tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Eur J Public Health
. 2021 May 17;ckab085.
doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab085. Online ahead of print.
Multiple House Occupancy is Associated with Mortality in Hospitalised Patients with Covid-19
Eilidh Bruce[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ben Carter[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Terence J Quinn[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessia Verduri[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Oliver Pearson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arturo Vilches-Moraga[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Angeline Price[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Aine McGovern[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Louis Evans[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kathryn McCarthy[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Jonathan Hewitt[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Susan Moug[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Phyo K Myint[SUP] 1 11 [/SUP], Behalf Of Cope Study Team, Alice Einarsson, Anna Fleck, Carly Bisset, Ross Alexander, Giovanni Guaraldi, Caroline Murphy, Joanna Kelly, Roxanna Short, Philip Braude, Tarik El Jichi Mutasem, Sandeep Singh, Dolcie Paxton, Will Harris, James Hesford, Mark Holloway, Emma Mitchell, Frances Rickard, Norman Galbraith, Emma Bhatti, Jenny Edwards, Siobhan Duffy, Fenella Barlow-Pay, Lyndsey Pearce, Madeline Garcia, Shefali Sangani, Thomas Kneen, Thomas Lee, Charlotte Davey, Sheila Jones, Kiah Lunstone, Alice Cavenagh, Charlotte Silver, Thomas Telford, Rebecca Simmons, Michael Stechman
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries mandated staying at home to reduce transmission. This study examined the association between living arrangements (house occupancy numbers) and outcomes in COVID-19.
Methods: Study population was drawn from the COPE Study, a multicentre cohort study. House occupancy was defined as: living alone; living with one other person; living with multiple other people; or living in a nursing/residential home. Outcomes were time from admission to mortality and discharge (Cox regression), and Day-28 mortality (logistic regression), analyses were adjusted for key comorbidities and covariates including admission: age; sex, smoking; heart failure; admission CRP; COPD; eGFR, frailty and others.
Results: 1584 patients were included from 13 hospitals across UK and Italy: 676 (42.7%) were female, 907 (57.3%) were male, median age was 74 years (range: 19-101). At 28 days, 502 (31.7%) had died. Median admission CRP was 67, 82, 79.5 and 83mg/L for those living alone, with someone else, in a house of multiple occupancy and in a nursing/residential home, respectively. Compared to living alone, living with anyone was associated with increased mortality: within a couple (aHR 1.39, 95%CI 1.09-1.77, p = 0.007); living in a house of multiple occupancy (aHR=1.67, 95%CI 1.17-2.38, p = 0.005); and living in a residential home (aHR=1.36, 95%CI 1.03-1.80, p = 0.031).
Conclusion: For patients hospitalised with COVID-19, those living with one or more people had an increased association with mortality, they also exhibited higher CRP indicating increased disease severity suggesting they delayed seeking care.
Keywords: Coronavirus; Covid-19; Multiple House occupancy.
. 2021 May 17;ckab085.
doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab085. Online ahead of print.
Multiple House Occupancy is Associated with Mortality in Hospitalised Patients with Covid-19
Eilidh Bruce[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ben Carter[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Terence J Quinn[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessia Verduri[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Oliver Pearson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arturo Vilches-Moraga[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Angeline Price[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Aine McGovern[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Louis Evans[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kathryn McCarthy[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Jonathan Hewitt[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Susan Moug[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Phyo K Myint[SUP] 1 11 [/SUP], Behalf Of Cope Study Team, Alice Einarsson, Anna Fleck, Carly Bisset, Ross Alexander, Giovanni Guaraldi, Caroline Murphy, Joanna Kelly, Roxanna Short, Philip Braude, Tarik El Jichi Mutasem, Sandeep Singh, Dolcie Paxton, Will Harris, James Hesford, Mark Holloway, Emma Mitchell, Frances Rickard, Norman Galbraith, Emma Bhatti, Jenny Edwards, Siobhan Duffy, Fenella Barlow-Pay, Lyndsey Pearce, Madeline Garcia, Shefali Sangani, Thomas Kneen, Thomas Lee, Charlotte Davey, Sheila Jones, Kiah Lunstone, Alice Cavenagh, Charlotte Silver, Thomas Telford, Rebecca Simmons, Michael Stechman
Affiliations
- PMID: 33999142
- DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab085
Abstract
Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries mandated staying at home to reduce transmission. This study examined the association between living arrangements (house occupancy numbers) and outcomes in COVID-19.
Methods: Study population was drawn from the COPE Study, a multicentre cohort study. House occupancy was defined as: living alone; living with one other person; living with multiple other people; or living in a nursing/residential home. Outcomes were time from admission to mortality and discharge (Cox regression), and Day-28 mortality (logistic regression), analyses were adjusted for key comorbidities and covariates including admission: age; sex, smoking; heart failure; admission CRP; COPD; eGFR, frailty and others.
Results: 1584 patients were included from 13 hospitals across UK and Italy: 676 (42.7%) were female, 907 (57.3%) were male, median age was 74 years (range: 19-101). At 28 days, 502 (31.7%) had died. Median admission CRP was 67, 82, 79.5 and 83mg/L for those living alone, with someone else, in a house of multiple occupancy and in a nursing/residential home, respectively. Compared to living alone, living with anyone was associated with increased mortality: within a couple (aHR 1.39, 95%CI 1.09-1.77, p = 0.007); living in a house of multiple occupancy (aHR=1.67, 95%CI 1.17-2.38, p = 0.005); and living in a residential home (aHR=1.36, 95%CI 1.03-1.80, p = 0.031).
Conclusion: For patients hospitalised with COVID-19, those living with one or more people had an increased association with mortality, they also exhibited higher CRP indicating increased disease severity suggesting they delayed seeking care.
Keywords: Coronavirus; Covid-19; Multiple House occupancy.