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XBB.1.5 strain detected in Shanghai! Are the elderly around you dying more than in previous years? Latest response! Will Spring Festival form herd immunity? Zeng Guang made a sound
Market information at 15:05 on January 02, 2023
Recently, the news that XBB.1.5, which claims to have the strongest "immune escape" ability, has become the "number one epidemic strain" in the United States has attracted widespread attention. The XBB.1.5 strain has also been detected in Shanghai. According to the team of Ruijin Hospital Chen Saijuan and Public Health Center Fan Xiaohong, there are 3 cases of XBB.1.5 in Shanghai, which were imported cases and did not cause local transmission.
Do the elderly around you die a lot more than in previous years? Prepared before letting go and still feel caught off guard? How long will the most difficult time last? How high is this wave of cure rate? Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission, responded to each of these in an exclusive interview with CCTV's "Face to Face".
In terms of travel, luxury hotel suites in Sanya, Hainan are fully booked, and air ticket bookings have reached their peak in the past five years. From the perspective of air ticket bookings, after Sanya announced on December 5, 2022 that it would no longer implement classified management of foreign (returning) personnel from the province, the number of air ticket bookings to Sanya on the Qunar platform on December 6 recorded the highest in the past five years. peak. Since December 18, the booking volume of air tickets to Sanya has fluctuated again after a slow decline, and the booking volume in the last week of December has always remained at a high level. Taking the Atlantis Hotel in Sanya as an example, searching for hotels from January 1 to January 3, 2023 found that, including presidential suites priced at more than 20,000 yuan, supreme sea view double (double) bed room, sea view king ( Double) bed rooms are all booked.
Do the elderly around you die a lot more than in previous years? Prepared before letting go and still feel caught off guard? authoritative response
On December 26, 2022, the National Health and Health Commission issued an announcement stating that in order to implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and efficiently coordinate the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus infection and economic and social development, the novel coronavirus will be removed from the Infection is adjusted from "Class B and A tube" to "Class B and B tube". After the adjustment, isolation measures will no longer be implemented for people infected with the new crown virus, close contacts will no longer be identified, and high and low risk areas will no longer be designated. The focus of epidemic prevention and control has shifted from infection prevention and control to medical treatment. This week, "Face to Face" interviewed Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: According to the infection rate in China in the past three years, we also refer to the infection rate in other countries around the world. What we were thinking at the time was that if you do nothing and let the infection completely, then the resources at hand must be insufficient, and certain restrictive measures must be taken. According to the situation of slowing down the epidemic and suppressing the peak, the number of infected people includes the number of people who need to be hospitalized It is enough to slow down the number of people and slow down the supply of our medical resources.
In early December 2022, many cities began to experience a peak of new coronavirus infections, and the number of infected patients soared, and the fever clinics in hospitals were first under pressure. According to media reports, the number of fever outpatients in some hospitals has increased tenfold, and a doctor has seen up to 150 patients in one night.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: We predicted that the demand for fever clinics would increase among ordinary people, so the plan we made at the time was to bear the brunt of fever clinics. We required all hospitals to open fever clinics and meet the needs as much as possible. The medical needs of these fever patients.
In accordance with the principle of opening as much as possible and establishing as much as possible, medical institutions at all levels have opened fever clinics. At the same time, they have simplified the treatment process of fever clinics, increased drug allocation, and improved the efficiency of medical services for fever clinics. According to statistics, as of December 25, 2022, there are more than 16,000 fever clinics in hospitals at or above the second level across the country, and more than 41,000 fever clinics and fever clinics in grassroots medical and health institutions.
Reporter: Can the things we provide meet people's needs for medical treatment?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission: It is definitely not enough to rely on these fever clinics and fever clinics alone. Take Beijing as an example. On the one hand, all fever clinics and fever clinics must be opened. In addition, some gymnasiums and shelter hospitals have also set up temporary fever clinics. If you need to get medicine simply because of fever, you can go to these temporary medical centers. To buy medicine, you can go here for ten minutes to see it. At that time, there was a statistical data in Beijing that the number of fever patients received in temporary hot spots in a district was more than the number of fever patients received by fever clinics in all tertiary hospitals in this district, so this diverted part of the hospital pressure.
With the development of the epidemic, the pressure of treatment began to spread from fever clinics to emergency and critical care departments.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: According to the characteristics and laws of viruses and diseases, it is often after the first week has passed that severe cases gradually begin to emerge in the second week. Then after the serious illness comes out, the emergency department faces the greatest pressure at this time. When the demand for fever clinics declines, the pressure of the emergency department begins to appear. The pressure of the emergency department is emerging, and there will be a series of chains immediately. Recently, you have seen a sharp increase in the demand for 120 beds. For example, it is said that it is difficult to find a bed for severe patients and hospital beds.
Reporter: At this time, you still have to take care of your family. How many resources do I have to meet the more urgent needs at this time?
Jiao Yahui, Director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: In fact, from the beginning of December 2022, we issued a plan to make preparations in this regard, expand and transform. We require that there are comprehensive ICUs like before, so the number of beds may not be enough and we need to increase them. In addition, we require hospitals to prepare some convertible ICUs according to the proportion of comprehensive ICUs. These convertible ICUs must be ready within 24 hours when the resources for severe cases increase rapidly and are about to reach a critical value. Become a comprehensive ICU.
Taking Beijing Chaoyang Hospital as an example, relying on the advantages of respiratory, emergency, critical care medicine, cardiovascular and other specialties, the hospital has opened a total of 15 comprehensive treatment wards with 538 open beds, including 69 critical care beds, and is fully committed to the treatment of new coronavirus infection critically ill patients.
