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From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

The World from Berlin: 'Panic Can Spread More Quickly Than Swine Flu' - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International

'Panic Can Spread More Quickly Than Swine Flu'

With the first case of swine flu confirmed in Europe, the world is gripped by fear of a global pandemic. German newspapers on Monday examine the measures taken to contain the disease and some warn against the spread of panic.


With more than 100 people dead in Mexico and almost 30 infected in the US and Canada, the threat of a flu pandemic is gripping the world. Although there had been hopes that the emergency could be contained to the North American continent, Europe saw its first confirmed case on Monday.

The Spanish Health Ministry announced that one case of swine flu had been confirmed, and that tests were continuing on whether another 20 sick people are infected with the strain of swine flu that has mutated to spread between humans. Health Minister Trinidad Jimenez told a press conference that the confirmed case was a young man who had recently been in Mexico and that he was responding well to treatment.

"They are all stable, none of the cases is grave, not even that of the case confirmed (as swine flu)," Jimenez said. "These are people who have recently been on trips to Mexico," she said, adding that Spain had sufficient doses stored of anti-viral medicine.

In Scotland, two people who returned from Mexico last week with flu-like symptoms are still being assessed in hospital and their test results are due later on Monday.

Faced with the likelihood that swine flu is about to hit their shores, European Union foreign ministers met in Luxembourg on Monday to discuss a possible outbreak. EU Health Commissioner Androulla Vassilious briefed the 27 ministers on what the bloc could do to prevent the flu spreading. "There needs to be maximum European coordination," British Foreign Secretary David Miliband told reporters ahead of the meeting. "It's important that we ? provide a clear set of running actions that can provide a degree of assurance and coordination that people need, that is something we are determined to do."

The head of the prestigious Berlin-based Robert Koch Institute, J?rg Hacker, has said that one cannot rule out this strain of the swine flu spreading to Germany. He told the Neue Presse newspaper that the H1N1 virus had all the properties required for a global pandemic. However, he warned people not to panic and said that Germany was well prepared for such an eventuality.

On Monday, a spokesman for the German Health Ministry said that the German public was not in direct danger. However, the first measures are being taken to halt the spread of the disease, including the distribution of flyers in airports and to doctors with information about the virus.

On Monday German papers examine the measures being taken to avert a global pandemic and most are agreed that panic-mongering must be avoided.

The conservative Die Welt writes:
"The experts don't know yet how dangerous Mexico's new swine flu is. And if they eventually find out that this virus is actually as dangerous as the Spanish Flu, then it will already be too late to take the necessary preventative steps. That is the dilemma that this perfidious virus forces upon us. If all flights to Mexico are now cancelled and drastic quarantine measures are imposed, then there could be accusations of disproportionality if -- and this is a possibility -- the virus proves not to be so rampant. But if it is, and one fails to stop it while it is still confined to a few regions, then the authorities will have to hear later how they underestimated the danger."

"The WHO has already used dramatic words and has made it clear that the new virus has the potential to turn into a pandemic. This, however, stands in marked contrast to the measures that have been suggested so far."

The business daily Handelsblatt writes:
"There seems to be no clarity about how fast the new virus could spread around the world and how great the danger is that people could die from the disease. The spread of the disease among pigs can be avoiding using a vaccine, however there is no such vaccine for humans. It could take three to six months to develop one. Nevertheless there are indications that new flu medication such as Tamiflu can be used to treat the swine flu. So the huge financial cost of stock-piling such medicines out of fear of the bird flu may have been worth it."

"Now it is a question of imposing security measures, for example at airports, in order to prevent the dispersion of the virus and pushing for Mexico and the US to prevent the disease spreading further. There is no reason to react with the same kind of panic of two years ago."

The center-right Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung writes:
"The genetic variation that has spread in Mexico and the United States has alarmed pandemic experts. Even though, at least in the US, the cases of infection have often been mild or have even already been cured. ? What is striking about the virus is that it is above all young and healthy people who are getting sick, something that differs from the normal flu which usually affects those with weak immune systems such as old people and children -- a parallel to the devastating Spanish Flu of almost a hundred years ago. What this says about the Mexican flu's potential for a pandemic will only become clear in the next few days."

The left-leaning Die Tageszeitung writes:
"The traditional media and the Internet are updating the numbers of victims and people infected by the minute, they are showing pictures of people suffering in hospital and giving situation reports from the affected regions. One has to be careful not to panic in the face of the flood of information."
"If one surfs on Twitter a bit too long, one would get the unavoidable urge to run out to the nearest pharmacy and buy some Tamiflu together with a surgical mask."
"Of course it is wonderful how quickly information can be communicated these days. The problem lies in evaluating that information. The media or individuals publishing on the Internet can make mistakes, panic themselves, and infect other people. And this spreads much more quickly than the swine flu."
"There is little left over from the last pandemic candidate, bird flu, apart from a lot of fear. Naturally caution is required for every epidemic, including swine flu. However, panic is never the right antidote."

-- Siobh?n Dowling, 12:50 p.m. CET
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<cite cite="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,621328,00.html">The World from Berlin: 'Panic Can Spread More Quickly Than Swine Flu' - SPIEGEL ONLINE - News - International</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Reuters AlertNet - WHO revises scale for pandemic alerts

WHO revises scale for pandemic alerts

27 Apr 2009 19:39:19 GMT
Source: Reuters
GENEVA, April 27 (Reuters) -

The World Health Organisation (WHO) revised on Monday its 6-point scale for pandemic alerts, saying that phase 5 would correspond to a strong signal that a pandemic is "imminent".


The revised scale was published ahead of a decision by an advisory body of experts on whether to raise the alert level from the current level of 3.

In a report posted on its website, the WHO said that under the new criteria:

* Phase 4 is characterised by human-to-human spread of a new virus able to cause community-level outbreaks

* Phase 5 is characterised by human-to-human spread of the virus into at least two countries in one region

* Phase 6 is a global pandemic characterised by widespread outbreaks in more than one region.

"While most countries will not be affected at this stage, the declaration of phase 5 is a strong signal that a pandemic is imminent and that the time to finalise the organisation, communication and implementation of the planned mitigation measures is short," it said.

(For more Reuters stories on swine flu, click on [nFLU])
(For more Reuters swine flu coverage, please click here: http://www.reuters.com/news/globalcoverage/swineflu )
For WHO information on swine flu, go to: http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/index.html )
(Reporting by Stephanie Nebehay and Jonathan Lynn)
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LR643862.htm">Reuters AlertNet - WHO revises scale for pandemic alerts</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Reuters AlertNet - Current vaccines will not stop swine flu-experts

Current vaccines will not stop swine flu-experts

27 Apr 2009 19:51:42 GMT
Source: Reuters
By Michael Kahn
LONDON, April 27 (Reuters) -

Current flu vaccines will not stop a deadly virus spreading around the world but people who have had their annual shots may end up with milder symptoms, vaccine specialists said on Monday.


The flu virus has killed as many as 149 people in Mexico and has spread into the United States, Canada and Europe, prompting fears the new strain could mark the start of a pandemic.

So-called swine flu is a variant of the H1N1 form of the human influenza virus. Mutations of this strain have been circulating in the human population for years and the current seasonal flu vaccine is designed to protect against H1N1.

