tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Rep Med
. 2021 Apr 7;2(4):100237.
doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100237. eCollection 2021 Apr 20.
Activated CD4 [SUP]+[/SUP] T cells and CD14 [SUP]hi[/SUP] CD16 [SUP]+[/SUP] monocytes correlate with antibody response following influenza virus infection in humans
Sook-San Wong[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Christine M Oshansky[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Xi-Zhi J Guo[SUP] 4 6 7 [/SUP], Jacqui Ralston[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Timothy Wood[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Gary E Reynolds[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Ruth Seeds[SUP] 8 10 [/SUP], Lauren Jelley[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Ben Waite[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Trushar Jeevan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mark Zanin[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Marc-Alain Widdowson[SUP] 11 12 [/SUP], Q Sue Huang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Paul G Thomas[SUP] 4 6 [/SUP], Richard J Webby[SUP] 2 [/SUP], SHIVERS Investigation Team
Collaborators, Affiliations
Abstract
The failure to mount an antibody response following viral infection or seroconversion failure is a largely underappreciated and poorly understood phenomenon. Here, we identified immunologic markers associated with robust antibody responses after influenza virus infection in two independent human cohorts, SHIVERS and FLU09, based in Auckland, New Zealand and Memphis, Tennessee, USA, respectively. In the SHIVERS cohort, seroconversion significantly associates with (1) hospitalization, (2) greater numbers of proliferating, activated CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells, but not CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells, in the periphery during the acute phase of illness, and (3) fewer inflammatory monocytes (CD14[SUP]hi[/SUP]CD16[SUP]+[/SUP]) by convalescence. In the FLU09 cohort, fewer CD14[SUP]hi[/SUP]CD16[SUP]+[/SUP] monocytes during early illness in the nasal mucosa were also associated with the generation of influenza-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibodies. Our study demonstrates that seroconversion failure after infection is a definable immunological phenomenon, associated with quantifiable cellular markers that can be used to improve diagnostics, vaccine efficacy, and epidemiologic efforts.
Keywords: antibody; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; immune correlate; infection; influenza; monocytes; mucosal immunity; respiratory virus; seroconversion.
. 2021 Apr 7;2(4):100237.
doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100237. eCollection 2021 Apr 20.
Activated CD4 [SUP]+[/SUP] T cells and CD14 [SUP]hi[/SUP] CD16 [SUP]+[/SUP] monocytes correlate with antibody response following influenza virus infection in humans
Sook-San Wong[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Christine M Oshansky[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Xi-Zhi J Guo[SUP] 4 6 7 [/SUP], Jacqui Ralston[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Timothy Wood[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Gary E Reynolds[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Ruth Seeds[SUP] 8 10 [/SUP], Lauren Jelley[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Ben Waite[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Trushar Jeevan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mark Zanin[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Marc-Alain Widdowson[SUP] 11 12 [/SUP], Q Sue Huang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Paul G Thomas[SUP] 4 6 [/SUP], Richard J Webby[SUP] 2 [/SUP], SHIVERS Investigation Team
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 33948570
- PMCID: PMC8080109
- DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100237
Abstract
The failure to mount an antibody response following viral infection or seroconversion failure is a largely underappreciated and poorly understood phenomenon. Here, we identified immunologic markers associated with robust antibody responses after influenza virus infection in two independent human cohorts, SHIVERS and FLU09, based in Auckland, New Zealand and Memphis, Tennessee, USA, respectively. In the SHIVERS cohort, seroconversion significantly associates with (1) hospitalization, (2) greater numbers of proliferating, activated CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells, but not CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells, in the periphery during the acute phase of illness, and (3) fewer inflammatory monocytes (CD14[SUP]hi[/SUP]CD16[SUP]+[/SUP]) by convalescence. In the FLU09 cohort, fewer CD14[SUP]hi[/SUP]CD16[SUP]+[/SUP] monocytes during early illness in the nasal mucosa were also associated with the generation of influenza-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibodies. Our study demonstrates that seroconversion failure after infection is a definable immunological phenomenon, associated with quantifiable cellular markers that can be used to improve diagnostics, vaccine efficacy, and epidemiologic efforts.
Keywords: antibody; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; immune correlate; infection; influenza; monocytes; mucosal immunity; respiratory virus; seroconversion.