tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis. 2015 Jan 14. pii: jiv015. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Effect of Immunosuppression on Th2 and B-cell Responses to Influenza Vaccination.[/h] Egli A[SUP]1[/SUP], Humar A[SUP]2[/SUP], Widmer LA[SUP]3[/SUP], Lisboa LF[SUP]4[/SUP], Santer DM[SUP]4[/SUP], Mueller T[SUP]5[/SUP], Stelling J[SUP]3[/SUP], Baluch A[SUP]6[/SUP], O'Shea D[SUP]4[/SUP], Houghton M[SUP]4[/SUP], Kumar D[SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Influenza vaccine immunogenicity is suboptimal in immunocompromised patients. However, there are limited data on the interplay of T- and B- cell responses to vaccination with simultaneous immunosuppression.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from transplant recipients pre and one-month post seasonal influenza vaccination. Pre- and post-vaccination, H1N1-specific T- and B-cell activation were quantified using flow cytometry. We further developed a mathematical model using T- and B-cell markers, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) dosage.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In the 47 patients analyzed, seroconversion to H1N1-antigen was 34%. H1N1-specific IL-4-producing CD4+ T-cell frequencies significantly increased after vaccination in 53% of the patients. Pre-vaccination expression of H1N1-induced HLA-DR and CD86 on B-cells was high in patients that seroconverted. Seroconversion against H1N1 was strongly associated with HLA-DR-expression on B-cells, which was dependent on the increase of H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells pre-to-post vaccine (R[SUP]2[/SUP]=0.35). High doses of MMF ≥2g/d led to lower seroconversion rates, lower increase of H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells and reduced HLA-DR-expression on B-cells. The mathematical model incorporating a MMF-inhibited positive feedback loop between H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells and HLA-DR-expression on B-cells captured seroconversion with high specificity.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Seroconversion is associated with influenza-specific Th2 and B-cell activation and appears to be modulated by MMF.
? The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 25589334 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25589334
[h=1]Effect of Immunosuppression on Th2 and B-cell Responses to Influenza Vaccination.[/h] Egli A[SUP]1[/SUP], Humar A[SUP]2[/SUP], Widmer LA[SUP]3[/SUP], Lisboa LF[SUP]4[/SUP], Santer DM[SUP]4[/SUP], Mueller T[SUP]5[/SUP], Stelling J[SUP]3[/SUP], Baluch A[SUP]6[/SUP], O'Shea D[SUP]4[/SUP], Houghton M[SUP]4[/SUP], Kumar D[SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Influenza vaccine immunogenicity is suboptimal in immunocompromised patients. However, there are limited data on the interplay of T- and B- cell responses to vaccination with simultaneous immunosuppression.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] We collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from transplant recipients pre and one-month post seasonal influenza vaccination. Pre- and post-vaccination, H1N1-specific T- and B-cell activation were quantified using flow cytometry. We further developed a mathematical model using T- and B-cell markers, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) dosage.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In the 47 patients analyzed, seroconversion to H1N1-antigen was 34%. H1N1-specific IL-4-producing CD4+ T-cell frequencies significantly increased after vaccination in 53% of the patients. Pre-vaccination expression of H1N1-induced HLA-DR and CD86 on B-cells was high in patients that seroconverted. Seroconversion against H1N1 was strongly associated with HLA-DR-expression on B-cells, which was dependent on the increase of H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells pre-to-post vaccine (R[SUP]2[/SUP]=0.35). High doses of MMF ≥2g/d led to lower seroconversion rates, lower increase of H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells and reduced HLA-DR-expression on B-cells. The mathematical model incorporating a MMF-inhibited positive feedback loop between H1N1-specific IL-4+CD4+ T-cells and HLA-DR-expression on B-cells captured seroconversion with high specificity.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Seroconversion is associated with influenza-specific Th2 and B-cell activation and appears to be modulated by MMF.
? The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PMID: 25589334 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25589334