But tests show the H1N1 component of the current seasonal flu vaccine does not protect against the new strain although the jabs may still offer some benefit, experts say.


"There may well be some immunity to H1N1 at the population level that will provide a degree of protection," said Dr. John McConnell, editor of the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases.

While the virus has so far has killed no one outside Mexico, it spreads quickly between humans which makes health officials fear it could cause the flu pandemic that scientists say is long overdue.

Experts agree the process for making vaccines is clumsy and outdated, but new and more efficient technologies are still a few years away.

At least 20 companies make flu vaccines including Sanofi Pasteur <sasy.pa>, Australia's CSL Ltd <csl.ax>, GlaxoSmithKline Plc <gsk.l>, Novartis AG <novn.vx>, Baxter <bax.n> and nasal spray maker MedImmune, acquired by AstraZeneca Plc <azn.l>.

"Clearly if this virus evolves into a pandemic, the first wave will come and go before a vaccine can be produced," Karl Nicholson, a vaccine expert at Leicester University in Britain said in a telephone interview.

"There has been this realisation we can't make a vaccine in time so we should be priming populations."

Another problem is many people do not get yearly flu vaccines because they live in poor countries or do not see it as a priority.

U.S. health officials recoommend that 261 million Americans -- 85 percent of the population -- should be vaccinated against flu but a RAND Corp. study in December showed only about a third of those who should have did get the vaccine.

Other experts noted that because swine flu is only partly related to human strains, vaccines already in use will not be effective in producing antibodies that provide protection.

But there may be some benefit when it comes to white blood cells, which can shorten the period of infection, Ian Jones, a researcher at the University of Reading said.

"The most likely result is that a current vaccination would not stop you from being infected but might reduce the severity of the symptoms," he said.

(Reporting by Michael Kahn; Editing by Maggie Fox and Robert Woodward)
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</azn.l></bax.n></novn.vx></gsk.l></csl.ax></sasy.pa>​
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LR363110.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Current vaccines will not stop swine flu-experts</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Assessing the Danger of New Strain of Swine Flu - NYTimes.com
Assessing the Danger of New Flu

By KEITH BRADSHER
Published: April 27, 2009

Sorting through the “marquee flus” of recent years — SARS, avian flu and now swine flu — is complicated.

The three come from different viruses and carry different kinds of danger, depending on ease of transmission and virulence. As a benchmark, the deadliest influenza pandemic in the past century, the Spanish influenza of 1918 to 1919, had an estimated mortality rate of around 2.5 percent but killed tens of millions of people because it spread so widely.

The new swine flu cases are caused by an influenza strain called H1N1, which appears to be easily passed from person to person. Mexican health authorities have confirmed 149 deaths from that flu and are investigating the illnesses of 1,600 people, and the United States, Canada, Spain and other countries have confirmed or are investigating cases.

But doctors have little information yet on the mortality rate, as there is no reliable data on the total number of people infected. Reports from the United States suggest that some cases may be mild and therefore may go undetected — allowing the disease to spread further. Flu experts are trying to determine if this year’s flu shots, which contain H1N1 strain, offer any protection.

In contrast, the lethal avian flu that has kept world health authorities anxious for years is caused by H5N1 influenza virus. It has killed 257 of the 421 people who have contracted it, or 61 percent. But it has shown very little ability to pass from person to person, mainly infecting poultry, and some experts have suggested that there may be something about the H5N1 virus that makes it inherently less transmissible among people.

SARS — severe acute respiratory syndrome — is both easily spread and virulent. In the 2003 outbreak in Hong Kong, it killed 299 of the 1,755 people it infected there, or 17 percent.

The lessons learned from SARS did not gone to waste in Hong Kong. While Mexico struggles to confirm cases of swine flu and sends samples to the United States, Hong Kong is already performing swift genetic tests on patient samples and will have laboratories doing so at six local hospitals by Thursday. Tens of thousands of doctors and nurses, including retirees and those with medical training who have moved to other occupations, are tracked on databases and ready to be mobilized.

Contingency plans are ready to keep public transport, electricity, food supplies, telecommunications and other vital services running even if large numbers of people fall ill. And at a time when many hospitals in the United States are already at full capacity and keep few extra beds in reserve, Hong Kong has 1,400 beds in respiratory isolation units, mostly built over the past six years for fear that bird flu or SARS would become a serious problem, and 15 times as many beds as the territory needs on an everyday basis.

For a population of seven million people, Hong Kong has stockpiled 20 million treatment courses of Tamiflu, a medicine to which the new swine flu virus has not yet developed resistance. Hong Kong also has Asia’s best-known flu specialists and extensive research labs that were expanded in response to fears of SARS or a long-feared pandemic of bird flu, which is caused by a different influenza virus from swine flu.

Government lawyers are also moving quickly, carrying out all the procedures on Monday to make swine flu a disease for which health professionals are required by law to notify the authorities of any suspected case. The Hong Kong government also has broad and detailed legal powers to quarantine possible cases and suspend a range of civil liberties in order to track down anyone who has been in contact with a carrier of a communicable disease; many other countries, including the United States, are still debating how to handle legal issues during a possible pandemic.

SARS “gave us a lot of valuable insights and practical experience in managing a large outbreak,” said Gabriel Matthew Leung, Hong Kong’s under secretary for food and health.

Hong Kong is unusually vulnerable to flu. World Health Organization officials describe Hong Kong and its labs as their sentry for flu in Asia, because the territory’s tests may uncover infected people arriving from other places that are either unequipped to identify influenza or have a habit of keeping medical problems a secret.

Still, in a measure of the terror that SARS has left, the territory’s stock market suffered some of the heaviest losses in Asia on Monday on swine flu fears. The Hang Seng Index fell 2.74 percent. Shares of Cathay Pacific, the dominant airline here, dropped 8 percent and shares of mainland China’s Air China fell 12.8 percent on fears that many passengers will stop flying.
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Assessing the Danger of New Strain of Swine Flu - NYTimes.com
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Families of Mexico's swine flu sufferers hold vigils for loved ones - Telegraph
Families of Mexico's swine flu sufferers hold vigils for loved ones

Families of swine flu sufferers held emotional vigils for their loved ones outside clinics in Mexico City as hundreds more people were hospitalised with the virus and the death toll continued to rise - with many young, usually healthy people falling victim to the disease.


By Ioan Grillo in Mexico City
Last Updated: 9:05PM BST 27 Apr 2009

Praying and crying on the street outside the capital's National Institute Of Respiratory Illnesses, sisters, parents and uncles of one sufferer – 30-year old Tomas Beltrones - said they were astounded how this disease had hit such a healthy young man.

"My big brother was always so strong, the real heart of the family," said sister Mariana Beltrones, 28, tears wetting her eyes. "I just hate to see him in this state, suffering so much." Related Articles

An accountant and marathon runner, Tomas Beltrones had fallen sick eight days earlier, getting a sudden soaring temperature and bursting headache, the family said.

"He wasn't worried at first, joking that he was strong and never got really sick flu. He even wanted to keep working," Mariana Beltrones said. "After his condition got worse we went to see a local doctor who recommended standard flu medicines. But he just worse and worse. Then, when we saw the news about this new swine flu outbreak we rushed him here."

On Monday, Tomas Beltrones was barely conscious and getting nutrition, liquids and medicines directly pumped into him.

