tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
. 2020 Sep 28.
doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10930-w. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 pandemic: environmental and social factors influencing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in S?o Paulo, Brazil
Liane Yuri Kondo Nakada[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rodrigo Custodio Urban[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 14 million people worldwide so far. Brazil is currently the second leading country in number of cases of COVID-19, while S?o Paulo state accounts for 20% of total confirmed cases in Brazil. The aim of this study was to assess environmental and social factors influencing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the expanded metropolitan area of S?o Paulo, Brazil. Firstly, a spatial analysis was conducted to provide insights into the spread of COVID-19 within the expanded metropolitan area. Moreover, Spearman correlation test and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess social indicators and environmental conditions which possibly influence the incidence of COVID-19. Our results reveal that the spread of COVID-19 from the capital city S?o Paulo-its epicenter in Brazil-is directly associated with the availability of highways within the expanded metropolitan area of S?o Paulo. As for social aspects, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be both positively correlated with population density, and negatively correlated with social isolation rate, hence indicating that social distancing has been effective in reducing the COVID-19 transmission. Finally, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be inversely correlated with both temperature and UV radiation. Together with recent literature our study suggests that the UV radiation provided by sunlight might contribute to depletion of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.
Keywords: Cumulative confirmed cases; Infection rate; Social indicators; Solar UV radiation; Spatial analysis; Temperature; Weather conditions.
. 2020 Sep 28.
doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10930-w. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 pandemic: environmental and social factors influencing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in S?o Paulo, Brazil
Liane Yuri Kondo Nakada[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rodrigo Custodio Urban[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32989697
- DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10930-w
Abstract
The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 14 million people worldwide so far. Brazil is currently the second leading country in number of cases of COVID-19, while S?o Paulo state accounts for 20% of total confirmed cases in Brazil. The aim of this study was to assess environmental and social factors influencing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the expanded metropolitan area of S?o Paulo, Brazil. Firstly, a spatial analysis was conducted to provide insights into the spread of COVID-19 within the expanded metropolitan area. Moreover, Spearman correlation test and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess social indicators and environmental conditions which possibly influence the incidence of COVID-19. Our results reveal that the spread of COVID-19 from the capital city S?o Paulo-its epicenter in Brazil-is directly associated with the availability of highways within the expanded metropolitan area of S?o Paulo. As for social aspects, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be both positively correlated with population density, and negatively correlated with social isolation rate, hence indicating that social distancing has been effective in reducing the COVID-19 transmission. Finally, COVID-19 infection rate was found to be inversely correlated with both temperature and UV radiation. Together with recent literature our study suggests that the UV radiation provided by sunlight might contribute to depletion of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.
Keywords: Cumulative confirmed cases; Infection rate; Social indicators; Solar UV radiation; Spatial analysis; Temperature; Weather conditions.