tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Microbes Infect
. 2024 Dec;13(1):2324502.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2324502. Epub 2024 Mar 11. Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater by quantitative PCR and digital PCR: a case study in Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province, China
Xiaoru Chai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shiyou Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chao Liu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jiaxuan Bai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juntao Meng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hong Tian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xu Han[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Guangyue Han[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Xiangdong Xu[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Qi Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
In this study, we reported the first long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Mainland China from November 2021 to October 2023. The city of Shijiazhuang was employed for this case study. We developed a triple reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) method using triple primer-probes for simultaneous detection of the N1 gene, E gene, and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) to achieve accurate quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. Both the RT-ddPCR method and the commercial multiplex reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method were implemented for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Shijiazhuang City over a 24-month period. Results showed that SARS-CoV-2 was detected for the first time in the wastewater of Shijiazhuang City on 10 November 2022. The peak of COVID-19 cases occurred in the middle of December 2022, when the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater was highest. The trend of virus concentration increases and decreases forming a "long-tailed" shape in the COVID-19 outbreak and recession cycle. The results indicated that both multiplex RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR are effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, but RT-ddPCR is capable of detecting low concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater which is more efficient. The SARS-CoV-2 abundance in wastewater is correlated to clinical data, outlining the public health utility of this work.HighlightsFirst long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Mainland ChinaCOVID-19 outbreak was tracked in Shijiazhuang City from outbreak to containmentWastewater was monitored simultaneously using RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR methodsTriple primer-probe RT-ddPCR detects N1 and E genes of SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV.
Keywords: COVID-19; RT-ddPCR; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; monitoring.
. 2024 Dec;13(1):2324502.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2324502. Epub 2024 Mar 11. Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater by quantitative PCR and digital PCR: a case study in Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province, China
Xiaoru Chai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shiyou Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chao Liu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jiaxuan Bai[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juntao Meng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hong Tian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xu Han[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Guangyue Han[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Xiangdong Xu[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Qi Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38465692
- PMCID: PMC10930138
- DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2324502
In this study, we reported the first long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Mainland China from November 2021 to October 2023. The city of Shijiazhuang was employed for this case study. We developed a triple reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) method using triple primer-probes for simultaneous detection of the N1 gene, E gene, and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) to achieve accurate quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. Both the RT-ddPCR method and the commercial multiplex reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method were implemented for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Shijiazhuang City over a 24-month period. Results showed that SARS-CoV-2 was detected for the first time in the wastewater of Shijiazhuang City on 10 November 2022. The peak of COVID-19 cases occurred in the middle of December 2022, when the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater was highest. The trend of virus concentration increases and decreases forming a "long-tailed" shape in the COVID-19 outbreak and recession cycle. The results indicated that both multiplex RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR are effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, but RT-ddPCR is capable of detecting low concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater which is more efficient. The SARS-CoV-2 abundance in wastewater is correlated to clinical data, outlining the public health utility of this work.HighlightsFirst long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Mainland ChinaCOVID-19 outbreak was tracked in Shijiazhuang City from outbreak to containmentWastewater was monitored simultaneously using RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR methodsTriple primer-probe RT-ddPCR detects N1 and E genes of SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV.
Keywords: COVID-19; RT-ddPCR; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; monitoring.