The family members spoke to him through glass, calling for him to keep fighting.

"I know it means a lot to him that we are here all the time. He would be here for us," Mariana Beltrones said.

Tomas Beltrones' profile as a young otherwise healthy man is typical of those who have been struck down by the H1N1 virus, a new influenza strain that has features of pig, avian and human viruses.

The majority of the 103 people believed to have died from the virus here were between 20 and 40 years old, according to Mexican Health Secretary Jose Cordova, who says they are not sure why this is hitting a normally strong group.

The so-called Spanish Flu that wiped out about 50 million people after the First World War also hit mostly young men and women, a medical mystery that has never been fully solved.

Some doctors have argued that the virus may actually provoke strong symptoms in those with the most powerful immune systems, leading to their deaths.

As families waited and prayed, new sufferers were being brought into the institute, on the south side of Mexico City.

The crowd parted and held their blue surgical facemasks, as one young men was helped coughing and sweating severely from a car through the hospital doors.

Patients are being treated with anti viral drugs known in Mexico as oseltamivir and zanamivir.

President Felipe Calderon has assured that the virus is curable with the medicines and those that have died were already in an advanced stage of symptoms before they received treatment.

More than 1,000 of 1,600 people hospitalized with the illness have since come out he said.

Bernardo Luna, a 35 year old who works for the city government, checked out on Sunday after he had not had symptoms for 24 hours, met by a smiling and laughing wife and children.

He said he had fallen ill a week earlier and had already felt he was beating the symptoms but checked into hospital on Friday, after news of the swine flu hit the national media.

"It was a painful bit of flu. But I never felt like I was dying or anything," Luna said, holding his young daughter in his arms. "I got mostly shaken up when they said it was some new killer virus. Now I am out of hospital I am the happiest man in the world."
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Families of Mexico's swine flu sufferers hold vigils for loved ones - Telegraph
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

WHO | Swine influenza (Statement - April 27, 2009)

Swine influenza

The Emergency Committee, established in compliance with the International Health Regulations (2005), held its second meeting on 27 April 2009.


The Committee considered available data on confirmed outbreaks of A/H1N1 swine influenza in the United States of America, Mexico, and Canada.

The Committee also considered reports of possible spread to additional countries.

On the advice of the Committee, the WHO Director-General decided on the following.

The Director-General has raised the level of influenza pandemic alert from the current phase 3 to phase 4.


The change to a higher phase of pandemic alert indicates that the likelihood of a pandemic has increased, but not that a pandemic is inevitable.

As further information becomes available, WHO may decide to either revert to phase 3 or raise the level of alert to another phase.

This decision was based primarily on epidemiological data demonstrating human-to-human transmission and the ability of the virus to cause community-level outbreaks.

Given the widespread presence of the virus, the Director-General considered that containment of the outbreak is not feasible. The current focus should be on mitigation measures.

The Director-General recommended not to close borders and not to restrict international travel.

It was considered prudent for people who are ill to delay international travel and for people developing symptoms following international travel to seek medical attention.

The Director-General considered that production of seasonal influenza vaccine should continue at this time, subject to re-evaluation as the situation evolves. WHO will facilitate the process needed to develop a vaccine effective against A/H1N1 virus.

The Director-General stressed that all measures should conform with the purpose and scope of the International Health Regulations.
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<cite cite="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2009/h1n1_20090427/en/index.html">WHO | Swine influenza</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Reuters AlertNet - Across Asia, mood calm but wary in face of swine flu threat

Across Asia, mood calm but wary in face of swine flu threat

28 Apr 2009 06:40:13 GMT
Source: Reuters
(For full coverage of the flu outbreak, click [nFLU])
By James Pomfret
HONG KONG, April 28 (Reuters) -

Across Asia, people are closely following the global spread of swine flu from Mexico and preparing for the worst after the World Health Organisation raised its alert level for the outbreak. [ID:nLR492350].


Authorities in the region have boosted surveillance at airports and hospitals, stockpiled anti-viral drugs and other supplies to fight any outbreaks.

Face masks and anti-viral drugs like Relenza and Tamiflu flew off the shelves from pharmacies in some cities on Tuesday.

"It's really apparent, people have been buying face masks all day," said Cyrus Chan, the boss of a dispensary in Hong Kong's Wanchai bar district who had sold out his entire stock of 10,000 adult face-masks and only had child sizes left.

"Since SARS, this is the second time there's been such a great demand," Chan added, as a steady stream of customers asking for masks were told there wouldn't be any new stocks of adult masks till later.

Still, the mood on the streets appeared largely calm, with the world's most populous region, used to outbreaks of SARS and the H5N1 avian flu, not having yet reported any confirmed cases.

In South Korea, health authorities are testing a 51-year-old woman for suspected swine flu after a trip to Mexico.

"There hasn't been much of a reaction yet. I've just had a few calls asking if we have anti-viral drugs or special masks" said a pharmacist in downtown Seoul who asked not to be named.

"I guess South Koreans have grown accustomed to these breakouts over the past 10 years. But I will be bringing in more Tamiflu to the shelves."


PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE

Asia's patchy medical infrastructure, poverty and vast populations in countries like China and India make it particularly vulnerable should the virus take hold and propagate.

China has vowed to disclose any human cases of swine fever promptly, while state-run newspapers on Tuesday urged officials to be open and avoid the kind of cover-ups that brought panic during the SARS epidemic. [ID:nPEK69719]

The empty streets, schools and shops, worried citizens wearing masks and fleeing travellers now seen in Mexico are familiar to China, where in 2003 the SARS virus shut down much of the country, killing hundreds in the mainland and Hong Kong.

"I just want to be safe," said a Hong Kong man surnamed Cheng who bought 100 child face-masks for his nine-year-old daughter from the Wanchai pharmacy.

In Singapore, stocks of high-end N95 masks were being depleted in stores, with a sales attendant at Changi Airport saying new stocks wouldn't arrive till next week at the earliest.

"We've run out of the masks as people going to Europe or the U.S. are trying to resort to some protection from the flu."

New Zealand meanwhile has quarantined 10 people including a teacher and nine children from an Auckland school and treated them as likely swine flu victims

While the local community was initially stunned, the overall public mood has reportedly been mostly calm, with the cases appearing to be mild so far. A further 56 people are being monitored. In neighbouring Australia, five suspected flu cases are also being monitored.

In Vietnam, there appeared to be a degree of confusion towards swine flu which is not in fact linked to pigs alone -- but an assortment of swine, human and avian viruses.

"Death is everyone's destiny but this will be my last pig blood pudding for a while until the flu warning is over," said truck driver Nguyen Huu Luong, as he finished a bright red bowl of fresh pig blood and herbs in downtown Hanoi.

The swine flu outbreak has killed up to 149 people in Mexico and world health experts moved closer to declaring it the first flu pandemic in 40 years. [ID:nN2746506]

The last such outbreak, a "Hong Kong" flu pandemic first detected in the former British colony in 1968, killed about one million people, while SARS in 2003 killed 299. [ID:nN24440477]

"SARS was like a rehearsal for us," said Wong Pak-keung, a taxi driver who recalled those dark days when streets emptied and few of the city's 7 million people left home without a face mask.

