tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2023 Mar 15;14:1107156.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107156. eCollection 2023.
Antibody response in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 (MIS-C) compared to children with uncomplicated COVID-19
Anaïs Thiriard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin Meyer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christiane S Eberhardt[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Natasha Loevy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Serge Grazioli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Wafae Adouan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paola Fontannaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fabienne Marechal[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Arnaud G L'Huillier[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Claire-Anne Siegrist[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daphnée Georges[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Antonella Putignano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arnaud Marchant[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arnaud M Didierlaurent[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner[SUP] 2 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Objectives: To comprehensively analyze the quality of the antibody response between children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and age-matched controls at one month after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and infected in the same time-period.
Methods: Serum from 20 MIS-C children at admission, and 14 control children were analyzed. Antigen specific antibody isotypes and subclasses directed against various antigens of SARS-CoV-2 as well as against human common coronavirus (HCoVs) and commensal or pathogenic microorganisms were assessed by a bead-based multiplexed serological assay and by ELISA. The functionality of these antibodies was also assessed using a plaque reduction neutralization test, a RBD-specific avidity assay, a complement deposition assay and an antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP) assay.
Results: Children with MIS-C developed a stronger IgA antibody response in comparison to children with uncomplicated COVID-19, while IgG and IgM responses are largely similar in both groups. We found a typical class-switched antibody profile with high level of IgG and IgA titers and a measurable low IgM due to relatively recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (one month). SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies of MIS-C children had higher functional properties (higher neutralization activity, avidity and complement binding) as compared to children with uncomplicated COVID-19. There was no difference in the response to common endemic coronaviruses between both groups. However, MIS-C children had a moderate increase against mucosal commensal and pathogenic strains, reflecting a potential association between a disruption of the mucosal barrier with the disease.
Conclusion: Even if it is still unclear why some children develop a MIS-C, we show here that MIS-C children produce higher titers of IgA antibodies, and IgG antibodies with higher functionality, which could reflect the local gastro-intestinal mucosal inflammation potentially induced by a sustained SARS-CoV-2 gut infection leading to continuous release of SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
Keywords: MIS-C multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; commensals; common coronavirus; functional antibody.
. 2023 Mar 15;14:1107156.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107156. eCollection 2023.
Antibody response in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19 (MIS-C) compared to children with uncomplicated COVID-19
Anaïs Thiriard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin Meyer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christiane S Eberhardt[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Natasha Loevy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Serge Grazioli[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Wafae Adouan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paola Fontannaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fabienne Marechal[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Arnaud G L'Huillier[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Claire-Anne Siegrist[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Daphnée Georges[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Antonella Putignano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arnaud Marchant[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arnaud M Didierlaurent[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner[SUP] 2 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37006315
- PMCID: PMC10050384
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107156
Abstract
Objectives: To comprehensively analyze the quality of the antibody response between children with Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and age-matched controls at one month after SARS-CoV-2 exposure, and infected in the same time-period.
Methods: Serum from 20 MIS-C children at admission, and 14 control children were analyzed. Antigen specific antibody isotypes and subclasses directed against various antigens of SARS-CoV-2 as well as against human common coronavirus (HCoVs) and commensal or pathogenic microorganisms were assessed by a bead-based multiplexed serological assay and by ELISA. The functionality of these antibodies was also assessed using a plaque reduction neutralization test, a RBD-specific avidity assay, a complement deposition assay and an antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP) assay.
Results: Children with MIS-C developed a stronger IgA antibody response in comparison to children with uncomplicated COVID-19, while IgG and IgM responses are largely similar in both groups. We found a typical class-switched antibody profile with high level of IgG and IgA titers and a measurable low IgM due to relatively recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (one month). SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies of MIS-C children had higher functional properties (higher neutralization activity, avidity and complement binding) as compared to children with uncomplicated COVID-19. There was no difference in the response to common endemic coronaviruses between both groups. However, MIS-C children had a moderate increase against mucosal commensal and pathogenic strains, reflecting a potential association between a disruption of the mucosal barrier with the disease.
Conclusion: Even if it is still unclear why some children develop a MIS-C, we show here that MIS-C children produce higher titers of IgA antibodies, and IgG antibodies with higher functionality, which could reflect the local gastro-intestinal mucosal inflammation potentially induced by a sustained SARS-CoV-2 gut infection leading to continuous release of SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
Keywords: MIS-C multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; commensals; common coronavirus; functional antibody.