Reporter: Do you think the hospital can handle it?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases: At the beginning, there were many positive tests among medical staff, and there were not enough doctors and nurses. As a medical staff, I think I can fully understand the current epidemic situation.
Reporter: For example, it’s like fighting a war. I have prepared people, weapons and equipment, and even food and grass. But when you actually go to the battlefield, you will find that you will face many more enemies than I imagined. How to fight this battle at this time?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: We require hospitals to coordinate all bed resources, equipment, beds, and medical staff throughout the hospital. For example, when there is a large number of patients in the fever clinic, the whole hospital supports the fever clinic to go to the departure clinic; now when the emergency volume is large, the whole hospital needs to support the emergency department.
In the decisive battle with the new crown virus, various departments of the hospital were pressed on the fast forward button and began to run at overdrive.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: The beds in the emergency room must be turned over as soon as possible to prevent bed pressure, so when we enter the emergency room, in fact, although the beds we see are all full, they must not be the same group of patients , because we now require emergency observation and rescue to be cleared and treated within 24 hours.
Reporter: What do you mean?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: That is to say, those people you are currently observing in the emergency department must be sent to the ward within 24 hours, and the emergency beds should be reserved for the next group. patient use.
Reporter: 24 hours a cycle?
Jiao Yahui, Director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Patients must be cleared for treatment within 24 hours. In fact, many hospitals are no longer 24 hours. It may take more than ten hours to free up. In addition, another very important issue is to move the gate forward. If we just wait passively until the serious illness becomes serious and come to the hospital to pick it up, then the resources of our tertiary hospital will be saturated one day. So now we also propose, in fact, this is also our three-year experience, that is, to move the barrier forward, early intervention and early treatment can prevent mild symptoms from becoming severe.
In order to move the gate forward, implement the overall plan requirements of "Class B and B management" for new coronavirus infection, and rely on grassroots medical and health institutions to implement hierarchical health management for risk groups within the jurisdiction.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: It is to let community grassroots medical and health institutions first identify those people with high-risk factors in their jurisdiction, and evaluate their health for the elderly with underlying diseases, those on dialysis, pregnant women, and children. Risk level, according to different health risk levels, establish health files of different colors, and manage them in different levels, red, yellow, and green. Red is the highest risk factor; yellow is moderate; green is relatively safe. Through the health monitoring of health records, they can manage their health.
Reporter: As for the elderly, the elderly in their 70s and 80s have underlying diseases, what should they do if they have some symptoms?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:Once red, we ask such elderly people to be referred immediately, and go directly to a tertiary hospital for treatment, because at this time only in a tertiary hospital can it be possible to reduce the severity of the disease.
As the Spring Festival approaches, my country is about to usher in a large-scale population flow between urban and rural areas, which will inevitably lead to the rapid spread of the new crown virus. Because rural areas have a vast area and a large population, but the per capita medical resources are limited, how to deal with the peak of infection in vast rural areas has become a huge challenge.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: What we are most worried about is that after three years, everyone has not gone home for the New Year. This year, we can finally go home for the New Year. If this happens, there may be a retaliatory peak flow of people from cities to the countryside. , Going home to visit relatives for the New Year, so we are more worried about the epidemic in rural areas. In fact, the most important thing in rural areas is two points: one is to ensure that the medicine can go down, and the supply must cover the Spring Festival travel period or even longer; If it can be transferred, at least it can be transferred to the county hospital for treatment.
Reporter: Who will do this?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: On the one hand, we require the county and township to organize vehicles and make preparations for the vehicles. Once there is a change in the condition and needs to be transferred, there will be transportation to transfer him to the county hospital as soon as possible. In addition, we also use the urban and rural hospital counterpart support that we have formed over the years, and these high-quality medical resources in the city provide counterpart assistance to county hospitals. On the one hand, it is remote; on the other hand, it is necessary to send experienced medical personnel to the county hospital to prepare for the treatment of these severe diseases.
In order to cope with the coming peak of the new crown virus infection, the national medical and health system is ready and doing its best to prepare in all aspects. It is also due to the comprehensive assessment of factors such as virus mutation, epidemic situation, and the foundation of my country's prevention and control that my country already has the basic conditions to adjust the new coronavirus infection from "Class B and A control" to "Class B and B control".
Reporter: Why did we make such adequate preparations, but people still feel caught off guard?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission:[/COLOR] Actually, I have been paying attention to the reaction of public opinion on the Internet. I think more reactions are about this medicine. In the early stage of fever, it is more of a problem with the medicine, because it cannot be bought. Medicine, if you can’t get medicine, I think there is a lot of public opinion on this. The idea we put forward at that time was also to provide these medical institutions, including grassroots hospitals, including hospitals above the second level, with adequate and sufficient medicines. As a result, in reality, fever clinics and fever clinics were opened, but the medicines There is a shortage of supply, which is a situation where supply exceeds demand.
Reporter: Then what is the reason why the medicine cannot be supplied for a while?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: There are many reasons for this. For example, the retail pharmacies were sold out at the time, and the people stocked up on medicines first. This is a very important reason; the second is that the production and supply of medicines are also based on market demand. Provided, so the market demand will be huge in a short period of time, but the increase in production capacity and output will take time. In addition, in fact, including enterprises, production enterprises are also facing the problem of personnel infection and attrition. Therefore, various factors have caused a shortage of medicines. When severe cases come up now, because our country is still aging, especially there are many elderly people with underlying diseases, so many serious patients come out at once, and everyone has to go to tertiary hospitals, especially to these famous top three hospitals. Our system is a pyramid in the top three hospitals, and a large base has to go to the top of the tower to see a doctor. This contradiction between supply and demand will definitely be particularly prominent.