"After SARS, people are more prepared and know what to do."
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/HKG64569.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Across Asia, mood calm but wary in face of swine flu threat</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Reuters AlertNet - World battles to curb deadly Mexico flu strain

World battles to curb deadly Mexico flu strain

28 Apr 2009 06:18:39 GMT
Source: Reuters

* Mexico death toll 149, WHO raises alert level
* Financial markets falter again on fears of pandemic
* World issues travel alerts, bans on pork imports
(For full coverage of the flu outbreak, click [nFLU])

By Catherine Bremer
MEXICO CITY, April 28 (Reuters) -

Governments around the world took steps on Tuesday to curb the spread of a new strain of flu that has killed up to 149 people in Mexico in a couple of weeks and spread to Europe and possibly Asia.


In Asia, financial markets were on edge over the risk the flu could develop into a pandemic and kill off fragile signs of recovery in the global economy after the World Health Organisation raised its alert level for the outbreak.

No one has died outside Mexico but more than 50 infected people have been found in the United States, six in Canada and three across the Atlantic in Spain and Scotland. Possible cases were being tested as far away as Norway and South Korea.

The swine flu bug is curable if treated quickly with antiviral medicine but no one is naturally immune and the WHO has lifted its pandemic alert to phase 4, indicating the risk of a deadly global outbreak. [ID:nLR759161] [ID:nLR492350]

"This can be interpreted as a significant step towards pandemic influenza, but also it is a phase which says that we are not there yet," acting WHO Assistant Director-General Keiji Fukuda told a teleconference on Monday.

Most Asian stock markets slipped <0#.INDEXA> into negative territory after tentative early gains, and the yen climbed to a seven-week high against the euro <eurjpy=> and a one-month high versus the dollar <jpy=> as investors cut their exposure to riskier currencies. [ID:nT67108]

Drug stocks extended Monday's gains while airline stocks were hit once again. Oil dropped a further 1 percent, sinking below $50 a barrel <clc1>.


TAKING ACTION

Governments around the world have taken steps to tighten monitoring of their airports or advised against non-essential travel to Mexico.

Britain, France, Germany and the United States issued travel alerts for Mexico, which relies on tourism as its No. 3 source of foreign currency. Japan advised its citizens in Mexico to consider returning home soon, saying they might find themselves unable to leave and not be able to get adequate medical care.

China vowed to disclose any human cases of swine fever promptly, while state-run newspapers urged officials to be open and avoid the kind of cover-ups that brought panic during the SARS epidemic in 2003.

The last pandemic, a Hong Kong flu outbreak in 1968, killed about one million people around the world. [ID:nN24440477]]

Mexicans from company directors to delivery men on tricycles wore face masks while airlines checked passengers for flu symptoms.

"We will defeat this threat," Mexico City Mayor Marcelo Ebrard vowed late on Monday as several hundred people suspected to be suffering from the flu were treated in hospitals and life in the normally hectic capital took on an eerie hush.

Mexico City shut restaurants, bars, cinemas, stadiums, gyms and some government offices to stop the infection from spreading.

Unsure how worried they should be, people stocked up on food, drinking water, rental movies and surgical masks and canceled hair appointments. Some opted to work from home and schools were closed across the country until May 6.

Facing a dent to tourism and trade -- key motors of an economy that is already tipping into recession with the global downturn -- Mexico said it would not order a mass closure of businesses to try to contain the infection.

"Economic activity must continue," Labor Minister Javier Lozano told a news conference on Monday evening.


NO VACCINE

Worldwide, seasonal flu kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people in an average year. The new strain is worrying as it spreads rapidly between humans and there is no vaccine for it.

Most of the fatalities have been people aged between 20 and 50, an ominous sign because a hallmark of past pandemics has been the high rate of fatalities among young adults.

Mexican media have speculated the flu may have originated at a pig farm in the tropical southeastern state of Veracruz.

But Health Minister Jose Angel Cordova said the first case that alerted authorities to a possible rogue flu strain was in the southern state of Oaxaca. He said it was too early to identify the cause or geographical source of the virus.

Officials say the virus is not caught from eating pig meat products but several countries banned U.S. pork imports.

The heavy volume of visitors to Mexico only underscores the risk of contagion. Airlines fly more than 1 million passenger seats in and out of Mexico's international airport each week.

The flu crisis, which blew up over the weekend, also rocked financial markets on Monday, hitting oil prices, the dollar, Mexico's peso <mxn=> and airline stocks.

Uncertainty over the swine flu outbreak could get soured recent optimism that trillions of dollars injected into the world economy might soon start to slow the global downturn.
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</mxn=></clc1></jpy=></eurjpy=>​
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N27476506.htm">Reuters AlertNet - World battles to curb deadly Mexico flu strain</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Swine flu: scientists warn over pandemic vaccine time lag - Telegraph

Swine flu: scientists warn over pandemic vaccine time lag

Britain is one of the best prepared countries in the world against pandemic flu but it will still take at least six to eight months to come up with an effective vaccine, scientists have warned after the swine flu outbreak.


By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent
Last Updated: 11:18PM BST 27 Apr 2009

Researchers have concentrated most of their efforts towards finding an affective pre-pandemic vaccine against the H5 strain of bird flu ? previously thought to be the most likely to cause a dangerous outbreak.This will offer some immunity to the H5 disease especially if a booster is administered straight after any outbreak occurs.

However for swine flu no such provision has been made and it will take at least six months to identify, produce and manufacture a vaccine in large enough quantities.

The prediction was made by Dr Iain Stephenson, a consultant in Infectious Diseases at the University of Leicester who has just completed successful research on a pre-pandemic vaccine for bird flu.

"We are in a position where if a swine flu virus becomes a pandemic we don't currently have a vaccine for it," he said. "I think that it is unlikely there will be widespread vaccine in less than six to eight months."

Dr Stephenson said that the first stage is for the World Health Authority to identify and then make safe the virus so a vaccine can be grown in the laboratory.

Then it will be up to manufacturers to produce the vaccine ? traditionally done in eggs ? and begin trials. In the meantime any victims will have to be treated with antiviral drugs to control the outbreak.

"If it looks like this thing is about to take off and to turn into something nasty, there are very good stockpiles of antiviral drugs which could be used to get through the first wave before we get a vaccine.

"We are at the top end of preparedness when it comes to that. We are a lot better off than many other countries.

"These drugs can be used to treat people with influenza and save lives and also reduce the infectiousness of people. That would have to get us through before vaccine is found."

Dr Stephenson said it was fortunate that the outbreak had occurred as the UK entered spring as the virus, at least in the northern hemisphere, did not like hot and humid conditions."It is not so good if you live in the Southern hemisphere like Australia and South America as they are heading into their winter," he said.

"But the way people travel around the world we could then get the infection coming back."

He said that vaccine manufactures were currently working at full capacity producing next year's stock of winter flu jabs and would only switch to a vaccine if and when a proper outbreak was confirmed.

"It is going to be a fine balancing act and the decision will not be made until the next few days," he said.

