tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab
. 2021 Nov 15;1-19.
doi: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2002145. Online ahead of print.
Diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: review of a lethal interaction from the cellular and molecular level to the bedside
Tahsin Ali Kazem[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fatemeh Zeylabi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ahmed Filayih Hassan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Pouria Paridar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Seyedeh Pardis Pezeshki[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Pezeshki[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: While the main mode of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is close contact with other individuals, the presence of chronic underlying diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM) increases the chance of hospitalization and mortality rate due to infection.
Areas covered: To investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection in DM patients, we reviewed literature from Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database from '2013 to 2020' using the terms "COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Diabetes mellitus; obesity; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; ACE2; Insulin and Metformin. Evidence suggests that COVID-19 exacerbates the course of diabetes. Presence of pro-inflammatory conditions, increased expression of receptors, and more difficult control of glucose levels in diabetics COVID-19 patients are some of the problems that diabetic patients may face. Also, psychological problems caused by the COVID-19 epidemic in diabetic patients is one of the most important problems in these patients, which is less covered.
Expert opinion: DM is a strong and independent risk factor with a poor prognosis, which increases the risk of COVID-19 infection, the need for emergency services, the rate of hospitalization in the intensive care unit and also increases the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: ACE2; COVID-19; Insulin and Metformin; SARS-CoV-2; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; diabetes mellitus; obesity.
. 2021 Nov 15;1-19.
doi: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2002145. Online ahead of print.
Diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: review of a lethal interaction from the cellular and molecular level to the bedside
Tahsin Ali Kazem[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fatemeh Zeylabi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ahmed Filayih Hassan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Pouria Paridar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Seyedeh Pardis Pezeshki[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Pezeshki[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34781797
- DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2002145
Abstract
Introduction: While the main mode of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is close contact with other individuals, the presence of chronic underlying diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM) increases the chance of hospitalization and mortality rate due to infection.
Areas covered: To investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection in DM patients, we reviewed literature from Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database from '2013 to 2020' using the terms "COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Diabetes mellitus; obesity; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; ACE2; Insulin and Metformin. Evidence suggests that COVID-19 exacerbates the course of diabetes. Presence of pro-inflammatory conditions, increased expression of receptors, and more difficult control of glucose levels in diabetics COVID-19 patients are some of the problems that diabetic patients may face. Also, psychological problems caused by the COVID-19 epidemic in diabetic patients is one of the most important problems in these patients, which is less covered.
Expert opinion: DM is a strong and independent risk factor with a poor prognosis, which increases the risk of COVID-19 infection, the need for emergency services, the rate of hospitalization in the intensive care unit and also increases the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: ACE2; COVID-19; Insulin and Metformin; SARS-CoV-2; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; diabetes mellitus; obesity.