tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Epidemiol Infect
. 2021 Oct 26;149:e226.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268821002296.
Reciprocal circulation pattern of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses during the influenza seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 in the Bavarian Influenza Sentinel (Germany)
Susanne Heinzinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ute Eberle[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hildegard Angermeier[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jennifer Flechsler[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Regina Konrad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexandra Dangel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Carola Berger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annika Sprenger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sabrina Hepner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Barbara Biere[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Bernhard Liebl[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Nikolaus Ackermann[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Andreas Sing[SUP] 1 4 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread around the world. The pandemic overlapped with two consecutive influenza seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021). This provided the opportunity to study community circulation of influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in outpatients with acute respiratory infections during these two seasons within the Bavarian Influenza Sentinel (BIS) in Bavaria, Germany. From September to March, oropharyngeal swabs collected at BIS were analysed for influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In BIS 2019/2020, 1376 swabs were tested for influenza viruses. The average positive rate was 37.6%, with a maximum of over 60% (in January). The predominant influenza viruses were Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 202), Influenza A(H3N2) (n = 144) and Influenza B Victoria lineage (n = 129). In all, 610 of these BIS swabs contained sufficient material to retrospectively test for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detectable in any of these swabs. In BIS 2020/2021, 470 swabs were tested for influenza viruses and 457 for SARS-CoV-2. Only three swabs (0.6%) were positive for Influenza, while SARS-CoV-2 was found in 30 swabs (6.6%). We showed that no circulation of SARS-CoV-2 was detectable in BIS during the 2019/2020 influenza season, while virtually no influenza viruses were found in BIS 2020/2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Influenza; RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; surveillance.
. 2021 Oct 26;149:e226.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268821002296.
Reciprocal circulation pattern of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses during the influenza seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 in the Bavarian Influenza Sentinel (Germany)
Susanne Heinzinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ute Eberle[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hildegard Angermeier[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jennifer Flechsler[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Regina Konrad[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexandra Dangel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Carola Berger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annika Sprenger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sabrina Hepner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Barbara Biere[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Bernhard Liebl[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Nikolaus Ackermann[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Andreas Sing[SUP] 1 4 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35142278
- PMCID: PMC8576129
- DOI: 10.1017/S0950268821002296
Abstract
The corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread around the world. The pandemic overlapped with two consecutive influenza seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021). This provided the opportunity to study community circulation of influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in outpatients with acute respiratory infections during these two seasons within the Bavarian Influenza Sentinel (BIS) in Bavaria, Germany. From September to March, oropharyngeal swabs collected at BIS were analysed for influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In BIS 2019/2020, 1376 swabs were tested for influenza viruses. The average positive rate was 37.6%, with a maximum of over 60% (in January). The predominant influenza viruses were Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 202), Influenza A(H3N2) (n = 144) and Influenza B Victoria lineage (n = 129). In all, 610 of these BIS swabs contained sufficient material to retrospectively test for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detectable in any of these swabs. In BIS 2020/2021, 470 swabs were tested for influenza viruses and 457 for SARS-CoV-2. Only three swabs (0.6%) were positive for Influenza, while SARS-CoV-2 was found in 30 swabs (6.6%). We showed that no circulation of SARS-CoV-2 was detectable in BIS during the 2019/2020 influenza season, while virtually no influenza viruses were found in BIS 2020/2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Influenza; RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; surveillance.