Meanwhile the WHO has confirmed that it has identified the virus and made it safe to be worked on in the laboratory.
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<cite cite="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/swine-flu/5232198/Swine-flu-scientists-warn-over-pandemic-vaccine-time-lag.html">Swine flu: scientists warn over pandemic vaccine time lag - Telegraph</cite>
 
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Mexico. S?lo se han confirmado 20 muertes por influenza porcina - M?xico - Influenza Porcina

S?lo se han confirmado 20 muertes por influenza porcina

Del resto falta informe de laboratorio
Las muertes sospechosas por la gripe porcina en M?xico aumentaron hoy a 152, aunque s?lo 20 est?n totalmente

27/04/2009 | Terra.-Redacci?n Internacional.-

Las muertes sospechosas por la gripe porcina en M?xico aumentaron hoy a 152, aunque s?lo 20 est?n totalmente confirmadas, mientras que en todo el mundo se han intensificado las alertas y medidas para evitar su propagaci?n.


Adem?s de M?xico, ya se han reportado casos sospechosos o confirmados de esta enfermedad en Estados Unidos, Brasil, Canad?, Guatemala, Puerto Rico, Espa?a, L?bano, Francia y el Reino Unido, entre otros pa?ses, mientras la Organizaci?n Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estudia si eleva el nivel de alerta pand?mica ante esta situaci?n.

El ministro mexicano de Salud, Jos? ?ngel C?rdova, anunci? que a la espera de realizar ex?menes que confirmen estos casos, se cree que las muertes debidas a este brote suman ya 152, aunque solamente est? confirmado el virus en 20 de las v?ctimas mortales.

El ministro ofreci? estas cifras en una rueda de prensa que se vio brevemente interrumpida por un temblor de tierra de 5,7 grados de magnitud que gener? p?nico entre la poblaci?n mexicana.

Las autoridades mexicanas anunciaron la suspensi?n de las clases en colegios y universidades de todo el pa?s hasta el pr?ximo 6 de mayo para prevenir el contagio de la gripe porcina.

La Ciudad de M?xico parece vac?a en la medida en que escuelas, universidades, restaurantes y museos se mantienen cerrados para evitar que se propague la influenza en el pa?s, donde surgi? el brote el pasado fin de semana y donde ya han sido hospitalizadas 1.614 personas, de las que el 60 por ciento fueron dadas de alta.

La OMS elev? hoy a 40 los casos confirmados de pacientes con gripe porcina en Estados Unidos, mientras que en M?xico dijo que son 26 los fallecidos.

La Organizaci?n Mundial de la Salud adelant? para hoy una reuni?n de su comit? de emergencia, el grupo de expertos que estudia si debe elevar el nivel de alerta pand?mica del actual nivel 3 al 4 o, incluso, 5 de los seis posibles.

Un portavoz insinu? que es inminente la declaraci?n de una nueva fase dado que "estamos viendo que el virus se extiende geogr?ficamente" y se trata de una situaci?n "que est? evolucionando r?pidamente y que debemos abordar urgentemente".

En EEUU, el alcalde de Nueva York, Michael Bloomberg, anunci? que se han confirmado 20 casos m?s de gripe porcina en la ciudad, con lo que ya son 28 los contagios confirmados de ese virus tan s?lo en Nueva York, y 40 en todo el pa?s.

Washington decidi? extremar la vigilancia de las fronteras, principalmente con un mayor control de los viajeros procedentes de M?xico, y recomend? a sus ciudadanos cancelar todo viaje a este pa?s que no sea esencial.

Tambi?n se ha establecido una "vigilancia pasiva" de las fronteras con M?xico despu?s de que la secretaria de Seguridad Nacional, Jannet Napolitano, declarara el domingo una "emergencia de salud p?blica".

El presidente de EEUU, Barack Obama, declar? que no hay "motivo para la alarma", aunque s? para la "preocupaci?n y para estar alerta".

En Brasil, una pareja que regres? hoy tras haber pasado su luna de miel en M?xico fue hospitalizada en la ciudad de Belo Horizonte con sospechas de fiebre porcina.

Per? registr? un posible caso en una mujer de 29 a?os que lleg? a Lima procedente de M?xico, cuyos resultados se sabr?n en dos d?as, dijo el ministro de Salud, Oscar Ugarte.

En Guatemala investigan tambi?n tres casos sospechosos que aparecieron en dos hospitales de la capital, y en Colombia, el Gobierno envi? a un laboratorio de EEUU las muestras de doce casos para confirmar si los viajeros procedentes de M?xico que permanecen en "vigilancia epidemiol?gica" contrajeron la enfermedad.

A pesar de que no se han registrado casos sospechosos, algunos pa?ses como Argentina, Chile, Cuba, Puerto Rico, El L?bano, la India o Taiw?n decidieron elevar el nivel de alerta y los controles para evitar una posible propagaci?n del virus.

En Argentina se adoptaron todos los mecanismos de prevenci?n disponibles, seg?n las autoridades, mientras Cuba tambi?n anunci? que limitar? "al m?ximo" los vuelos desde y hacia M?xico.Chile dispuso una barrera sanitaria en todos los pasos fronterizos y a los viajeros procedentes de M?xico, Estados Unidos y Canad? se les somete a un esc?ner de fiebre a su llegada.

Puerto Rico anunci? que puso en marcha las medidas necesarias para hacer frente a una eventual penetraci?n de la gripe porcina, y las autoridades aclararon que la paciente mexicana ingresada el fin de semana sospechosa de haber contra?do el virus dio negativo tras los an?lisis efectuados.

Los ministros de Salud de Centroam?rica se reunir?n el martes en Managua para elaborar estrategias comunes que ayuden a evitar que la poblaci?n de sus pa?ses sea afectada, y estudiar?n la posibilidad de comprar medicamentos de forma conjunta.

Los ministros de Exteriores de la Uni?n Europea acordaron dar una respuesta unida y coordinada ante el brote, con procedimientos comunes de diagn?stico, tratamiento y recomendaciones para los 27 pa?ses comunitarios.

"Queremos que la UE reaccione de forma r?pida, unida y firme", afirm? el secretario de Estado franc?s para la UE, Bruno Le Maire.

En Espa?a, un paciente ingresado ha dado positivo y es atendido seg?n los protocolos de la OMS, confirm? la ministra de Sanidad, Trinidad Jim?nez, y se estudian otros 17 casos de personas que podr?an haber contra?do la enfermedad.

Las autoridades francesas investigan cuatro nuevos casos "sospechosos" de personas que han viajado al sur de EEUU o a M?xico, mientras que otros seis dieron negativo en los an?lisis, inform? la titular de Sanidad, Roselyne Bachelot.

En Alemania, tres personas fueron ingresadas en un hospital de Bielefeld, norte del pa?s, con sospechas de haber contra?do la gripe porcina.

En Suiza, otros cinco ciudadanos que volvieron recientemente de M?xico y presentan los s?ntomas se someten a ex?menes m?dicos, seg?n la Oficina Federal de la Salud P?blica.

En Italia, los an?lisis realizados a dos pacientes ingresados con s?ntomas similares fueron negativos, mientras que Israel ingres? a un segundo var?n procedente de M?xico.

En el Reino Unido dos personas ingresadas en un hospital de Escocia tras volver de un viaje a M?xico se confirm? que tienen la gripe porcina, informaron hoy las autoridades escocesas.

La Federaci?n Internacional de la Cruz Roja puso a todo su personal en m?xima alerta ante la situaci?n, y agreg? que "comparte con la OMS el an?lisis de que existe el riesgo de que la gripe porcina se convierta en una pandemia mundial que afecte a una vasta ?rea geogr?fica".

