
. 2024 Jun 20;24(1):612.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09490-y. T cell-mediated Immune response and correlates of inflammation and their relationship with COVID-19 clinical severity: not an intuitive guess
Nathalia Mantovani Pena[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Luiz Claudio Santana[SUP] 1 [/SUP], James R Hunter[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vinicius Fontanesi Blum[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tania Vergara[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Celso Gouvea[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Elcio Leal[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Nancy Bellei[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mauro Schechter[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Ricardo Sobhie Diaz[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38902613
- DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09490-y
Background: Predictors of the outcome of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain to be fully determined. We evaluated selected viral characteristics and immunological responses that might predict and/or correlate to the clinical outcome of COVID-19.
Methods: For individuals developing divergent clinical outcomes, the magnitude and breadth of T cell-mediated responses were measured within 36 h of symptom onset. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were subjected to in vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-based peptides. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 sequences were generated by metagenome, and HLA typing was performed using Luminex technology.
Findings: CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell activation was negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 basal viral load in patients with severe COVID-19 (p = 0·043). The overall cellular immune response, as inferred by the IFN-γ signal, was higher at baseline for patients who progressed to mild disease compared to patients who progressed to severe disease (p = 0·0044). Subjects with milder disease developed higher T cell responses for MHC class I and II-restricted peptides (p = 0·033).
Interpretation: Mounting specific cellular immune responses in the first days after symptom onset, as inferred by IFN-γ magnitude in the ELISPOT assay, may efficiently favor a positive outcome. In contrast, progression to severe COVID-19 was accompanied by stronger cellular immune responses, higher CD4 + T cell activation, and a higher number of in silico predicted high-affinity class I HLA alleles.
Keywords: Antiviral response; COVID-19 severity; Cellular immune response; HIV-1.