tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine. 2015 Nov 14. pii: S0264-410X(15)01615-1. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.010. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine and inactivated influenza vaccine in children 2-17 years of age in 2013-2014 in the United States.[/h] Caspard H[SUP]1[/SUP], Gaglani M[SUP]2[/SUP], Clipper L[SUP]3[/SUP], Belongia EA[SUP]4[/SUP], McLean HQ[SUP]5[/SUP], Griffin MR[SUP]6[/SUP], Talbot HK[SUP]7[/SUP], Poehling KA[SUP]8[/SUP], Peters TR[SUP]9[/SUP], Veney N[SUP]10[/SUP], Ambrose CS[SUP]11[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] A postmarketing observational study was initiated to evaluate quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) effectiveness in children aged 2-17 years in the United States.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Children and adolescents aged 2-17 years seeking outpatient care for febrile acute respiratory illness <5 days duration were enrolled at 4 geographically diverse sites during the 2013-2014 influenza season. Nasal swabs were tested for influenza using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vaccination status was documented from medical records or immunization registries. Children who received ≥1 dose of influenza vaccine ≥14 days before study visit were considered vaccinated. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated as 100?(1-adjusted odds ratio), where the odds of interest are the odds of vaccine exposure among influenza cases and test-negative controls.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In total, 1033 children and adolescents were included in the analysis. Influenza was detected in 14% (145/1033) of all children, with 74% (108/145) of the influenza cases due to A/H1N1pdm09 strains, 21% (31) to influenza B, and 4% (6) to influenza H3N2. LAIV did not show significant effectiveness against A/H1N1pdm09 (VE 13% [95% CI: -55 to 51]) but was effective against B/Yamagata strains (82% [95% CI: 12-96]). Inactivated influenza vaccine was effective against A/H1N1pdm09 (74% [95% CI: 50-86]) and B/Yamagata (70% [95% CI: 18-89]).
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] LAIV provided significant protection against B/Yamagata influenza but not against A/H1N1pdm09 in children aged 2-17 years in 2013-2014, resulting in a proposed change of the 2015-2016 formulation with a new and more heat-stable A/H1N1pdm09 LAIV strain.
Copyright ? 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] LAIV; Pediatrics; Quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine
PMID: 26589519 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine and inactivated influenza vaccine in children 2-17 years of age in 2013-2014 in the United States.[/h] Caspard H[SUP]1[/SUP], Gaglani M[SUP]2[/SUP], Clipper L[SUP]3[/SUP], Belongia EA[SUP]4[/SUP], McLean HQ[SUP]5[/SUP], Griffin MR[SUP]6[/SUP], Talbot HK[SUP]7[/SUP], Poehling KA[SUP]8[/SUP], Peters TR[SUP]9[/SUP], Veney N[SUP]10[/SUP], Ambrose CS[SUP]11[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] A postmarketing observational study was initiated to evaluate quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) effectiveness in children aged 2-17 years in the United States.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Children and adolescents aged 2-17 years seeking outpatient care for febrile acute respiratory illness <5 days duration were enrolled at 4 geographically diverse sites during the 2013-2014 influenza season. Nasal swabs were tested for influenza using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vaccination status was documented from medical records or immunization registries. Children who received ≥1 dose of influenza vaccine ≥14 days before study visit were considered vaccinated. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated as 100?(1-adjusted odds ratio), where the odds of interest are the odds of vaccine exposure among influenza cases and test-negative controls.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] In total, 1033 children and adolescents were included in the analysis. Influenza was detected in 14% (145/1033) of all children, with 74% (108/145) of the influenza cases due to A/H1N1pdm09 strains, 21% (31) to influenza B, and 4% (6) to influenza H3N2. LAIV did not show significant effectiveness against A/H1N1pdm09 (VE 13% [95% CI: -55 to 51]) but was effective against B/Yamagata strains (82% [95% CI: 12-96]). Inactivated influenza vaccine was effective against A/H1N1pdm09 (74% [95% CI: 50-86]) and B/Yamagata (70% [95% CI: 18-89]).
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] LAIV provided significant protection against B/Yamagata influenza but not against A/H1N1pdm09 in children aged 2-17 years in 2013-2014, resulting in a proposed change of the 2015-2016 formulation with a new and more heat-stable A/H1N1pdm09 LAIV strain.
Copyright ? 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] LAIV; Pediatrics; Quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine
PMID: 26589519 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]