tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Med (Lond)
. 2020 Jun 9;clinmed.2020-0213.
doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0213. Online ahead of print.
Guillain-Barr? Syndrome Associated With Leptomeningeal Enhancement Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Agust?n Sancho-Salda?a[SUP] 1 [/SUP], ?lvaro Lambea-Gil[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jose Luis Capablo Liesa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria Rosario Barrena Caballo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria Haddad Garay[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David Rivero Celada[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marta Serrano-Ponz[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) typically present with respiratory symptoms, but little is known about the disease's potential neurological complications.We report a case of Guillain-Barr? syndrome (GBS) following a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in association with leptomeningeal enhancement.
Case presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented with recent unsteadiness and paraesthesia in both hands. Fifteen days earlier, she complained of fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. Her chest X-ray showed a lobar consolidation and PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2; she was admitted due to mild COVID-19 pneumonia.In the first 48 hours of hospitalisation, she started to experience lumbar pain and weakness of the proximal lower extremities, progressing to bilateral facial nerve palsy, oropharyngeal weakness and severe proximal tetraparesis with cervical flexion 2/5 on the MRC scale. A full spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed a brainstem and cervical leptomeningeal enhancement. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed albumin-cytological dissociation. Microbiological studies on CSF, including SARS-CoV-2, were negative. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with demyelinating neuropathy. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, with significant neurological improvement noted over the next 2 weeks.
Conclusion: Leptomeningeal enhancement is an atypical feature in GBS, but could be a marker of its association with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Guillain–Barr? syndrome; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; leptomeningeal enhancement.
. 2020 Jun 9;clinmed.2020-0213.
doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0213. Online ahead of print.
Guillain-Barr? Syndrome Associated With Leptomeningeal Enhancement Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Agust?n Sancho-Salda?a[SUP] 1 [/SUP], ?lvaro Lambea-Gil[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jose Luis Capablo Liesa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria Rosario Barrena Caballo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria Haddad Garay[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David Rivero Celada[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marta Serrano-Ponz[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32518103
- DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0213
Abstract
Introduction: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) typically present with respiratory symptoms, but little is known about the disease's potential neurological complications.We report a case of Guillain-Barr? syndrome (GBS) following a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in association with leptomeningeal enhancement.
Case presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented with recent unsteadiness and paraesthesia in both hands. Fifteen days earlier, she complained of fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. Her chest X-ray showed a lobar consolidation and PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2; she was admitted due to mild COVID-19 pneumonia.In the first 48 hours of hospitalisation, she started to experience lumbar pain and weakness of the proximal lower extremities, progressing to bilateral facial nerve palsy, oropharyngeal weakness and severe proximal tetraparesis with cervical flexion 2/5 on the MRC scale. A full spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed a brainstem and cervical leptomeningeal enhancement. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed albumin-cytological dissociation. Microbiological studies on CSF, including SARS-CoV-2, were negative. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with demyelinating neuropathy. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, with significant neurological improvement noted over the next 2 weeks.
Conclusion: Leptomeningeal enhancement is an atypical feature in GBS, but could be a marker of its association with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Guillain–Barr? syndrome; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; leptomeningeal enhancement.