La farmac?utica brit?nica GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) inform? del env?o de 100.000 lotes de su medicamento antiviral Relenza a M?xico y se?al? que estudia c?mo aumentar la producci?n de ese f?rmaco.

El temor desatado por el brote de gripe porcina afect? tambi?n a las bolsas de valores europeas, que registraron una ca?da generalizada, especialmente de t?tulos relacionados con aerol?neas y operadores tur?sticos.

La gripe porcina impuls?, sin embargo, las compras de valores del sector farmac?utico.

El actual brote de gripe porcina parece ser un virus "h?brido" que tiene componentes porcino, humano y aviar, por lo que puede reunir la alta patogenicidad del aviar y la facilidad del humano para transmitirse de persona a persona, seg?n la OMS.

Los s?ntomas de la gripe porcina en las personas son similares a los de la gripe com?n -fiebre alta, tos, dolor de cabeza, m?sculos y articulaciones, irritaci?n de ojos y flujo nasal, adem?s de v?mitos y diarrea-, aunque la asociaci?n con una neumon?a puede causar la muerte.

La OMS descarta, sin embargo, que pueda contraerse por comer carne de cerdo o sus derivados, e insiste en que no hay riesgo si dichos alimentos han sido manipulados y cocinados de manera adecuada.
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<cite cite="http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloid=818745">Terra - S?lo se han confirmado 20 muertes por influenza porcina - M?xico - Influenza Porcina</cite>
 
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The Doctor's World - Sound the Alarm? A Swine Flu Bind - NYTimes.com

Sound the Alarm? A Swine Flu Bind

By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN, M.D.
Published: April 27, 2009

For all that scientists have learned about influenza since the catastrophic pandemic of 1917-19, one thing has not changed: the predictably unpredictable nature of the viruses that cause it.


The sudden detection of the new swine influenza virus, A(H1N1), occurred just as scientists were focusing wary eyes on behavioral changes observed in another virus, the A(H5N1) bird flu strain, in Egypt.

Virologists have tracked the avian virus since its discovery in Hong Kong in 1997.

The World Health Organization said over the weekend that the new swine flu virus had the potential to cause another pandemic, but that it had no way of knowing whether it actually would.

The W.H.O. and public-health agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention find themselves in a delicate balance, obliged to provide information about potentially lethal diseases without causing panic.

Although health officials have held exercises to prepare for pandemics and outbreaks caused by bioterrorism, they have yet to master the necessary communications skills. They are in a ?damned if they do, damned if they don?t? situation.

A decision about travel restrictions or advisories, for example, could affect trade and finances at a time of economic chaos. If the public health emergency declared by the W.H.O. and the Obama administration turns out to be a false alarm, officials will be ridiculed for unnecessarily worrying millions of people ? perhaps even for creating fear to justify their budgets.

If a pandemic materializes, some of the same critics are very likely to blame officials for failing to prevent it.

History teaches that the influenza virus mutates to cause worldwide spread about twice a century, on average. But scientists have yet to figure out what causes the mutations, when they will occur and what makes certain viruses more lethal than others.

Epidemiologists know that the number of cases reported in the days just after detection of a new strain can be deceiving, just as early returns can be in political elections.

To evaluate outbreaks, they need, among other things, accurate information about the numbers of cases; where they are occurring; the age distribution of those infected; and what contact they might have had with one another. At this stage of the swine flu investigation, such data are sorely lacking.

Most mystifying are why reported deaths have occurred only in Mexico so far and why confirmed cases reported elsewhere are mild. The disparity cannot be explained by any apparent biological factors. Could it instead reflect reporting bias?

For example, Mexican authorities may be more likely to look for swine flu in hospitals than authorities in other countries ? who may be focusing on less vulnerable populations, like travelers. By contrast, those other countries might not have had time to concentrate on deaths in hospitals.

Occasionally, alerts of a new virus, or a mutation of an old one, come from a laboratory. More often, fatalities are the first clue.

But high initial death rates often fall as officials find that the causative microbe also causes mild, even symptomless cases. Officials may learn that the outbreak has gone on silently for weeks, even months.

H1N1 appears to be passed easily from person to person, and reports from the United States suggest that some cases may be mild and therefore may go undetected, allowing the disease to spread further.

In contrast, avian flu has killed 257 of the 421 people who have contracted it. But it has shown little ability to pass from person to person, mainly infecting poultry, and some experts suggest that there may be something about the H5N1 virus that makes it inherently less transmissible among people.

SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, is easily spread and virulent. In a 2003 outbreak in Hong Kong, it killed 299 of the 1,755 people it infected.

Health authorities there are aggressively applying the lessons they learned from SARS. While Mexico struggles to confirm cases of swine flu and sends samples to the United States, Hong Kong is already performing swift genetic tests on patient samples and will have laboratories doing so at six local hospitals by Thursday.

In an influenza outbreak, standard surveillance, or disease monitoring, is crucial. That effort can determine how many of the confirmed cases are mild or fatal, painting a more accurate picture of the virulence.

As part of the exercise, epidemiologists, virologists and other health workers also interview patients and doctors, and they test many samples.

The goal is to answer a list of questions, including these:

?Whether deaths occur in the early or late stages of the infection.
?Whether those who died also had certain underlying ailments, and which ones.
?Whether infected patients respond to standard anti-influenza drugs.
?Whether they develop secondary bacterial infections, and if so, what kinds.
?Whether the incubation period ? the time it takes to develop symptoms after exposure to a mutated virus ?differs from that for known influenza viruses, usually one to three days.
?Whether the new virus mainly strikes healthy individuals or has a predilection for people with certain diseases.
?What percentage of those infected might have been protected by prior influenza shots.

For the new swine influenza virus, it is too soon to know the answers. And as scientists are all too keenly aware, they have been wrong before.

In 1976, after a small outbreak of swine influenza at Fort Dix in New Jersey, public-health officials persuaded President Gerald R. Ford and Congress to mount a nationwide immunization campaign that came in for widespread criticism. Yet 60 years earlier, an influenza virus that apparently started as a mild outbreak in the spring came back in a giant storm months later.

Which model will the swine influenza virus follow? Scientists can only prepare for the worst and hope for the best.

Keith Bradsher contributed reporting from Hong Kong.
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<cite cite="http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/28/health/28docs.html?_r=1&hpw">The Doctor's World - Sound the Alarm? A Swine Flu Bind - NYTimes.com</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - Container with swine virus explodes in Swiss train

Container with swine virus explodes in Swiss train

28 Apr 2009 08:36:26 GMT
Source: Reuters
ZURICH, April 28 (Reuters) -

A container of flu virus samples packed in dry ice exploded on a Swiss train, injuring one person but posing no other risks to humans, police said on Tuesday.


The box held vials of swine flu virus, although a different strain than the H1N1 variety that has caused about 150 deaths in Mexico and infected people in the United States, Canada, Spain and Britain.

A technician was transporting the container on Monday night to the Swiss national flu centre in Geneva, where scientists are developing a flu test for humans, police said.

One woman was hurt when the box exploded in reaction to the dry ice used to keep the samples cold.

After consulting virus specialists, the police decided to stop the St. Gallen to Geneva train before it entered the station in Lausanne.

The virus specialists confirmed that the samples being transported posed no risks to humans, police said.