The rapid spread has caused large-scale infection of the population, and various diseases after infection have aroused many people's new concerns about the Omicron virus.
Reporter: After dealing with viruses for a long time in the past three years, people gradually know that the virus has developed to Omicron, especially when it has developed to this stage. In the world, it seems that we have to reconsider our judgment on this virus and see if it is so?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: I don't think everyone has experienced it deeply in the past three years? In the past three years, in the words of many netizens: The country and the government have been protecting everyone closely, minimizing the number of infected people, early detection, cutting off the transmission route, and especially protecting these vulnerable groups. Now, because the virulence of this virus has been greatly weakened, its transmission power is faster, and more people are infected in a short period of time. It has spread to people of different age groups and people with different physical conditions. People with high fever, sore throat, Pain all over, this is the most common symptom. These are definitely uncomfortable for each individual, but clinically speaking, these symptoms are all our common disease symptoms. As a medical classification, these are typical mild COVID-19 patients, and the vast majority of people still have mild manifestations.
At the beginning of 2020, Tong Zhaohui went to Wuhan to participate in the epidemic prevention and control work as an expert of the Central Steering Group to fight the new crown pneumonia epidemic, and has been fighting on the front line of the epidemic since then. In early December 2022, since the outbreak of the epidemic in Beijing, he was appointed by the Beijing Municipal Health Commission to guide the treatment of critically ill patients at two designated hospitals, Beijing Ditan Hospital and Beijing You'an Hospital.
Reporter: During the period in the two designated hospitals, will you compare it with the period in Wuhan?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases: Yes, we really didn’t understand this when we went to Wuhan, we didn’t understand it at all, we didn’t know what the characteristics of the virus were, and we didn’t know how it would So powerful in Wuhan. Everyone may have a deep memory of Wuhan. The patients all suffered from severe respiratory failure and were all on ventilators and ECMO. This ratio is very high. Later, after passing from Wuhan, we have also been to many places across the country, including returning to Beijing. I think the difficulty from clinical treatment to clinical treatment must be much less difficult than in Wuhan, and we are not under so much pressure. Omicron is characterized by strong infectivity and strong transmission power. Once it was reported that many people were positive, the proportion of people who actually needed to be hospitalized or needed to be admitted to the ICU was still low. Probably I also counted, and the two designated hospitals counted both severe and critical cases, accounting for 3%-4%.
Reporter: You can always hear from your relatives and friends that the elderly in your family have passed away. It seems that there are many more than in previous years?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases:There must be more, we have to admit this. But think about it everyone, how many people around you are positive? Or the whole family may be positive, how many are critically ill? Or have several pneumonia? Everyone should know this.
Reporter: Does it feel like this?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases:Yes, because there is no way to count the specific numbers now, why? We don't know the denominator, because now we no longer do all-member nucleic acid, and we no longer do antigens. It is even said that many people stay at home for a few days, whether they have symptoms or not, they get over after carrying it at home, and then go to work. So maybe all of us have passed the sun, but we don't know what the denominator is.
According to expert analysis, severe and critically ill patients infected with the new coronavirus are still concentrated in the elderly population with underlying diseases. However, the characteristics of high transmission and low virulence of Omicron virus have not changed significantly, but it still cannot be regarded as a large cold.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Although now all netizens are reporting that it is definitely not a big cold. It is true that it is not a big cold. We often confuse a cold with the flu, so we are actually comparing the new crown with the flu, not the new crown with the cold. The symptoms of a cold are indeed very mild, and the self-limiting disease can be cured within a week without taking medicine. But influenza is different. Influenza is caused by influenza virus. Influenza also has systemic symptoms, such as fever, cough, and severe pneumonia. And depending on the virus, its pathogenicity is different. For example, the 2008 H1N1 influenza that everyone is deeply impressed by, the influenza that year was also very severe, and there was once a highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 that was infected by humans. , the fatality rate is very high. So compared with the flu, even if some of it will have some pneumonia, but this pneumonia is far from the "white lung" level that netizens say, and he will get better soon and recover after this treatment.
Reporter: How high is the cure rate in this wave?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: The cure rate in our country has remained above 90% since Wuhan. At the time when Wuhan was the most serious, our cure rate was over 90%, and later it was 93%, 94%, and the higher it went. So in fact, from this wave, what you feel is not the low ratio, but the absolute value. If we have a large base, we may feel that the number of people who are seriously ill, critically ill, or died of illness is increasing. of.
From a global perspective, the current peak of new coronavirus infections in various parts of my country is not an isolated phenomenon.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:In fact, in the past three years, other countries have been experiencing the situation we are experiencing now. We have seen that it is difficult to find a bed for medical treatment in many countries. In other countries, some patients, especially the elderly, are also hard to find a bed when they go to the hospital. But I think the biggest difference between our country and them is that medical staff in some countries go on strike. , because the workload is too heavy, because there are not enough protective equipment. But in the past three years, our medical staff have even rushed to the front line without hesitation. There are no medical staff who need support. When a medical team needs to be sent, everyone actively signs up. So I think our medical staff have shown different behaviors and spirits from those of other countries.
With the gradual adjustment of our country's epidemic prevention policy, especially after the implementation of the "Class B and B Control" of the new crown virus infection, around the goal of "protecting health and preventing severe illness", the majority of medical staff are shouldering more and more burdens in this war without gunpowder smoke. important responsibilities and missions.
