tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Card Fail Rev
. 2025 Apr 15:11:e09.
doi: 10.15420/cfr.2024.21. eCollection 2025. Cardiac Dysfunction and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Angela Cozma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Violeta Briciu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adela Viviana Sitar-Tăut[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Leucuţa[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nicolae-Dan Sporiş[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Andrada-Luciana Lazar[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Toma-Vlad Mălinescu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andreea-Maria Ganea[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Călin Vasile Vlad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mihaela Lupşe[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adriana Fodor[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Andreea Terec[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ramona Suharoschi[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Madalina Indre[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Olga Hilda Orăşan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is still a burden for healthcare systems worldwide. Now, the focus is not only on acute infections, but also on the long-term effects of COVID-19. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cardiovascular system, and determine the evolution of these changes over 6 months in patients with mild and moderate COVID-19.
Methods: The prospective observational study included 103 patients with mild and moderate COVID-19. The patients underwent an echocardiography and a measurement of the arterial stiffness parameters at baseline and 6 months from the initial assessment.
Results: The diastolic dysfunction (the left atrium volume) was statistically significant at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up in men with moderate COVID-19. The ejection fraction presented significant differences globally in mild versus moderate COVID-19 (p=0.043) that disappeared at 6-month follow-up. Global longitudinal strain alterations were also found in both mild and moderate COVID-19 cases. Regarding the aortic pulse wave velocity, the SARS-CoV-2 infection did not influence the arterial stiffness. Ventricular arterial coupling was significantly altered in moderate COVID-19 at the 6-month evaluation (p=0.0218). Male patients presented a lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion at baseline. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction was more frequent among men. Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure increased significantly only in men with moderate disease. Additionally, statistically significant changes at baseline and at 6 months were found regarding the intima-media thickness.
Conclusion: This study shows the cardiovascular long-term sequelae associated with COVID-19 in mild and moderate cases, and emphasises the appropriate investigations for their diagnosis and follow-up.
Keywords: Long COVID; atherosclerosis; left atrium volume; systolic function.
. 2025 Apr 15:11:e09.
doi: 10.15420/cfr.2024.21. eCollection 2025. Cardiac Dysfunction and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Angela Cozma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Violeta Briciu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adela Viviana Sitar-Tăut[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Leucuţa[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nicolae-Dan Sporiş[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Andrada-Luciana Lazar[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Toma-Vlad Mălinescu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andreea-Maria Ganea[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Călin Vasile Vlad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mihaela Lupşe[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adriana Fodor[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Andreea Terec[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ramona Suharoschi[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Madalina Indre[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Olga Hilda Orăşan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40309668
- PMCID: PMC12042291
- DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2024.21
Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is still a burden for healthcare systems worldwide. Now, the focus is not only on acute infections, but also on the long-term effects of COVID-19. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cardiovascular system, and determine the evolution of these changes over 6 months in patients with mild and moderate COVID-19.
Methods: The prospective observational study included 103 patients with mild and moderate COVID-19. The patients underwent an echocardiography and a measurement of the arterial stiffness parameters at baseline and 6 months from the initial assessment.
Results: The diastolic dysfunction (the left atrium volume) was statistically significant at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up in men with moderate COVID-19. The ejection fraction presented significant differences globally in mild versus moderate COVID-19 (p=0.043) that disappeared at 6-month follow-up. Global longitudinal strain alterations were also found in both mild and moderate COVID-19 cases. Regarding the aortic pulse wave velocity, the SARS-CoV-2 infection did not influence the arterial stiffness. Ventricular arterial coupling was significantly altered in moderate COVID-19 at the 6-month evaluation (p=0.0218). Male patients presented a lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion at baseline. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction was more frequent among men. Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure increased significantly only in men with moderate disease. Additionally, statistically significant changes at baseline and at 6 months were found regarding the intima-media thickness.
Conclusion: This study shows the cardiovascular long-term sequelae associated with COVID-19 in mild and moderate cases, and emphasises the appropriate investigations for their diagnosis and follow-up.
Keywords: Long COVID; atherosclerosis; left atrium volume; systolic function.