(Reporting by Sven Egenter; Editing by Laura MacInnis)
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS95371.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Container with swine virus explodes in Swiss train</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - RPT-Companies start initial work on swine flu vaccine

RPT-Companies start initial work on swine flu vaccine

28 Apr 2009 08:54:32 GMT
Source: Reuters
(Repeats with links to related items at foot)

* Genetic code of virus available, virus samples awaited
* Production process will take months
* Focus on adjuvants to make sufficient quantities

By Ben Hirschler
LONDON, April 28 (Reuters) -

Manufacturers have taken the first preparatory steps in developing a vaccine against a new strain of flu that has killed up to 149 people in Mexico and threatens to become a pandemic.


Switzerland's Novartis AG <novn.vx> said on Tuesday it had received the genetic code of the new virus strain, enabling it to start work on evaluating production, and it hoped to receive the actual virus in its laboratories "in the near future".

Still, it is likely to take between five and six months before a vaccine is commercially available, according to the World Health Organisation.

The delay is not for want of trying.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has already taken a sample of the H1N1 virus causing the disease, produced a vaccine virus strain and is growing it up, marking the first stage of the production process.

These samples, which can then be distributed to companies, must be grown in specially produced chicken eggs in a cumbersome system that experts agree is outdated. New and more efficient technologies based on cell cultures are, however, still a few years away.

At least 20 companies, in addition to Novartis, make flu vaccines, including Sanofi-Aventis <sasy.pa>, GlaxoSmithKline <gsk.l>, Baxter International <bax.n>, Australia's CSL <csl.ax> and nasal spray maker MedImmune, now part of AstraZeneca <azn.l>.

They are currently geared to producing season flu shots, which vaccine specialists say will not stop the new form of swine flu spreading around the world, although people who have been immunised may end up with milder symptoms.

So-called swine flu is a variant of the H1N1 form of the human influenza virus, but tests show the H1N1 component of the current seasonal flu vaccine does not protect against the new strain.

A big challenge facing manufacturers will be making sufficient quantities of vaccine from a limited supply of active ingredient, or antigen.

Companies and health authorities will also have to decide how far to switch capacity from producing seasonal vaccines to making the new vaccine -- a tricky process of balancing risks.

One option to extend supply is to use an additive, known as an adjuvant, to increase the body's immune response and reduce the amount of antigen needed in each shot.

Several companies are working on this approach. Glaxo, in particular, said it believed its novel adjuvant technology could make a significant contribution to antigen sparing.

The British company previously developed a vaccine against the H5N1 strain of bird flu -- originally thought to pose the biggest pandemic threat -- using a special adjuvant that allowed an extremely low dose of active ingredient to be used.

For a Factbox on the flu outbreak, click [ID:nLR221440]
For a Take-a-Look on the latest flu stories click [ID:nFLU]
(Editing by Will Waterman)
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</azn.l></csl.ax></bax.n></gsk.l></sasy.pa></novn.vx>​
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS204841.htm">Reuters AlertNet - RPT-Companies start initial work on swine flu vaccine</cite>
 
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WHO says no "probable" cases of swine flu in China - channelnewsasia.com

WHO says no "probable" cases of swine flu in China

Posted: 28 April 2009 1546 hrs
BEIJING -

There are no "probable" or confirmed human cases of swine flu in China, but authorities are investigating several people with suspicious symptoms, the World Health Organization said Tuesday.


China earlier pledged open and quick reporting of any cases of swine flu in the country as it ordered an all-out effort to prevent an outbreak.

The government, which was heavily criticised for initially covering up the SARS epidemic in 2003, has made fighting the disease its "central task", said a statement issued after a Cabinet meeting chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao.

The State Council said in a statement it had ordered a raft of measures including the establishment of a "direct reporting system on the epidemic leading to early discovery, early reports, early diagnosis, early quarantine and early treatment".

"As soon as cases are discovered in our borders they must be publicly announced in a timely manner.

"The State Council ordered the creation of a joint monitoring body uniting staff from the health and agriculture ministries, the state quarantine and inspection bureau and other relevant departments.

"We have to maintain high vigilance, adopt effective measures and rigorously guard against the epidemic to protect the health and safety of the masses," the government statement said.

"The meeting ordered all regions and all departments to make prevention of human cases of swine flu their central task."

China initially tried to deny the existence of the 2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, and only owned up after it spilled over into other countries.

The meeting chaired by Wen marked a sharp escalation in China's response, as the situation overseas has quickly worsened. The health ministry had at the weekend merely said it was "paying close attention" to the situation.

The State Council ordered strict monitoring of people arriving in China from affected areas and strengthened supervision of the pig-raising industry, pig markets, and the import and exports of pigs.

Beijing had already banned hog and pork product imports from Mexico and parts of the United States.

"Because the epidemic situation in some countries is still developing, cases are mounting, and the affected area is expanding, the possibility of transmission to our country has not been eliminated," it said.

China's National Tourism Administration meanwhile ordered travel agencies to halt tours to Mexico in light of the swine flu outbreak.It also advised Chinese tourists to avoid travelling to Mexico in the near future.

The National Tourism Agency is run by China's Cabinet, the State Council, according to its website.

The number of "probable" deaths from swine flu rose in Mexico from 149 to 152, Mexico's health minister said, of about 2,000 possible cases.

The virus has sickened victims from the US to New Zealand, with New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg saying more than 100 students at a parochial school in Queens contracted an illness that was probably swine flu.

The number of confirmed swine flu cases in the US more than doubled Monday to 44.

- AFP/ir
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<cite cite="http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_asiapacific/view/425467/1/.html">channelnewsasia.com</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - New Zealand confirms cases of swine flu

New Zealand confirms cases of swine flu

28 Apr 2009 09:17:31 GMT
Source: Reuters
WELLINGTON, April 28 (Reuters) -

New Zealand said on Tuesday it had confirmed cases of swine flu among a school group that had recently visited Mexico.


The Ministry of Health said a World Health Organisation laboratory in Australia had confirmed three of 11 from the group had tested positive to the H1N1 flu strain, and it was assuming that the other eight would also be positive when tests were complete.
-
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/SP401374.htm">Reuters AlertNet - New Zealand confirms cases of swine flu</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - Israel confirms first case of swine flu -radio

Israel confirms first case of swine flu -radio

28 Apr 2009 09:13:45 GMT
Source: Reuters
JERUSALEM, April 28 (Reuters) -

Israel confirmed on Tuesday its first case of swine flu, saying tests showed a man who recently returned from Mexico and was hospitalised had contracted the virus, Israel Radio said.


-
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS267173.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Israel confirms first case of swine flu -radio</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - Israel confirms first case of swine flu

Israel confirms first case of swine flu

28 Apr 2009 09:22:11 GMT
Source: Reuters
(Adds Health Ministry confirmation)
JERUSALEM, April 28 (Reuters) -

Israel confirmed on Tuesday its first case of swine flu, saying tests showed a man who recently returned from Mexico and was hospitalised had contracted the virus.


"There is one confirmed case. His condition is good but he is being kept hospitalised for observation," said Health Ministry spokeswoman Einav Shimron.

Israel's deputy health minister said on Monday that health authorities were well prepared to handle any outbreak of the new strain of flu virus.

