tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Infect Dis
. 2024;30(14):53-61.
doi: 10.3201/eid3014.240231.
Using SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Data to Identify Reinfection Cases in the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program, United States
Deanna Muehleman, Bill Gruner, Vivian Hogan, Padraic Fanning, Carol Garrett, Jennifer Meyer, Kelsey Lanter, Sarah Purves, Laurie DeMarcus, Jeffrey Thervil, Bismark Kwaah, Paul Sjoberg, Elizabeth Macias, Anthony Fries
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines SARS-CoV-2 reinfection as a positive COVID-19 test result >90 days after the collection date for the initial positive test or if sequencing confirms a different lineage is causing the reinfection. Reinfection dynamics have been examined by using PCR or antigen surveillance data. We identified patients in the US Military Health System who had >1 positive SARS-CoV-2 test during March 2020-July 2022 by using whole-genome sequencing data to identify reinfection cases, then compared those data with patient demographics, symptoms, and vaccination status. We identified 267 reinfections, of which 90% were caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Reinfection symptom severity correlated with initial symptom severity and time since first infection. Furthermore, we found intrahost mutation rates varied greatly in 72 cases of continuing infections with the same variant. Continued investigations of reinfections caused by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is needed to maintain US military readiness.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS; SARS-CoV-2; United States; coronavirus; coronavirus disease; public health surveillance; reinfection; respiratory infections; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viruses; whole-genome sequencing; zoonoses.
. 2024;30(14):53-61.
doi: 10.3201/eid3014.240231.
Using SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Data to Identify Reinfection Cases in the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program, United States
Deanna Muehleman, Bill Gruner, Vivian Hogan, Padraic Fanning, Carol Garrett, Jennifer Meyer, Kelsey Lanter, Sarah Purves, Laurie DeMarcus, Jeffrey Thervil, Bismark Kwaah, Paul Sjoberg, Elizabeth Macias, Anthony Fries
- PMID: 39530855
- PMCID: PMC11559565
- DOI: 10.3201/eid3014.240231
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines SARS-CoV-2 reinfection as a positive COVID-19 test result >90 days after the collection date for the initial positive test or if sequencing confirms a different lineage is causing the reinfection. Reinfection dynamics have been examined by using PCR or antigen surveillance data. We identified patients in the US Military Health System who had >1 positive SARS-CoV-2 test during March 2020-July 2022 by using whole-genome sequencing data to identify reinfection cases, then compared those data with patient demographics, symptoms, and vaccination status. We identified 267 reinfections, of which 90% were caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Reinfection symptom severity correlated with initial symptom severity and time since first infection. Furthermore, we found intrahost mutation rates varied greatly in 72 cases of continuing infections with the same variant. Continued investigations of reinfections caused by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is needed to maintain US military readiness.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS; SARS-CoV-2; United States; coronavirus; coronavirus disease; public health surveillance; reinfection; respiratory infections; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viruses; whole-genome sequencing; zoonoses.