tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Immunol
. 2022 Feb 23;108958.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958. Online ahead of print.
A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19
Amin Gasmi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shvetha Srinath[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maryam Dadar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lyudmila Pivina[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alain Menzel[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Asma Gasmi Benahmed[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Salvatore Chirumbolo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Geir Bjørklund[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range from whole virus vaccines to nucleic acid vaccines, which are the most promising in prompt availability and safety. The USA and Europe have approved vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNa1273). So far, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, AstraZeneca-University of Oxford, Sinopharm, Sinovac Biotech Gamaleya, Bharat Biotech, and Novavax have documented effective vaccines. Even with technological advances and a fast-paced development approach, many limitations and problems need to be overcome before a large-scale production of new vaccines can start. The Key is to ensure equal and fair distribution globally through regulatory measures. Recent studies link Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs and lower disease severity.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials; COVID-19 vaccines; Candidate vaccines coronaviruses; Novel coronavirus vaccines; Pandemic vaccine development; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.
. 2022 Feb 23;108958.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958. Online ahead of print.
A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19
Amin Gasmi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shvetha Srinath[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maryam Dadar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lyudmila Pivina[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alain Menzel[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Asma Gasmi Benahmed[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Salvatore Chirumbolo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Geir Bjørklund[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35218966
- PMCID: PMC8865932
- DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958
Abstract
The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range from whole virus vaccines to nucleic acid vaccines, which are the most promising in prompt availability and safety. The USA and Europe have approved vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNa1273). So far, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, AstraZeneca-University of Oxford, Sinopharm, Sinovac Biotech Gamaleya, Bharat Biotech, and Novavax have documented effective vaccines. Even with technological advances and a fast-paced development approach, many limitations and problems need to be overcome before a large-scale production of new vaccines can start. The Key is to ensure equal and fair distribution globally through regulatory measures. Recent studies link Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs and lower disease severity.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials; COVID-19 vaccines; Candidate vaccines coronaviruses; Novel coronavirus vaccines; Pandemic vaccine development; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.