tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Rep
. 2025 Apr 1;44(4):115498.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498. Online ahead of print. Long-lasting antibody B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 three years after the onset of the pandemic
Luis M Molinos-Albert[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rocío Rubio[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Carla Martín-Pérez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edwards Pradenas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cèlia Torres[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Alfons Jiménez[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mar Canyelles[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marta Vidal[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Diana Barrios[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Silvia Marfil[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ester Aparicio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anna Ramírez-Morros[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Benjamin Trinité[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Josep Vidal-Alaball[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Pere Santamaria[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Pau Serra[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Luis Izquierdo[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Ruth Aguilar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Ruiz-Comellas[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Julià Blanco[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Carlota Dobaño[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Gemma Moncunill[SUP] 14 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Immune memory is essential for the effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. In the current context of the pandemic, with a diminished vaccine efficacy against emerging variants, it remains crucial to perform long-term studies to evaluate the durability and quality of immune responses. Here, we examined the antibody and memory B-cell responses in a cohort of 113 healthcare workers with distinct exposure histories over a 3-year period. Previously infected and naive participants developed comparable humoral responses by 17 months after receiving a full three-dose mRNA vaccination. In addition, both maintained a substantial SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory B-cell pool, associated with a lower incidence of breakthrough infections in naive participants. Of note, previously infected participants developed an expanded SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD27[SUP]-[/SUP]CD21[SUP]-[/SUP] atypical B-cell population that remained stable throughout the follow-up period. Thus, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection differentially imprints the memory B-cell compartment without compromising the development of long-lasting humoral responses.
Keywords: B cells; COVID-19; CP: Immunology; SARS-CoV-2; antibodies; atypical memory B cells; humoral immunology; immune memory; longitudinal cohorts.
. 2025 Apr 1;44(4):115498.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498. Online ahead of print. Long-lasting antibody B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 three years after the onset of the pandemic
Luis M Molinos-Albert[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rocío Rubio[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Carla Martín-Pérez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edwards Pradenas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cèlia Torres[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Alfons Jiménez[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mar Canyelles[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marta Vidal[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Diana Barrios[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Silvia Marfil[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ester Aparicio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Anna Ramírez-Morros[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Benjamin Trinité[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Josep Vidal-Alaball[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Pere Santamaria[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Pau Serra[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Luis Izquierdo[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Ruth Aguilar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Ruiz-Comellas[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Julià Blanco[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Carlota Dobaño[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Gemma Moncunill[SUP] 14 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40173043
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115498
Immune memory is essential for the effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. In the current context of the pandemic, with a diminished vaccine efficacy against emerging variants, it remains crucial to perform long-term studies to evaluate the durability and quality of immune responses. Here, we examined the antibody and memory B-cell responses in a cohort of 113 healthcare workers with distinct exposure histories over a 3-year period. Previously infected and naive participants developed comparable humoral responses by 17 months after receiving a full three-dose mRNA vaccination. In addition, both maintained a substantial SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory B-cell pool, associated with a lower incidence of breakthrough infections in naive participants. Of note, previously infected participants developed an expanded SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD27[SUP]-[/SUP]CD21[SUP]-[/SUP] atypical B-cell population that remained stable throughout the follow-up period. Thus, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection differentially imprints the memory B-cell compartment without compromising the development of long-lasting humoral responses.
Keywords: B cells; COVID-19; CP: Immunology; SARS-CoV-2; antibodies; atypical memory B cells; humoral immunology; immune memory; longitudinal cohorts.