tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Rep
. 2022 Feb 21;110502.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502. Online ahead of print.
BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2
Eva Kaufmann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nargis Khan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kim A Tran[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Antigona Ulndreaj[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Erwan Pernet[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ghislaine Fontes[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andréanne Lupien[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patrice Desmeules[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fiona McIntosh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amina Abow[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Simone J C F M Moorlag[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Priya Debisarun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Karen Mossman[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Arinjay Banerjee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Danielle Karo-Atar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mina Sadeghi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Samira Mubareka[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Donald C Vinh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Irah L King[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Clinton S Robbins[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marcel A Behr[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mihai G Netea[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Philippe Joubert[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Maziar Divangahi[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.
Keywords: BCG vaccination; SARS-CoV-2; animal models; hematopoietic stem cells; influenza virus; lung pathology; monocytes; trained immunity.
. 2022 Feb 21;110502.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502. Online ahead of print.
BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2
Eva Kaufmann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nargis Khan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kim A Tran[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Antigona Ulndreaj[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Erwan Pernet[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ghislaine Fontes[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Andréanne Lupien[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Patrice Desmeules[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fiona McIntosh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amina Abow[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Simone J C F M Moorlag[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Priya Debisarun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Karen Mossman[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Arinjay Banerjee[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Danielle Karo-Atar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mina Sadeghi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Samira Mubareka[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Donald C Vinh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Irah L King[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Clinton S Robbins[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marcel A Behr[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mihai G Netea[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Philippe Joubert[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Maziar Divangahi[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35235831
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110502
Abstract
Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.
Keywords: BCG vaccination; SARS-CoV-2; animal models; hematopoietic stem cells; influenza virus; lung pathology; monocytes; trained immunity.