tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Samuel B. Graitcera, E-mail the corresponding author,
Nancy L. Dubeb, E-mail the corresponding author,
Ricardo Basurto-Davilac, d, E-mail the corresponding author,
Peter F. Smithe, E-mail the corresponding author,
Jill Ferdinandsc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Mark Thompsonc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Amra Uzicaninf, E-mail the corresponding author,
Paul Gargiulloc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Sandra S. Chavesc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Sara Robinsone, E-mail the corresponding author,
Stephen Searse, E-mail the corresponding author,
Meredith Tiptong, E-mail the corresponding author,
Arnold S. Montoh, E-mail the corresponding author,
Dora Millse, 1, E-mail the corresponding author,
David K. Shayc, Corresponding author contact information, E-mail the corresponding author
a Epidemic Intelligence Service, Assigned to Influenza Division (Now with Immunization Services Division), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop A-19, Atlanta, GA, United States
b Maine Department of Education, Augusta, ME, United States
c Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States
d Los Angeles County, Department of Public Health, 241 N. Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, CA 90012, United States
e Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 286 Water Street, State House Station 11, Augusta, ME 04333, United States
f Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States
g Tipton Enterprises Inc., 21 Ship Channel Road, South Portland, ME 04106, United States
h University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
Received 21 November 2011. Revised 14 April 2012. Accepted 5 May 2012. Available online 17 May 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.008, How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Abstract
The overall and indirect effects of immunizing school children with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic virus vaccine prior to and during the peak of virus circulation were evaluated on student and teacher school absenteeism. We used records collected from late 2009 through early 2010 from schools in four Maine counties. Mixed logistic regression models were used to estimate the daily association between school-level immunization coverage and absenteeism by level of influenza activity, after adjusting for the proportion of students receiving reduced-cost lunches, student minority status, absences adjacent to weekends and Thanksgiving, rural school location, and the circulation of other respiratory viruses. Increasing student immunization coverage was associated with reduced absenteeism during periods of high influenza activity. For example, as immunization coverage during the peak week of pandemic virus circulation increased from 38% to 69% (the 10th and 90th percentiles of observed coverage, respectively), relative reductions in daily absenteeism among all students, unimmunized students, and teachers were 8.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5, 9.9), 5.7% (95% CI: 4.2, 7.3), and 8.7% (95% CI: 1.3, 16), respectively. Increased vaccination coverage among school-aged Maine children had modest overall and indirect effects on student and teacher absenteeism, despite vaccination occurring just prior and during peak pandemic virus circulation.
Highlights
► We assessed the effects of immunizing school children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine on absenteeism. ► We estimated the daily association between school absenteeism and student immunization coverage. ► Increasing student vaccine coverage was associated with reduced absenteeism during periods of high influenza activity. ► Immunization of Maine school children had modest overall and indirect effects on all-cause absenteeism.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12006810
Nancy L. Dubeb, E-mail the corresponding author,
Ricardo Basurto-Davilac, d, E-mail the corresponding author,
Peter F. Smithe, E-mail the corresponding author,
Jill Ferdinandsc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Mark Thompsonc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Amra Uzicaninf, E-mail the corresponding author,
Paul Gargiulloc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Sandra S. Chavesc, E-mail the corresponding author,
Sara Robinsone, E-mail the corresponding author,
Stephen Searse, E-mail the corresponding author,
Meredith Tiptong, E-mail the corresponding author,
Arnold S. Montoh, E-mail the corresponding author,
Dora Millse, 1, E-mail the corresponding author,
David K. Shayc, Corresponding author contact information, E-mail the corresponding author
a Epidemic Intelligence Service, Assigned to Influenza Division (Now with Immunization Services Division), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop A-19, Atlanta, GA, United States
b Maine Department of Education, Augusta, ME, United States
c Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States
d Los Angeles County, Department of Public Health, 241 N. Figueroa Street, Los Angeles, CA 90012, United States
e Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 286 Water Street, State House Station 11, Augusta, ME 04333, United States
f Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States
g Tipton Enterprises Inc., 21 Ship Channel Road, South Portland, ME 04106, United States
h University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
Received 21 November 2011. Revised 14 April 2012. Accepted 5 May 2012. Available online 17 May 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.008, How to Cite or Link Using DOI
Abstract
The overall and indirect effects of immunizing school children with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic virus vaccine prior to and during the peak of virus circulation were evaluated on student and teacher school absenteeism. We used records collected from late 2009 through early 2010 from schools in four Maine counties. Mixed logistic regression models were used to estimate the daily association between school-level immunization coverage and absenteeism by level of influenza activity, after adjusting for the proportion of students receiving reduced-cost lunches, student minority status, absences adjacent to weekends and Thanksgiving, rural school location, and the circulation of other respiratory viruses. Increasing student immunization coverage was associated with reduced absenteeism during periods of high influenza activity. For example, as immunization coverage during the peak week of pandemic virus circulation increased from 38% to 69% (the 10th and 90th percentiles of observed coverage, respectively), relative reductions in daily absenteeism among all students, unimmunized students, and teachers were 8.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5, 9.9), 5.7% (95% CI: 4.2, 7.3), and 8.7% (95% CI: 1.3, 16), respectively. Increased vaccination coverage among school-aged Maine children had modest overall and indirect effects on student and teacher absenteeism, despite vaccination occurring just prior and during peak pandemic virus circulation.
Highlights
► We assessed the effects of immunizing school children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine on absenteeism. ► We estimated the daily association between school absenteeism and student immunization coverage. ► Increasing student vaccine coverage was associated with reduced absenteeism during periods of high influenza activity. ► Immunization of Maine school children had modest overall and indirect effects on all-cause absenteeism.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X12006810