Reporter: It's like three years ago when Wuhan was at its most critical, we had to rely on this group of people, and three years later we still have to rely on this group of people?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Yes, we can only rely on these people. And the bigger difference is that they were well protected three years ago. We said that 42,000 people assisted Wuhan and Hubei, and none of the medical teams were infected. But now all of us medical staff are rushing to the front line. They themselves are also infected, and their family members are infected, which means they are under physical and mental pressure. But there is no way, this is their duty, just like soldiers are about to go to the battlefield to fight.[/COLOR]
Reporter: Is this a tough battle?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: It is a very tough battle.
Reporter: Whether it is medical staff or patients, how long will it take to survive this most difficult time?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:Acute infectious diseases still have their own rules. After the peak of acute infection, the first week to the second week is the most difficult. In fact, different cities are now experiencing the peak of emergency and severe cases, which may be our most difficult period. With the severe cases of most infections in this wave, after the peak of infections has passed, there will be a downward trend in the future. Virus transmission must have its transmission coefficient. After it has spread to a certain extent, the virus will always become weaker and weaker. In layman's terms, it means that it cannot be transmitted anymore. At such a stage, this difficulty will definitely pass.
XBB.1.5 has been discovered in Shanghai! Why does it deserve special attention?
According to The Paper, recently, the Global Initiative to Share All Influenza Data (GISAID) database added 369 new sequencing results of the new coronavirus in China, uploaded by Chen Saijuan of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Fan Xiaohong of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. Joint scientific research team. These samples came from patients with new crowns in the Shanghai area. They were randomly collected from November 23 to December 22 this year. Gene sequencing confirmed 30 known subtype strains of Amicron. Among them, the BQ.1 family and XBB family, which are widely prevalent in Europe and the United States, accounted for more than 1/3. large-scale local dissemination. It is worth noting that among the 25 XBB families monitored in Shanghai this time, there were 3 cases of XBB.1.5.
Among the many variant families of Omicron, why does XBB1.5 deserve special attention? It is reported that XBB.1.5 is a "relative" of the Omicron XBB variant, and XBB is a recombination of the Omicron BA.2.10.1 and BA.2.75 sub-variants. Studies in the lab have found that XBB is able to evade antibodies produced by previous infection with the new coronavirus or vaccination, which means that people exposed to XBB may be reinfected and develop symptoms.
According to the World Health Organization, XBB has been detected in at least 70 countries and caused a surge of infections in parts of Asia, including India and Singapore, in October 2022, followed by an outbreak in the United States. According to NBC and other US media reports, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that the new variant of Omicron XBB.1.5 is spreading rapidly in the United States. Compared with BQ.1.1, which previously occupied the main position, the relative growth of XBB.1.5 Almost 100% faster.
Will Spring Festival form herd immunity? Epidemiologist Zeng Guang responded
At the "2022 Phoenix.com Finance and Economics Summit", Zeng Guang, a famous epidemiologist, believes that it depends on each city (situation) as to whether herd immunity will be formed during the Spring Festival. "Herd immunity is a concept. It should be how many people are infected, so that the virus is no longer easy to spread, and it is not easy to spread. It has reached such a situation. There are still many people who remain negative, such as some community elderly hospitals. It is better, outsiders are not allowed in, and the vaccination rate of those elderly people is relatively low. Later, the second wave may not be popular in these places now, and it will not be popular in the future. All in all, the principle of our public health service is to constantly analyze the epidemic situation , keep telling the common people where the risks lie and take precautions.”
"Yangkang" tourists died of heart failure 6 people? For false information!
According to Qinhuangdao Evening News, recently, a news that "6 tourists from 'Yangkang' in Laojunding Scenic Area died of heart failure" spread on the Internet. After learning the news, the reporter immediately contacted Qinhuangdao Laojunding Tourism Development Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. to verify, according to the relevant person in charge of the company, the news is false information, the company has chosen to call the police.
The person in charge of the scenic spot told the reporter: "After our company saw this news on the Internet, we quickly conducted a verification inspection. After verification, there was no death of tourists in the scenic spot. The news is false information, which has brought immeasurable benefits to our company. Therefore, the company reported to the police on December 31, and the public security organs have taken compulsory measures against those suspected of spreading rumors.”
The person in charge of the scenic spot said: "Laojunding Ice and Snow Kingdom Ice Skating and Snow Tourism Project has officially opened on December 17, 2022. Ice and snow tourism includes snow projects, ice projects, sightseeing projects and experience projects. The snow projects include snowboarding. , snowboard, children’s snow circle, S-shaped snow circle, sled and high slope snow circle, etc.; ice sports include ice car, ice hockey, ice dragon boat, ice parent-child car, ice bicycle, ice skates, curling, ice Spinning tops and four-wheeled bicycles, etc.; sightseeing projects include national key tourist villages, cherry blossom tunnels, cute pet paradise, common people's stage, waterfront commercial street, snack street, catch up to the market, stone forest cultural park, ice waterfall, cartoon world, bear haunt, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Snowman World, Longan, Snow Sculptures, Giant Dolls, etc. Experience items include snow swings, snow swings, online celebrity games, snow tug-of-war, etc. At present, all project facilities are running well, and The scenic spot is also equipped with a professional coaching team and emergency rescue personnel, and I hope that tourists will not be affected by false information, go sightseeing in the scenic spot with peace of mind, and experience the unique charm of ice and snow."
zhttps://finance.sina.com.cn/china/2023-01-02/doc-imxyutty9782564.shtml?cre=tianyi&mod=pcpager_news&loc=35&r=0&rfunc=78&tj=cxvertical_pc_pager_news&tr=174
Market information at 15:05 on January 02, 2023
Be wary of XBB.1.5!Recently, the news that XBB.1.5, which claims to have the strongest "immune escape" ability, has become the "number one epidemic strain" in the United States has attracted widespread attention. The XBB.1.5 strain has also been detected in Shanghai. According to the team of Ruijin Hospital Chen Saijuan and Public Health Center Fan Xiaohong, there are 3 cases of XBB.1.5 in Shanghai, which were imported cases and did not cause local transmission.
