Cell Rep . Antibodies targeting conserved non-canonical antigens and endemic coronaviruses associate with favorable outcomes in severe COVID-19

[tetano]

Cell Rep


. 2022 Jun 13;111020.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111020. Online ahead of print.
Antibodies targeting conserved non-canonical antigens and endemic coronaviruses associate with favorable outcomes in severe COVID-19


Sai Preetham Peddireddy[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Syed A Rahman[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anthony R Cillo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Godhev Manakkat Vijay[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ashwin Somasundaram[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Creg J Workman[SUP] 3 [/SUP], William Bain[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Bryan J McVerry[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Barbara Methe[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Janet S Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Prabir Ray[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Anuradha Ray[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tullia C Bruno[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Dario A A Vignali[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Georgios D Kitsios[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Alison Morris[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Harinder Singh[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Aniruddh Sarkar[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Jishnu Das[SUP] 8 [/SUP]



Affiliations

• PMID: 35738278
• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111020

Abstract

While there have been extensive analyses characterizing cellular and humoral responses across the severity spectrum in COVID-19, outcome predictors within severe COVID-19 remain less comprehensively elucidated. Furthermore, properties of antibodies (Abs) directed against viral antigens beyond spike and their associations with disease outcomes remain poorly defined. We perform deep molecular profiling of Abs directed against a wide range of antigenic specificities in severe COVID-19 patients. The profiles included canonical (spike , receptor-binding domain [RBD], and nucleocapsid [N]) and non-canonical (orf3a, orf8, nsp3, nsp13, and membrane [M]) antigenic specificities. Notably, multivariate Ab profiles directed against canonical or non-canonical antigens are equally discriminative of survival in severe COVID-19. Intriguingly, pre-pandemic healthy controls have cross-reactive Abs directed against nsp13, a protein conserved across coronaviruses. Consistent with these findings, a model built on Ab profiles for endemic coronavirus antigens also predicts COVID-19 outcome. Our results suggest the importance of studying Abs targeting non-canonical severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and endemic coronavirus antigens in COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; CP: Immunology; CP: Microbiology; antibody profiling; cross-reactivity; endemic coronaviruses; non-canonical antigens; nsp13; systems immunology.