The Israeli who contracted the virus was identified as a 26-year-old man. He was hospitalised on Saturday after complaining of flu-like symptoms following his return from a visit to Mexico.

Doctors in Israel were awaiting test results on another man, who had travelled to Mexico and was hospitalised after arriving home with flu symptoms.

The virus is thought to have begun at a village in the state of Vera Cruz, east of Mexico City. So far 149 people have died in Mexico and the virus has since spread to the United States, Canada, Spain and Scotland.

(Writing by Jeffrey Heller, Editing by Ori Lewis)
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS799578.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Israel confirms first case of swine flu</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - Spain confirms second case of swine flu

Spain confirms second case of swine flu

28 Apr 2009 09:47:33 GMT
Source: Reuters
MADRID, April 28 (Reuters) -

Spanish authorities have confirmed a second case of swine flu, this time in a patient in the region of Valencia, the Health Ministry said on Tuesday.


Health Minister Trinidad Jimenez said earlier on Tuesday that 26 suspected cases were under investigation.

The country announced the first confirmed case of swine flu in Europe on Monday -- a young man who had returned from holiday in Mexico and who had now recovered sufficiently to be on the verge of being allowed to leave hospital.

(Reporting by Itziar Reinlein; writing by Jason Webb; Editing by Charles Dick)
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS802274.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Spain confirms second case of swine flu</cite>
 
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Reuters AlertNet - Swine flu cases increase, hurting markets, airlines

Israel, N.Zealand latest countries hit by swine flu

28 Apr 2009 16:18:11 GMT
Source: Reuters
(For full coverage of the flu outbreak, click [nFLU]

* Mexico death toll 149
* WHO says all countries need to prepare for worst
* New cases confirmed in New Zealand and Israel
* Financial markets falter again on fears of pandemic

(Recasts lead; adds WHO comments, new cases, details)

By Catherine Bremer
MEXICO CITY, April 28 (Reuters) -

A new swine flu virus that has killed 149 people in Mexico was found further around the world on Tuesday and the specter of a pandemic began to hit air travel.


The United States, Canada and the European Union advised people to avoid non-essential travel to Mexico, and companies adopted wider travel restrictions to countries where cases have been confirmed.

The World Health Organization said a pandemic -- a global outbreak of a serious new illness -- is not yet inevitable but that all countries should prepare for the worst, especially poorer developing nations.

"They really get hit disproportionally hard," said WHO acting assistant director-general Dr. Keiji Fukuda. [nLS832261]

There are 52 cases in the United States and new infections were confirmed on Tuesday in Israel and New Zealand. Canada, Spain and Britain also have confirmed cases, and many other countries have suspected infections.

U.S. accounting firm Ernst & Young said an employee in its office in Times Square, had been diagnosed with swine flu, but later said that might not be true. If confirmed, it would be the first case reported in New York's financial community.

One of the mysteries of the outbreak is why the virus has killed scores of people in Mexico but all of the cases outside the country have been relatively mild. Experts say this may be simply a matter of where they have been looking to find it.

Still, officials have said they do expect to find deaths as the disease spreads and a pandemic could snuff out fragile signs of economic recovery around the world as travel, trade and manufacturing output would all be hit [nLS731376].

The last flu pandemic was in 1968, when "Hong Kong" flu killed about 1 million people around the world. [ID:nN24440477]]

Airline share prices continued to fall on Tuesday on fears that they could see a sharp drop in traffic.

European and Asian stock markets retreated <0#.INDEXA>, but drug makers posted gains and U.S. stock markets recovered from earlier losses and were little changed.

Oil dropped to below $50 a barrel <clc1> and investors cut their exposure to riskier currencies.

The virus is not caught from eating pig meat products but several countries, led by Russia and China, banned U.S. pork imports. The EU said it has no plans to restrict pig meat products from the United States. [LS30928]

"Markets are doing what they tend to do, taking fright," said Howard Wheeldon, strategist at BGC Partners in London. "But in my view, it's totally unnecessary."


TRAVEL ALERTS

Britain, France, Germany, Canada and the United States issued travel alerts for Mexico, which relies on tourism as a main source of foreign currency. Japan advised its citizens in Mexico to consider returning home soon.

U.K. travel firms Thomson Holidays and First Choice said they decided to repatriate their customers from Mexico and to cancel flights bound for Cancun on Tuesday. [nLS442809] British Airways said it would continue to operate its services.

Private companies stepped up precautions, restricting travel to Mexico and some other countries with confirmed cases and advising staff on how to protect themselves.

China promised to disclose any cases promptly. State-run newspapers urged officials to be open and avoid the kind of cover-up that brought panic during the SARS epidemic in 2003.

Experts say that while it is impossible to stop the spread of the disease, efforts to slow its progress could buy crucial time for countries to procure essential drugs.

While there is no vaccine for the flu and it is clearly spread between humans, it is not yet clear how virulent the swine virus is. The WHO's Fukuda said a mild pandemic is possible but he also cautioned that a severe 1918 flu epidemic emerged from mild beginnings. [nLS835518]

Worldwide, seasonal flu kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people in an average year.

In Mexico, people from company directors to couriers wore face masks while airlines checked passengers for flu symptoms.

"We will defeat this threat," Mexico City Mayor Marcelo Ebrard said as several hundred people suspected to be suffering from the flu were treated in hospitals and life in the normally hectic capital took on an eerie hush.

Mexico has shut all schools across the country until at least May 6 and in the capital, restaurants, bars, cinemas, stadiums have been ordered closed to stop the infection from spreading.

Unsure how worried they should be, people stocked up on food, drinking water, rental movies and surgical masks. Some opted to work from home.

Facing damage to tourism and trade -- motors of an economy that is already tipping into recession from the global downturn -- Mexico said it would not order a mass closure of businesses. "Economic activity must continue," Labor Minister Javier Lozano said.

Mexican media have speculated the flu may have originated at a pig farm in the southeastern state of Veracruz.

But Health Minister Jose Angel Cordova said the first case that alerted authorities to a possible rogue flu strain was in the southern state of Oaxaca. It was too early to identify the cause or geographical source of the virus.

(Additional reporting by Jonathan Lynn and Stephanie Nebehay in Geneva; Helen Popper, Robin Emmott and Mica Rosenberg in Mexico City; Tan Ee Lyn in Hong Kong; and Lincoln Feast in Singapore; Writing by Andrew Marshall; Editing by Maggie Fox and Anthony Boadle)
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</clc1>​
<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LS803449.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Swine flu cases increase, hurting markets, airlines</cite>
 
Re: From the news: Roundup and analysis.

Reuters AlertNet - Canada's Alberta says two infected with swine flu

Canada's Alberta says two infected with swine flu

28 Apr 2009 17:07:20 GMT
Source: Reuters
CALGARY, Alberta, April 28 (Reuters) -

The Canadian province of Alberta reported its first swine flu infections on Tuesday, with two males falling ill with a mild form of the disease after traveling to Mexico, health officials said.


Neither of the patients in the two cases, one in the city of Calgary and another in the province's north, required hospitalization.

One has completely recovered and the second is expected to soon be free of symptoms, the officials said.

(Reporting by Scott Haggett; editing by Peter Galloway)
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<cite cite="http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N28435367.htm">Reuters AlertNet - Canada's Alberta says two infected with swine flu</cite>
 
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