Do the elderly around you die a lot more than in previous years? Prepared before letting go and still feel caught off guard? How long will the most difficult time last? How high is this wave of cure rate? Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission, responded to each of these in an exclusive interview with CCTV's "Face to Face".
In terms of travel, luxury hotel suites in Sanya, Hainan are fully booked, and air ticket bookings have reached their peak in the past five years. From the perspective of air ticket bookings, after Sanya announced on December 5, 2022 that it would no longer implement classified management of foreign (returning) personnel from the province, the number of air ticket bookings to Sanya on the Qunar platform on December 6 recorded the highest in the past five years. peak. Since December 18, the booking volume of air tickets to Sanya has fluctuated again after a slow decline, and the booking volume in the last week of December has always remained at a high level. Taking the Atlantis Hotel in Sanya as an example, searching for hotels from January 1 to January 3, 2023 found that, including presidential suites priced at more than 20,000 yuan, supreme sea view double (double) bed room, sea view king ( Double) bed rooms are all booked.
Do the elderly around you die a lot more than in previous years? Prepared before letting go and still feel caught off guard? authoritative response
On December 26, 2022, the National Health and Health Commission issued an announcement stating that in order to implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and efficiently coordinate the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus infection and economic and social development, the novel coronavirus will be removed from the Infection is adjusted from "Class B and A tube" to "Class B and B tube". After the adjustment, isolation measures will no longer be implemented for people infected with the new crown virus, close contacts will no longer be identified, and high and low risk areas will no longer be designated. The focus of epidemic prevention and control has shifted from infection prevention and control to medical treatment. This week, "Face to Face" interviewed Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: According to the infection rate in China in the past three years, we also refer to the infection rate in other countries around the world. What we were thinking at the time was that if you do nothing and let the infection completely, then the resources at hand must be insufficient, and certain restrictive measures must be taken. According to the situation of slowing down the epidemic and suppressing the peak, the number of infected people includes the number of people who need to be hospitalized It is enough to slow down the number of people and slow down the supply of our medical resources.
In early December 2022, many cities began to experience a peak of new coronavirus infections, and the number of infected patients soared, and the fever clinics in hospitals were first under pressure. According to media reports, the number of fever outpatients in some hospitals has increased tenfold, and a doctor has seen up to 150 patients in one night.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: We predicted that the demand for fever clinics would increase among ordinary people, so the plan we made at the time was to bear the brunt of fever clinics. We required all hospitals to open fever clinics and meet the needs as much as possible. The medical needs of these fever patients.
In accordance with the principle of opening as much as possible and establishing as much as possible, medical institutions at all levels have opened fever clinics. At the same time, they have simplified the treatment process of fever clinics, increased drug allocation, and improved the efficiency of medical services for fever clinics. According to statistics, as of December 25, 2022, there are more than 16,000 fever clinics in hospitals at or above the second level across the country, and more than 41,000 fever clinics and fever clinics in grassroots medical and health institutions.
Reporter: Can the things we provide meet people's needs for medical treatment?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission: It is definitely not enough to rely on these fever clinics and fever clinics alone. Take Beijing as an example. On the one hand, all fever clinics and fever clinics must be opened. In addition, some gymnasiums and shelter hospitals have also set up temporary fever clinics. If you need to get medicine simply because of fever, you can go to these temporary medical centers. To buy medicine, you can go here for ten minutes to see it. At that time, there was a statistical data in Beijing that the number of fever patients received in temporary hot spots in a district was more than the number of fever patients received by fever clinics in all tertiary hospitals in this district, so this diverted part of the hospital pressure.
With the development of the epidemic, the pressure of treatment began to spread from fever clinics to emergency and critical care departments.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: According to the characteristics and laws of viruses and diseases, it is often after the first week has passed that severe cases gradually begin to emerge in the second week. Then after the serious illness comes out, the emergency department faces the greatest pressure at this time. When the demand for fever clinics declines, the pressure of the emergency department begins to appear. The pressure of the emergency department is emerging, and there will be a series of chains immediately. Recently, you have seen a sharp increase in the demand for 120 beds. For example, it is said that it is difficult to find a bed for severe patients and hospital beds.
Reporter: At this time, you still have to take care of your family. How many resources do I have to meet the more urgent needs at this time?
Jiao Yahui, Director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: In fact, from the beginning of December 2022, we issued a plan to make preparations in this regard, expand and transform. We require that there are comprehensive ICUs like before, so the number of beds may not be enough and we need to increase them. In addition, we require hospitals to prepare some convertible ICUs according to the proportion of comprehensive ICUs. These convertible ICUs must be ready within 24 hours when the resources for severe cases increase rapidly and are about to reach a critical value. Become a comprehensive ICU.
Taking Beijing Chaoyang Hospital as an example, relying on the advantages of respiratory, emergency, critical care medicine, cardiovascular and other specialties, the hospital has opened a total of 15 comprehensive treatment wards with 538 open beds, including 69 critical care beds, and is fully committed to the treatment of new coronavirus infection critically ill patients.
Reporter: Do you think the hospital can handle it?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases: At the beginning, there were many positive tests among medical staff, and there were not enough doctors and nurses. As a medical staff, I think I can fully understand the current epidemic situation.
Reporter: For example, it’s like fighting a war. I have prepared people, weapons and equipment, and even food and grass. But when you actually go to the battlefield, you will find that you will face many more enemies than I imagined. How to fight this battle at this time?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: We require hospitals to coordinate all bed resources, equipment, beds, and medical staff throughout the hospital. For example, when there is a large number of patients in the fever clinic, the whole hospital supports the fever clinic to go to the departure clinic; now when the emergency volume is large, the whole hospital needs to support the emergency department.
In the decisive battle with the new crown virus, various departments of the hospital were pressed on the fast forward button and began to run at overdrive.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: The beds in the emergency room must be turned over as soon as possible to prevent bed pressure, so when we enter the emergency room, in fact, although the beds we see are all full, they must not be the same group of patients , because we now require emergency observation and rescue to be cleared and treated within 24 hours.
Reporter: What do you mean?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: That is to say, those people you are currently observing in the emergency department must be sent to the ward within 24 hours, and the emergency beds should be reserved for the next group. patient use.
Reporter: 24 hours a cycle?
Jiao Yahui, Director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Patients must be cleared for treatment within 24 hours. In fact, many hospitals are no longer 24 hours. It may take more than ten hours to free up. In addition, another very important issue is to move the gate forward. If we just wait passively until the serious illness becomes serious and come to the hospital to pick it up, then the resources of our tertiary hospital will be saturated one day. So now we also propose, in fact, this is also our three-year experience, that is, to move the barrier forward, early intervention and early treatment can prevent mild symptoms from becoming severe.
In order to move the gate forward, implement the overall plan requirements of "Class B and B management" for new coronavirus infection, and rely on grassroots medical and health institutions to implement hierarchical health management for risk groups within the jurisdiction.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: It is to let community grassroots medical and health institutions first identify those people with high-risk factors in their jurisdiction, and evaluate their health for the elderly with underlying diseases, those on dialysis, pregnant women, and children. Risk level, according to different health risk levels, establish health files of different colors, and manage them in different levels, red, yellow, and green. Red is the highest risk factor; yellow is moderate; green is relatively safe. Through the health monitoring of health records, they can manage their health.
Reporter: As for the elderly, the elderly in their 70s and 80s have underlying diseases, what should they do if they have some symptoms?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:Once red, we ask such elderly people to be referred immediately, and go directly to a tertiary hospital for treatment, because at this time only in a tertiary hospital can it be possible to reduce the severity of the disease.
As the Spring Festival approaches, my country is about to usher in a large-scale population flow between urban and rural areas, which will inevitably lead to the rapid spread of the new crown virus. Because rural areas have a vast area and a large population, but the per capita medical resources are limited, how to deal with the peak of infection in vast rural areas has become a huge challenge.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission: What we are most worried about is that after three years, everyone has not gone home for the New Year. This year, we can finally go home for the New Year. If this happens, there may be a retaliatory peak flow of people from cities to the countryside. , Going home to visit relatives for the New Year, so we are more worried about the epidemic in rural areas. In fact, the most important thing in rural areas is two points: one is to ensure that the medicine can go down, and the supply must cover the Spring Festival travel period or even longer; If it can be transferred, at least it can be transferred to the county hospital for treatment.
Reporter: Who will do this?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: On the one hand, we require the county and township to organize vehicles and make preparations for the vehicles. Once there is a change in the condition and needs to be transferred, there will be transportation to transfer him to the county hospital as soon as possible. In addition, we also use the urban and rural hospital counterpart support that we have formed over the years, and these high-quality medical resources in the city provide counterpart assistance to county hospitals. On the one hand, it is remote; on the other hand, it is necessary to send experienced medical personnel to the county hospital to prepare for the treatment of these severe diseases.
In order to cope with the coming peak of the new crown virus infection, the national medical and health system is ready and doing its best to prepare in all aspects. It is also due to the comprehensive assessment of factors such as virus mutation, epidemic situation, and the foundation of my country's prevention and control that my country already has the basic conditions to adjust the new coronavirus infection from "Class B and A control" to "Class B and B control".
Reporter: Why did we make such adequate preparations, but people still feel caught off guard?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Health Commission:[/COLOR] Actually, I have been paying attention to the reaction of public opinion on the Internet. I think more reactions are about this medicine. In the early stage of fever, it is more of a problem with the medicine, because it cannot be bought. Medicine, if you can’t get medicine, I think there is a lot of public opinion on this. The idea we put forward at that time was also to provide these medical institutions, including grassroots hospitals, including hospitals above the second level, with adequate and sufficient medicines. As a result, in reality, fever clinics and fever clinics were opened, but the medicines There is a shortage of supply, which is a situation where supply exceeds demand.
Reporter: Then what is the reason why the medicine cannot be supplied for a while?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: There are many reasons for this. For example, the retail pharmacies were sold out at the time, and the people stocked up on medicines first. This is a very important reason; the second is that the production and supply of medicines are also based on market demand. Provided, so the market demand will be huge in a short period of time, but the increase in production capacity and output will take time. In addition, in fact, including enterprises, production enterprises are also facing the problem of personnel infection and attrition. Therefore, various factors have caused a shortage of medicines. When severe cases come up now, because our country is still aging, especially there are many elderly people with underlying diseases, so many serious patients come out at once, and everyone has to go to tertiary hospitals, especially to these famous top three hospitals. Our system is a pyramid in the top three hospitals, and a large base has to go to the top of the tower to see a doctor. This contradiction between supply and demand will definitely be particularly prominent.
The rapid spread has caused large-scale infection of the population, and various diseases after infection have aroused many people's new concerns about the Omicron virus.
Reporter: After dealing with viruses for a long time in the past three years, people gradually know that the virus has developed to Omicron, especially when it has developed to this stage. In the world, it seems that we have to reconsider our judgment on this virus and see if it is so?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: I don't think everyone has experienced it deeply in the past three years? In the past three years, in the words of many netizens: The country and the government have been protecting everyone closely, minimizing the number of infected people, early detection, cutting off the transmission route, and especially protecting these vulnerable groups. Now, because the virulence of this virus has been greatly weakened, its transmission power is faster, and more people are infected in a short period of time. It has spread to people of different age groups and people with different physical conditions. People with high fever, sore throat, Pain all over, this is the most common symptom. These are definitely uncomfortable for each individual, but clinically speaking, these symptoms are all our common disease symptoms. As a medical classification, these are typical mild COVID-19 patients, and the vast majority of people still have mild manifestations.
At the beginning of 2020, Tong Zhaohui went to Wuhan to participate in the epidemic prevention and control work as an expert of the Central Steering Group to fight the new crown pneumonia epidemic, and has been fighting on the front line of the epidemic since then. In early December 2022, since the outbreak of the epidemic in Beijing, he was appointed by the Beijing Municipal Health Commission to guide the treatment of critically ill patients at two designated hospitals, Beijing Ditan Hospital and Beijing You'an Hospital.
Reporter: During the period in the two designated hospitals, will you compare it with the period in Wuhan?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases: Yes, we really didn’t understand this when we went to Wuhan, we didn’t understand it at all, we didn’t know what the characteristics of the virus were, and we didn’t know how it would So powerful in Wuhan. Everyone may have a deep memory of Wuhan. The patients all suffered from severe respiratory failure and were all on ventilators and ECMO. This ratio is very high. Later, after passing from Wuhan, we have also been to many places across the country, including returning to Beijing. I think the difficulty from clinical treatment to clinical treatment must be much less difficult than in Wuhan, and we are not under so much pressure. Omicron is characterized by strong infectivity and strong transmission power. Once it was reported that many people were positive, the proportion of people who actually needed to be hospitalized or needed to be admitted to the ICU was still low. Probably I also counted, and the two designated hospitals counted both severe and critical cases, accounting for 3%-4%.
Reporter: You can always hear from your relatives and friends that the elderly in your family have passed away. It seems that there are many more than in previous years?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases:There must be more, we have to admit this. But think about it everyone, how many people around you are positive? Or the whole family may be positive, how many are critically ill? Or have several pneumonia? Everyone should know this.
Reporter: Does it feel like this?
Tong Zhaohui, deputy director of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital and director of the Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases:Yes, because there is no way to count the specific numbers now, why? We don't know the denominator, because now we no longer do all-member nucleic acid, and we no longer do antigens. It is even said that many people stay at home for a few days, whether they have symptoms or not, they get over after carrying it at home, and then go to work. So maybe all of us have passed the sun, but we don't know what the denominator is.
According to expert analysis, severe and critically ill patients infected with the new coronavirus are still concentrated in the elderly population with underlying diseases. However, the characteristics of high transmission and low virulence of Omicron virus have not changed significantly, but it still cannot be regarded as a large cold.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Although now all netizens are reporting that it is definitely not a big cold. It is true that it is not a big cold. We often confuse a cold with the flu, so we are actually comparing the new crown with the flu, not the new crown with the cold. The symptoms of a cold are indeed very mild, and the self-limiting disease can be cured within a week without taking medicine. But influenza is different. Influenza is caused by influenza virus. Influenza also has systemic symptoms, such as fever, cough, and severe pneumonia. And depending on the virus, its pathogenicity is different. For example, the 2008 H1N1 influenza that everyone is deeply impressed by, the influenza that year was also very severe, and there was once a highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 that was infected by humans. , the fatality rate is very high. So compared with the flu, even if some of it will have some pneumonia, but this pneumonia is far from the "white lung" level that netizens say, and he will get better soon and recover after this treatment.
Reporter: How high is the cure rate in this wave?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: The cure rate in our country has remained above 90% since Wuhan. At the time when Wuhan was the most serious, our cure rate was over 90%, and later it was 93%, 94%, and the higher it went. So in fact, from this wave, what you feel is not the low ratio, but the absolute value. If we have a large base, we may feel that the number of people who are seriously ill, critically ill, or died of illness is increasing. of.
From a global perspective, the current peak of new coronavirus infections in various parts of my country is not an isolated phenomenon.
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:In fact, in the past three years, other countries have been experiencing the situation we are experiencing now. We have seen that it is difficult to find a bed for medical treatment in many countries. In other countries, some patients, especially the elderly, are also hard to find a bed when they go to the hospital. But I think the biggest difference between our country and them is that medical staff in some countries go on strike. , because the workload is too heavy, because there are not enough protective equipment. But in the past three years, our medical staff have even rushed to the front line without hesitation. There are no medical staff who need support. When a medical team needs to be sent, everyone actively signs up. So I think our medical staff have shown different behaviors and spirits from those of other countries.
With the gradual adjustment of our country's epidemic prevention policy, especially after the implementation of the "Class B and B Control" of the new crown virus infection, around the goal of "protecting health and preventing severe illness", the majority of medical staff are shouldering more and more burdens in this war without gunpowder smoke. important responsibilities and missions.
Reporter: It's like three years ago when Wuhan was at its most critical, we had to rely on this group of people, and three years later we still have to rely on this group of people?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: Yes, we can only rely on these people. And the bigger difference is that they were well protected three years ago. We said that 42,000 people assisted Wuhan and Hubei, and none of the medical teams were infected. But now all of us medical staff are rushing to the front line. They themselves are also infected, and their family members are infected, which means they are under physical and mental pressure. But there is no way, this is their duty, just like soldiers are about to go to the battlefield to fight.[/COLOR]
Reporter: Is this a tough battle?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission: It is a very tough battle.
Reporter: Whether it is medical staff or patients, how long will it take to survive this most difficult time?
Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health Commission:Acute infectious diseases still have their own rules. After the peak of acute infection, the first week to the second week is the most difficult. In fact, different cities are now experiencing the peak of emergency and severe cases, which may be our most difficult period. With the severe cases of most infections in this wave, after the peak of infections has passed, there will be a downward trend in the future. Virus transmission must have its transmission coefficient. After it has spread to a certain extent, the virus will always become weaker and weaker. In layman's terms, it means that it cannot be transmitted anymore. At such a stage, this difficulty will definitely pass.
XBB.1.5 has been discovered in Shanghai! Why does it deserve special attention?
According to The Paper, recently, the Global Initiative to Share All Influenza Data (GISAID) database added 369 new sequencing results of the new coronavirus in China, uploaded by Chen Saijuan of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Fan Xiaohong of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. Joint scientific research team. These samples came from patients with new crowns in the Shanghai area. They were randomly collected from November 23 to December 22 this year. Gene sequencing confirmed 30 known subtype strains of Amicron. Among them, the BQ.1 family and XBB family, which are widely prevalent in Europe and the United States, accounted for more than 1/3. large-scale local dissemination. It is worth noting that among the 25 XBB families monitored in Shanghai this time, there were 3 cases of XBB.1.5.
Among the many variant families of Omicron, why does XBB1.5 deserve special attention? It is reported that XBB.1.5 is a "relative" of the Omicron XBB variant, and XBB is a recombination of the Omicron BA.2.10.1 and BA.2.75 sub-variants. Studies in the lab have found that XBB is able to evade antibodies produced by previous infection with the new coronavirus or vaccination, which means that people exposed to XBB may be reinfected and develop symptoms.
According to the World Health Organization, XBB has been detected in at least 70 countries and caused a surge of infections in parts of Asia, including India and Singapore, in October 2022, followed by an outbreak in the United States. According to NBC and other US media reports, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that the new variant of Omicron XBB.1.5 is spreading rapidly in the United States. Compared with BQ.1.1, which previously occupied the main position, the relative growth of XBB.1.5 Almost 100% faster.
Will Spring Festival form herd immunity? Epidemiologist Zeng Guang responded
At the "2022 Phoenix.com Finance and Economics Summit", Zeng Guang, a famous epidemiologist, believes that it depends on each city (situation) as to whether herd immunity will be formed during the Spring Festival. "Herd immunity is a concept. It should be how many people are infected, so that the virus is no longer easy to spread, and it is not easy to spread. It has reached such a situation. There are still many people who remain negative, such as some community elderly hospitals. It is better, outsiders are not allowed in, and the vaccination rate of those elderly people is relatively low. Later, the second wave may not be popular in these places now, and it will not be popular in the future. All in all, the principle of our public health service is to constantly analyze the epidemic situation , keep telling the common people where the risks lie and take precautions.”
"Yangkang" tourists died of heart failure 6 people? For false information!
According to Qinhuangdao Evening News, recently, a news that "6 tourists from 'Yangkang' in Laojunding Scenic Area died of heart failure" spread on the Internet. After learning the news, the reporter immediately contacted Qinhuangdao Laojunding Tourism Development Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. to verify, according to the relevant person in charge of the company, the news is false information, the company has chosen to call the police.
The person in charge of the scenic spot told the reporter: "After our company saw this news on the Internet, we quickly conducted a verification inspection. After verification, there was no death of tourists in the scenic spot. The news is false information, which has brought immeasurable benefits to our company. Therefore, the company reported to the police on December 31, and the public security organs have taken compulsory measures against those suspected of spreading rumors.”
The person in charge of the scenic spot said: "Laojunding Ice and Snow Kingdom Ice Skating and Snow Tourism Project has officially opened on December 17, 2022. Ice and snow tourism includes snow projects, ice projects, sightseeing projects and experience projects. The snow projects include snowboarding. , snowboard, children’s snow circle, S-shaped snow circle, sled and high slope snow circle, etc.; ice sports include ice car, ice hockey, ice dragon boat, ice parent-child car, ice bicycle, ice skates, curling, ice Spinning tops and four-wheeled bicycles, etc.; sightseeing projects include national key tourist villages, cherry blossom tunnels, cute pet paradise, common people's stage, waterfront commercial street, snack street, catch up to the market, stone forest cultural park, ice waterfall, cartoon world, bear haunt, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Snowman World, Longan, Snow Sculptures, Giant Dolls, etc. Experience items include snow swings, snow swings, online celebrity games, snow tug-of-war, etc. At present, all project facilities are running well, and The scenic spot is also equipped with a professional coaching team and emergency rescue personnel, and I hope that tourists will not be affected by false information, go sightseeing in the scenic spot with peace of mind, and experience the unique charm of ice and snow."
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